加载中…《中文笔记》第一册(76)
(2019-12-17 23:50:46)
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《退庵隨筆》[1] ：
“真西山言：‘無心而誤，謂之“過”；有心而為，謂之“惡”。’”
“有文無行之人，自昔輕之。使人因其人而議其文，恥也；使人因其文而惜其人，益之恥也。[2] ”
“魏叔子曰：‘或謂人有讀破萬卷不辦一事者，此讀書無用處。余謂此人脫令不讀書，遂能辦事否？然有兩種人不宜讀書：一種機巧之人，一種剛愎之人。’”
“魏伯子曰：‘天下惟四高人極難受益：年高、位高（難受益於常人）、識高、學高（難受益於君子）。’”
“謝退谷最惡‘窮秀才’之稱，謂聖賢卿相皆秀才分內事，何窮之有？然今之秀才，不悅詩書，則學窮；不飭廉隅，則行窮；戚戚憂貧，則志窮；百無一能，則術窮。”
“《列子》言‘貧者士之常’，《後漢》孔嵩則言‘貧者士之宜’。[3] ”
“《魏叔子日錄‧裏言》曰：‘事後論人，每將知人說得極愚；局外論人，每將難事說得極易。嘲戲人自是惡事，尤不可入一二莊語，莊語則戲者皆真。’”
卷二：“古人自稱字（補《日知錄》）：《禮‧緇衣》伊尹摯自謂伊尹，《檀弓》衛文子木自稱彌牟，《周書》祭公自稱謀父，《史記》項籍自稱羽，《晉世家》狐偃自稱犯，《後漢書》三十八閔貢自稱仲叔。《詩‧巷伯》疏：‘君父前自名，朋友接自字。’”【張衡賦[4] 。】【此則竊《瞥記》七。】
“稱外國人姓名取首一字。白香山《代朱忠亮答吐蕃節度使論結都離》曰‘論公’，虞道園《正心堂記》稱忙哥帖木耳為‘忙侯’，錢竹汀《金石文跋尾續》載至正《嘉定州儒學記》‘鐵侯’（按二字稱一字見《日知錄》、《詩學纂聞》[5] ）。”
【“不殖將落，原氏所以先亡；數典忘祖，籍父所以無後。[6] ”】
“翁蘇齋謂宋芷灣好人不讀書，不作詩。”（卷三）
“《吉人遺鐸》云：‘屠赤水先生言：“終《綱目》一書，凡 1362 年。請致仕者惟杜佑一人，請老者惟二疏，見幾之難如是。”’[7] ”
“錢竹汀言藏書未有久而不厄者。梁曜北論聚書之禍。”（卷十一）
【《意林》引《論衡‧雜應篇》：“欲得長生腹中清，欲得不死腹無屎。[8] ”】
“過喜亦傷生，見《淮南子‧原道訓》、《漢書‧東方朔傳》、《論衡》、《顏氏家訓》。”（卷十二[9] ）
“《韓詩外傳》實詩話權輿。”（卷十四）
“朱子四書之學。”（卷十五）
“名教。”（卷十八）
“王元美《劄記內篇》曰：‘今之談道者，吾惑焉。有鮮於學而逃者，有拙於辭而逃者，有敗於政而逃者，有騖於名而趨者，有縻於爵而趨者[10] 。是陋儒之粉飾，而貪夫之淵藪也。’”（仝）
“李文貞曰：‘《參同契》先黑【收視反聽】而白【生明】而黃，終於紅，是謂丹，與日光、人身、草木歷程適反。所謂順則為人，逆則成仙也。’”（仝）
“古樂府之魚戲，浣花集之杜鵑，元劉仁本之蕨萁‘東山有蕨萁，南山有蕨萁’，明袁中郎之西湖。[11] ”（汪韓門【又：“七言詩轉韻，律詩通韻。[12] ”】）
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【《孽海花》謂做過上海道，如吃過河豚，傍官皆不欲做矣[13] 。】
【《小說林》中《蠻語摭殘》詩詞皆出黃摩西手，好生吞活剝新名詞，為沉博絕艷，真穢在骨者。】
【毛──猶反手也；絕代佳人──美而無子；我──共食不飽；子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉亥──歲；乍──昨日之日不可留；鑽穴隙相窺──張之洞；潘金蓮嫌武大郎──不如叔也《詩經》；中國豈願聯俄──我不欲人之加諸我也；滿席秀才──其數八，其味酸《禮記》；各種花露──春色滿園關不住；吟風弄月不須錢──白樂天；喝雉呼盧──鷄鳴狗吠相聞。】
【《六朝別字記》已有“囻”字（“散綺萬囻”），“囯”字亦在六朝。】
【婦人三起：聳起、突起、墳起。按太平老人《袖中錦》言：“婦人三上（牆上、馬上、樓上）、三中（旅中、醉中、日中）、三下（月下、燭下、簾下），皆易為美。[14] “】
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Edwin Muir: Latitudes[15] :
For this book of illumination, the works of a writer are all that is required; anything outside them, indeed, is irrelevant; for criticism is concerned with the mind & not with the man. To the critic the names of Mr Shaw & Mr Conrad should call up not the image of two men with differently shaped beards, but two differentiated minds. The signal fault of Ste-Beuve’s method is that in presenting the man himself along with his work, the work was made to appear less important than the man. Literature thus appeared, even in literary criticism, in a secondary rôle.
