加载中…English Today DVD 2. Louise's words
(2014-08-22 05:40:00)
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教育 |
分类： 英文自修 |
(2)
Hi again! Anne's a bit difficult isn't
she?
Now this is a lesson about "some" and "any".
Remember Peter said: "can I have some coffee and some biscuits?".
Well I want to talk to you about that right now. Now in order to
understand "some" and "any" we have to understand the difference
between countable objects and uncountable objects, so these things
here are ingredients to make a wonderful English lemon cake. Let's
divide them into countable objects and uncountable objects, let's
start with these... now these are lemons, countable means you can
count them, uncountable means you can't count them, can you count
these? Yeah! One, two, so these are countable, so "there are some
lemons". Now... what about these? These are nuts, can you count
these? Yeah! One, two, three... etcetera, so there are also
countable, so we say "there are some nuts on the
table".
Now what about this? This is a marmalade... now
cay you count marmalade? Well you can count the container, but not
the marmalade inside, so this is uncountable and we say in English:
"there is some, there is some marmalade". It's a singular verb, so
we put it here, it's uncountable,
OK?
Now... let's look at this, what's this? This is
salt, salt... now is this countable or uncountable for you?
Countable or uncountable? Well it is very difficult to count all
the little bits of salt, so this is uncountable, we put it here,
alright?
Now next thing, these two eggs, countable?
Uncountable? One, two, countable "there are some eggs". This here
is spices, spices, now this you can count, so we say "there are
some spices". What about this? Milk, you can count the bottle, but
can you count the liquid? No, so all liquids are uncountable and we
say "there is some milk" . Now what have we got there? Butter,
butter, can we count that? Well we can count the packet, yes, but
the butter inside? Exactly, no, we can't count butter so "there is
some butter". We put it here, good. Now what's else have we got,
flour, you know flour? Flour we use to make pizza, to make cakes,
is that countable? Exactly it's not countable, it's like salt, like
sugar, like coffee, so we put this here, uncountable. And the last
thing, this, what's this? Water, is water countable? No it's not,
so water goes with the uncountable " there is some
water".
It's quit difficult hey? Let's look at the
screen to see that written, alright? And we will do a general
summary, so we said "countable objects" in the plural, in the
positive form we say: "there are some lemons on the table", "there
are some CDs on the table", "there are some eggs on the table". So
that's countable.
Now the negative is: "there aren't any..." we
use any "there aren't any cigarettes on the table", "there aren't
any biscuits". Important, any for the negative "there aren't any
magazines" for example, alright?
Now questions, here again we use the word "any",
we use "any" in the negative and "any" in the questions, so "are
there any glasses on the table?", "are there any books on the
table?", "are there any pens?". Alright? So "some" in the positive,
"any" in the negative and the question form,
good.
Now let's move on to uncountable objects, these
ones here, the examples are: "There is" singular verb "some sugar
on the table". "There is some flour on the table", "there is some
water on the table" OK? Negative, again we use "any", we say "there
isn't any bread on the table", "there isn't any wine" a liquid "on
the table", "there isn't any chocolate on the table". Alright?
Questions, again with the singular verb and any: "Is there any
money on the table?", "is there any pasta?" Unfortunately not...
and "is there any beer?", OK?
Now I want to add one more thing to this lesson
and it's words "this", "that", "these", "those", let me explain,
with one object you say "this CD" when it's close to you "this CD".
But when it's distant from you, far away, you say "that CD",
"this", "that", alright? We hear this very often, let me take two,
plural, now we say "these CDs", when they're for form you we say
"those CDs", OK? So "these", "those"... one "this", "that", let's
see that on the screen, so, "this book"... plural "these books"
when they're close to you and "that chair" for example and "those
chairs" when they're distant from
you.
That's a big lesson? There's a
lot to remember, so we have "some" and "any", "countable" and
uncountable", "this", "that", "these", "those". You have a lot to
do at home to study there! Anyway, no problem because you're a
great student, so we'll meet again in the studio very soon for some
more English, take care! Bye for now!
The
voice: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pJocBP5
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