非谓语动词之分词
分词分为2种：现在分词和过去分词。
两种分词之间的根本区别是：现在分词____________________________；过去分词_______________________________________________。
一、 分词作定语
共同点：分词作定语时,如果分词只是一个单词,那么,该分词就位于其所修饰的名词之_____; 如果是分词短语,那么,该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之_____,它的作用相当于一个_____从句.
不同点： 分词作定语时,被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语.但_____分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;而_____分词则表示被动关系,所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生.
例1 . There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.
A . followed  B. following  C. to be followed  D. being followed
例2 . The Olympic Games , ____ in 776 B . C . , didn't include women until 1912.
A . first holding  B . to be first held C . first held  D . to be holding
例3 . What's the language ____ in Germany?
A . speaking  B . spoken   C . be spoken   D . to speak
例4 . Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa.
A . invited   B . to invite   C . being invited  D . had been invited
例5 . The computer centre, ____ last year , is very popular among the students in this school.
A . open   B . opening   C . having opened  D . opened
例6 . The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A . having written B . to be written C . being written  D . written
二、分词作表语
共同点：
不同点：
例1 . This news sounds ____ .
A . encouraging  B . encouraged   C . encourage  D . to encourage
例2 . -How did Bob do in the exams this time?
-Well , his father seems ____ with his results .
A . pleasing   B . please    C . pleased   D . to please
三、分词作宾语补足语
共同点：
不同点：
例1 . The next morning she found the man ____ in bed , dead .
A . lying    B . lie     C . lay    D . laying
例2 . -Good morning . Can I help you?
-I'd like to have the package ____ , madam .
A . be weighed  B . to be weighed  C . to weigh  D . weighed
四、分词作状语
共同点：
不同点：
例1 . ____ from the top of the mountain, you can find our school very small.
  ____ from the top of the mountain, our school looks very small.
A . To see   B . Seeing    C . Seen   D . Saw
例2 . ____ a reply , he decided to write again .
A . Not receiving      B . Receiving not
C . Not having received     D . Having not received
例3 . The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks , ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here .
A . having added B . to add    C . adding   D . added
例4 . "Can't you read "Mary said ____ to the notice .
A . angrily pointing      B . and point angrily
C . angrily pointed      D . and angrily pointing
例五：Being a child, he couldn’t answer such a question. ________
Just then, the rain came pouring down. ________
Having finished his homework, he went to bed.  ________
Given better attention, they could have done it better. ________
Lost in thought, he didn’t notice you come in. ________
分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主构或 with 复合结构来替代.(此时,也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语.)
例:The murderer was brought in , with his hands ____ behind his back .
A . being tied  B . having tied   C . to be tied  D . tied
【分词】
一、用适当的非谓语动词形式填空：
1. She caught the student _______________ (cheat) in exams.
2. When I got there, I found him _______________ (repair) farm tools.
3. When I got there, I found the farm tools _______________ (repair)
4. Just then he heard someone _______________ (call) for help.
5. He worked so hard that he got his pay _______________  . (raise)
6. The missing boys were last seen _______________ (play) near the river.
7. _________ (compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.
8. The workers had the machines _______________ (run) all night long to finish the work on time.
9. People in the south have their houses _______________ (make of ) bamboo.
10. ______________ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
二、改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语：
1. Look round when you cross the street.
 
2. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.
 
3. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.
 
4. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.
 
5. A cold rain was falling.  It was mixed with snow.
 
6. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.
 
7. The old man walked slowly.  He was supported by his little grandson.
 
8. The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.
 
9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.
 
10. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.

三、单选：
1. ＿ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed     B. To dress    C. Dressing    D. Having dressed
2. The film was made ＿ on a true old story.
A. base      B. to be based   C. based     D. basing
3. When ＿ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed    B. completing   C. being completed   D. to be completed
4. ＿ to his research, he almost forgot everything.
A. Devoting    B. Devoted    C. To devote    D. Devote
5. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.
A. Fixed     B. Fixing    C. Fix     D. To fix
6. ＿ on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.
A. Fixed     B. Fixing    C. Fix     D. To fix
7.The old engineer talked of the difficulty they  ＿ the tower.
A. built     B. had building  C. had built    D. build
8. ＿ the past, our life is becoming much better.
A. Comparing with      B. Be compared with   
C. To compare with       D. Compared with
9. The boy was last seen  ＿near the East Lake.
A. playing    B. play     C. played    D. to play
10.Tom was very unhappy for  ＿ to the party.
A. having not been invited       B. not having invited  
C. having not invited            D. not having been invited
11.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door  ＿ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read     B. reads     C. reading    D. to read
12. ＿ of plastics, the machines are easy to carry.
A. To make    B. Having made  C. Being made D. Made
13. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn't make herself ____.
A. hear    B. being hearing  C. to hear   D. heard
14. With trees, flowers and grass _____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look .   A. planting  B. planted  C. to plant  D. to be planted
15. She was glad to see her child well____ care of .
A. take    B. to be taken  C. taken   D. taking
16. ____ the room , the nurse found the tape recorder_____ .
A. Entering; stealing     B. Having entered; to be stolen
C. To have entered; being stolen   D. Entering; gone
17. We are pleased to see the problem_____ so quickly .
A. settled   B. settling  C. be settled  D. having been settled
18. I could feel the wind_____ on my face from an open window.
A. to blow   B. blowing  C. to be blowing  D. blown