进行曲
(2024-02-03 20:56:45)
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进行曲音乐形式百科全书翻译 |
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MARCH, A musical composition to accompany processions, especially military processions. Marches are written in duple meter, corresponding to the beat of marching feet. In order to keep the beat, drums are an important component of instrumental groups, usually bands, playing marches. March tempos are generally fast to stimulate quick movement, although slow marches have been written for stately occasions, such as funerals and coronations.
进行曲,一种为行进队伍伴奏的音乐作品,尤其是军事队伍。进行曲是以二拍子写成,节拍与行军的步伐相对应。为保持节拍,鼓是乐器组,通常是乐队演奏进行曲的重要组成部分。为刺激快速移动,进行曲的节奏通常都很快,尽管缓慢的进行曲是为庄严的场合而写的,比如葬礼和加冕礼。
The march, of ancient origin, has been used in operas, symphonies, and other forms of classical music by such composers as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Marriage of Figaro, 1786), Ludwig van Beethoven (Eroica Symphony, 1804), Franz Schubert (Marches Militaires, before 1826), Richard Wagner (Tannhauser, 1845), and Giuseppe Verdi (Aida, 1871).
起源于古代的进行曲,已被一些作曲家用于歌剧、交响曲,以及其它的古典音乐形式中,如沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特(《费加罗的婚礼》,1786年),路德维希·范·贝多芬(《英雄交响曲》,1804),弗朗茨·舒伯特(《军队进行曲》,1826年之前),理查德·瓦格纳(《汤豪瑟》,1845年),以及朱塞佩·威尔第(《阿伊达》,1871年)。
Composers who have become noted specifically for their march music include, in England, Sir Edward Elgar, with his Imperial March (1897) and five Pomp and circumstance marches (1902—1930) and, in the United States, John Philip Sousa, called the “March King,” with his Washington Post (1889) and Stars and Stripes Forever (1897).
因其进行曲而特别著名的作曲家包括,英国的爱德华·埃尔加爵士与他的《帝国进行曲》(1897年)和五首《威风凛凛进行曲》(1902年至1930年),和美国的约翰·菲力浦·苏萨,以其《华盛顿邮报》进行曲(1889年)和《星条旗永不落》进行曲(1897年)被誉为“进行曲之王”。
(译者注:该词条位列《大美百科全书》1985年版,第18卷,第301页)