一件小事

鲁迅

      我从乡下跑到京城里，一转眼已经六年了。其间耳闻目睹的所谓国家大事，算起来也很不少；但在我心里，都不留什么痕迹，倘要我寻出这些事的影响来说，便只是增长了我的坏脾气，——老实说，便是教我一天比一天的看不起人。
      但有一件小事，却于我有意义，将我从坏脾气里拖开，使我至今忘记不得。
      这是民国六年的冬天，大北风刮得正猛，我因为生计关系，不得不一早在路上走。一路几乎遇不见人，好容易才雇定了一辆人力车，教他拉到S门去。不一会，北风小了，路上浮尘早已刮净，剩下一条洁白的大道来，车夫也跑得更快。刚近S门，忽而车把上带着一个人，慢慢地倒了。
      跌倒的是一个女人，花白头发，衣服都很破烂。伊从马路上突然向车前横截过来；车夫已经让开道，但伊的破棉背心没有上扣，微风吹着，向外展开，所以终于兜着车把。幸而车夫早有点停步，否则伊定要栽一个大斤斗，跌到头破血出了。
      伊伏在地上；车夫便也立住脚。我料定这老女人并没有伤，又没有别人看见，便很怪他多事，要自己惹出是非，也误了我的路。
      我便对他说，“没有什么的。走你的罢！”
      车夫毫不理会，——或者并没有听到，——却放下车子，扶那老女人慢慢起来，搀着臂膊立定，问伊说：
      “你怎么啦？”
      “我摔坏了。”
      我想，我眼见你慢慢倒地，怎么会摔坏呢，装腔作势罢了，这真可憎恶。车夫多事，也正是自讨苦吃，现在你自己想法去。
      车夫听了这老女人的话，却毫不踌躇，仍然搀着伊的臂膊，便一步一步的向前走。我有些诧异，忙看前面，是一所巡警分驻所，大风之后，外面也不见人。这车夫扶着那老女人，便正是向那大门走去。
      我这时突然感到一种异样的感觉，觉得他满身灰尘的后影，刹时高大了，而且愈走愈大，须仰视才见。而且他对于我，渐渐的又几乎变成一种威压，甚而至于要榨出皮袍下面藏着的“小”来。
      我的活力这时大约有些凝滞了，坐着没有动，也没有想，直到看见分驻所里走出一个巡警，才下了车。
      巡警走近我说，“你自己雇车罢，他不能拉你了。”
      我没有思索的从外套袋里抓出一大把铜元，交给巡警，说，“请你给他……”
      风全住了，路上还很静。我走着，一面想，几乎怕敢想到自己。以前的事姑且搁起，这一大把铜元又是什么意思？奖他么？我还能裁判车夫么？我不能回答自己。
      这事到了现在，还是时时记起。我因此也时时煞了苦痛，努力的要想到我自己。几年来的文治武力，在我早如幼小时候所读过的“子曰诗云"一般，背不上半句了。独有这一件小事，却总是浮在我眼前，有时反更分明，教我惭愧，催我自新，并且增长我的勇气和希望。

A SMALL INCIDENT
(From the "Call to Arms" collection
translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang)

Six years have slipped by since I came from the country to the capital. During that time the number of so-called affairs of state I have witnessed or heard about is far from small, but none of them made much impression. If asked to define their influence on me, I can only say they made my bad temper worse. Frankly speaking, they taught me to take a poorer view of people every day.

One small incident, however, which struck me as significant and jolted me out of my irritability, remains fixed even now in my memory.

It was the winter of 1917, a strong north wind was blustering, but the exigencies of earning my living forced me to be up and out early. I met scarcely a soul on the road, but eventually managed to hire a rickshaw to take me to S-Gate.Presently the wind dropped a little, having blown away the drifts of dust on the road to leave a clean broad highway, and the rickshaw man quickened his pace. We were just approaching S-Gate when we knocked into someone who slowly toppled over.

