加载中…boxplot() 箱线图
(2016-06-08 09:20:34)
标签：
r语言boxplot()箱线图 |
分类： R语言学习 |
| boxplot {graphics} | R Documentation |
Box Plots
Description
Produce box-and-whisker plot(s) of the given (grouped) values.
Usage
boxplot(x, ...)
## S3 method for class 'formula'
boxplot(formula, data = NULL, ..., subset, na.action = NULL)
## Default S3 method:
boxplot(x, ..., range = 1.5, width = NULL, varwidth = FALSE,
notch = FALSE, outline = TRUE, names, plot = TRUE,
border = par("fg"), col = NULL, log = "",
pars = list(boxwex = 0.8, staplewex = 0.5, outwex = 0.5),
horizontal = FALSE, add = FALSE, at = NULL)
Arguments
formula |
类似y~grp这样的公式，其中y是要画的变量，grp是描述分组的变量 |
data |
数据框或列表，其中定义了formula所使用的变量. |
subset |
向量，设置用于画图的子集. |
na.action |
a function which
indicates what should happen when the data contain |
x |
向量，设置用于画图的值. |
... |
其他绘图参数. |
range |
数值，定义从箱子延伸出来的胡须的最大长度. |
width |
数值向量，设置箱子的宽度. |
varwidth |
若=TRUE,每个盒子的宽度与盒子所表示的观察数的平方根相关。若=FALSE，则所有盒子的宽度都是一样的. |
notch |
若=TRUE，就会在箱子上画一个缺口。. |
outline |
逻辑值，是否要画出异常值 |
names |
字符向量，设置每个箱线图的标签 |
boxwex |
a scale factor to be applied to all boxes. When there are only a few groups, the appearance of the plot can be improved by making the boxes narrower. |
staplewex |
staple line width expansion, proportional to box width. |
outwex |
outlier line width expansion, proportional to box width. |
plot |
若=TRUE，画箱线图，若=FALSE，则返回用于画箱线图的统计量，但不画图. |
border |
设置箱线图外框的颜色. |
col |
字符向量，设置每个箱线图的背景色. |
log |
字符，设置是否需要做对数变换. |
pars |
传递给bxp的图形参数. |
horizontal |
逻辑值，设置箱子是横向的还是纵向的. |
add |
逻辑值，谁知箱子是否画到现有的图上. |
at |
数值向量，设置箱线图的位置. |
See Also
boxplot.stats bxp stripchart
Examples
## boxplot on a formula:
boxplot(count ~ spray, data = InsectSprays, col = "lightgray")
# *add* notches (somewhat funny here):
boxplot(count ~ spray, data = InsectSprays,
notch = TRUE, add = TRUE, col = "blue")
boxplot(decrease ~ treatment, data = OrchardSprays,
log = "y", col = "bisque")
rb <- boxplot(decrease ~ treatment, data = OrchardSprays, col = "bisque")
title("Comparing boxplot()s and non-robust mean +/- SD")
mn.t <- tapply(OrchardSprays$decrease, OrchardSprays$treatment, mean)
sd.t <- tapply(OrchardSprays$decrease, OrchardSprays$treatment, sd)
xi <- 0.3 + seq(rb$n)
points(xi, mn.t, col = "orange", pch = 18)
arrows(xi, mn.t - sd.t, xi, mn.t + sd.t,
code = 3, col = "pink", angle = 75, length = .1)
## boxplot on a matrix:
mat <- cbind(Uni05 = (1:100)/21, Norm = rnorm(100),
`5T` = rt(100, df = 5), Gam2 = rgamma(100, shape = 2))
boxplot(as.data.frame(mat),
main = "boxplot(as.data.frame(mat), main = ...)")
par(las = 1) # all axis labels horizontal
boxplot(as.data.frame(mat), main = "boxplot(*, horizontal = TRUE)",
horizontal = TRUE)
## Using 'at = ' and adding boxplots -- example idea by Roger Bivand :
boxplot(len ~ dose, data = ToothGrowth,
boxwex = 0.25, at = 1:3 - 0.2,
subset = supp == "VC", col = "yellow",
main = "Guinea Pigs' Tooth Growth",
xlab = "Vitamin C dose mg",
ylab = "tooth length",
xlim = c(0.5, 3.5), ylim = c(0, 35), yaxs = "i")
boxplot(len ~ dose, data = ToothGrowth, add = TRUE,
boxwex = 0.25, at = 1:3 + 0.2,
subset = supp == "OJ", col = "orange")
legend(2, 9, c("Ascorbic acid", "Orange juice"),
fill = c("yellow", "orange"))
## more examples in help(bxp)
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