动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份(二)

六、动词-ing形式做状语

1、时间状语（when,while）

(1)When I heard the result, he couldn't help jumpping.

-------Hearing the reslut, I couldn’t help jumpping.

动词-ing所表示的动作一发生，谓语动词表示的动作就立即发生。

（2）When I was playing games, I was very excited.

----------When playing games, I was very excited.

动词-ing所表示的动作在进行过程中，谓语动词表示的动作就发生了，此时前面一般加上when, while.

Eg: Be careful when you are crossing the street.

---------Be careful when crossing the street.

(3)After I had played games, I went to sleep.

--------Having played games, I went to sleep.

动词-ing发生在谓语动词之前，要用现在分词的完成式。

2、动词-ing作原因状语（as\ because\ since）

Eg: Because I didn’t master the way of studying, I didn’t get a good result.

--------Not mastering the way of studying, I didn’t get a good result.

Eg: As I was so worried, I couldn’t go to sleep.

----------Being so worried, I couldn’t go to sleep.

3、动词-ing作让步状语（although, though, even though, even if ）

Eg: Although I studiied from morning till night, I didn’t pass the exam.

-------Studying from morning till night, I didn’t pass the exam.

Eg: Even though I made up my mind, I still wanted to play.

-------Making made up my mind, I still wanted to play.

4、动词-ing作条件状语

Eg: If you pass the three years, you’ll grow up.

--------Passing the three years, you’ll grow up.

Eg: If you don’t make use of the time, you’ll regret.

--------Not making use of the time, you’ll regret.

5、动词-ing作方式、伴随状语

  一般情况下，动词-ing所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句转换。

Eg; The girl came into the classroom, singing and dancing.

--------- The girl came into the classroom, they sang and danced.

七、动词-ing的逻辑主语

Eg: Do you mind opening the door?

----------Do you mind my /me opening the door?

物主代词/名词的所有格+V-ing =动词-ing的逻辑主语

动词-ing短语可以做主语、表语和宾语

Eg: Li Ming’s being late made his teacher very angry.

Eg: I think the biggest problem is not having finished my homework.