It was a grey-haired woman in ragged clothes. She had stepped out abruptly from the roadside in front of us, and although the rick-shaw man had swerved, her tattered padded waistcoat, unbuttoned and billowing in the wind, had caught on the shaft. Luckily the rickshaw man had slowed down, otherwise she would certainly have had a bad fall and it might have been a serious accident.

She huddled there on the ground, and the rickshaw man stopped.
As I did not believe the old woman was hurt and as no one else had seen us, I thought this halt of his uncalled for, liable to land him trouble and hold me up.
      "It's all right," I said. "Go on."
      He paid no attention - he may not have heard - but set down the shafts, took the old woman's arm and gently helped her up.
      "Are you all right?" he asked.
      "I hurt myself falling."
       I thought: I saw how slowly you fell, how could you be hurt?
Putting on an act like this is simply disgusting. The rickshaw man asked for trouble, and now he's got it. He'll have to find his own way out.

But the rickshaw man did not hesitate for a minute after hearing the old woman's answer. Still holding her arm, he helped her slowly forward. Rather puzzled by his I looked ahead and saw a police-station. Because of the high wind, there was no one outside. It was there that the rickshaw man was taking the old woman.

Suddenly I had the strange sensation that his dusty retreating figure had in that instant grown larger. Indeed, the further he walked the larger he loomed, until I had to look up to him. At the same time he seemed gradually to be exerting a pressure on me which threatened to overpower the small self hidden under my fur-lined gown.

Almost paralysed at that juncture I sat there motionless, my mind a blank, until a policeman came out. Then I got down from the rickshaw.

The policeman came up to me and said, "Get another rickshaw. He can't take you any further."
On the spur of the moment I pulled a handful of coppers from my coat pocket and handed them to the policeman. "Please give him this," I said.

The wind had dropped completely, but the road was still quiet.
As I walked along thinking, I hardly dared to think about myself.
Quite apart from what had happened earlier, what had I meant by that handful of coppers? Was it a reward? Who was I to judge the rickshaw man? I could give myself no answer.

Even now, this incident keeps coming back to me. It keeps distressing me and makes me try to think about myself. The politics and the fighting of those years have slipped my mind as completely as the classics I read as a child. Yet this small incident keeps coming back to me, often more vivid than in actual life, teaching me shame, spurring me on to reform, and imbuing me with fresh courage and fresh hope.

译者：杨宪益和他夫人戴乃迭简介

    9月17日，中国翻译协会在京举行仪式，授予我国著名文学翻译家、外国文学研究专家杨宪益先生翻译文化终身成就奖。中国外文局常务副局长、中国翻译协会常务副会长郭晓勇，中国外文局副局长、中国翻译协会副会长黄友义为杨宪益先生颁发了荣誉证书。

　　郭晓勇在颁奖仪式上表示，杨宪益先生学贯中西，为中外文化交流尤其是中国文化走向世界作出了卓贡献。他翻译的中国文学作品，从先秦文学到现当代文学，跨度之大、数量之多、质量之高、影响之深，中国翻译界无人企及。特别是他与夫人戴乃迭联袂翻译的英译本《红楼梦》，已成为最受中外学者和读者认可和推崇的经典译作。

　　在颁奖仪式上，杨宪益先生谦逊地表示，自己有兴趣做了些文学翻译，但成就很少，甚至可以说没有什么成就。他认为，中国的东西对外介绍得还远远不够。他还寄语青年翻译工作者对自己的文化要多了解一点，多看一些书。

　　杨宪益先生译著等身，他与夫人戴乃迭合作，把《楚辞》、《离骚》、《史记选》、《青春之歌》、《鲁迅选集》等大量中国古今文学名著译成英文，同时把阿里斯托芬、荷马、萧伯纳等欧洲古今文学家的名著译成中文。此外，他还撰有《译余偶拾》、《零墨新笺》等学术著作多种。

　　翻译文化终身成就奖由中国翻译协会于2006年设立，是表彰翻译家个人的最高荣誉奖项。到目前为止，杨宪益先生是获得该奖项的第二位翻译家。2006年9月26日，季羡林先生成为首位翻译文化终身成就奖获得者。

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