The affirmation of suffering in contemporary literture. Suffering is affirmed without a simultaneous affirmation of personality.
Not explore the unconscious, but descend into the unconscious; Mr Lawrence fire without light.
Psychoanalysts strive to attain health by becoming more sick, by exhausting all possibilities of sickness, until there is nothing but health left.
But how marvelouslly asceticism has deepened the soul!
There is nothing which betrays mediocrity of thought more clearly than an abuse of the sense of humour; the elevation of it into a criterion.
One should have a 2nd sense of humor to apply to apply to one’s sense of humor.
Sometimes perfectly commonplace people are made interesting by having a repression: it adds mystery where everything before was all too simple.
Writers who stimulate are of 3 classes. Of the lowest are those who give a paradoxical turn to a platitude (Wilde, Chesterton): these are valuable, for they make the platitude live. The 2nd class contains those writers who say more than they know they are saying (Blake, Nietzsche)[16] ; they incite us to complete what they have imperfectly said. Finally, there are those who say only a fraction of what is in their minds (Heraclitus & Pascal); they give us the starting-point of a whole philosophy & leave us to create it for ourselves.
There is a mystery of stupidity as well as a mystery of genius. The philosopher is an enigma to the average man, but not a greater one than the average man is to the philosopher.
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Leisure Hours; or Entertaining Dialogues, between persons eminent for Virtue & Magnanimity. the characters drawn from Ancient & Modern history Designed as Lessons of Morality for youth, by Priscilla Wakefield, 7th, Printed for Harvey & Darton, 1821[17] .
“The Nature of True Riches”: Long prefactory remarks to the effect wealth does not “consist in the possession of precious metals only”.
Ti-hoang (Emperor of China) to whose presence brought by the Mandarin Kang-hi, a merchant Yang-ti, a manufacturer Chiang, a farmer Hio【each “declares his title to the royal munificence”】. Ti-hoang: “The man, of whatever rank, who devotes his time & talents to the improvement of those arts which contribute to the happiness & accomodation of the human race, may truly be called a benefactor, may truly be called a benefactor to his species, & is entitled not only to the gratitude of his fellow-citizens, but to the rewards of royal munificence” (192).
1st reward the farmer, next prize to Chiang. The merchant who discovered a mine of diamonds is ordered to depart & “close up those avenues to luxury & false wealth” (197).
Preface “advancing the pupils of the knowledge in history” (iv).
The Traveller in Asia or a visit to the East Indies & China, for the instruction of Young Persons (1817)[18] .
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【詩體[19]
】【劉長卿】【高適、孟】【《康輶紀行》[20]
】【Quintilian
on Hesiod
[1] 《中文筆記》第一冊 646 頁。
[2] “之人”原作“之文”。
[3] 以上卷一。
[4] 張衡《平子賦》。
[5] “詩學纂聞”原作“詩學纂言”。
[6] 以上卷二。
[7] 卷六。
[8] 卷十二。
[9] “卷十二”原作“同”。
[10] “有縻於爵而趨者”前原重一“有”字。
[11] 卷二十。
[12] 卷二十一。
[13] 《中文筆記》第一冊 646 頁。
[14] “皆易為美”原作“皆易為人”。
[15] 《中文筆記》第一冊 647 頁。原文書名未劃底線。
[16] “Nietzsche”原作“Nitzche”。Priscilla Wakefield, Leisure hours; or, Entertaining dialogues,
[17] 《中文筆記》第一冊 648 頁。原文書名未劃底線。此節筆記可參觀先生牛津大學副博士 (B. Litt.) 學位論文 “China in the English Literature of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries” (Bodleian Library, Oxforford University, cat. no. MS B. Litt. d. 288; later published in Quarterly Bulletin of Chinese Bibliography, I, 1940, pp. 351-84)。范旭侖《少年情事宛留痕》：“《傳燈錄》筆記前一葉為錢先生學位論文草稿，中有畫像，即楊絳《錢鍾書與圍城》所記‘他給我畫了一幅肖像，添上眼鏡和鬍子，聊以過癮’者。”
[18] “Asia”原作“Africa”，原文書名未劃底線。
[19] 《中文筆記》第一冊 648 頁。
[20] “康輶紀行”原作“康輶紀聞”。
[21] “Quintilian”原作“Quintillian”。
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