罗曼·罗兰
(2023-10-30 15:58:03)
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罗曼·罗兰作家百科全书翻译 |
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ROLLAND, ROMAIN (1866—1944), French writer, who was awarded the 1915 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in Clamecy on Jan. 29, 1866, and educated at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand and the Ecole Normale Spuerieure in Paris.
罗曼·罗兰(1886年至1944年),法国作家,1915年被授予了诺贝尔文学奖。1866年1月29日,他出生在克莱姆西,并在巴黎路易中学和巴黎高等师范学校接受了教育。
Rolland’s biography and fiction celebrate the spiritual struggles of great artists. A lyrical biography of Beethoven (1903), followed by studies of Michelangelo (1908) and Tolstoy (1911), appealed to European Humanistic values, receiving warm acclaim. Jean Christophe (1906—1912) initiated the roman fleuve (saga novel) of the 20th century. It tells in detail the story of a musical genius of German birth who makes France his second home. Set in pre-1914 Europe, it emphasizes the kinship of Germany and France by extolling the life of the mind. With his close friend the poet Charles Peguy, he campaigned for justice in the Dreyfus case. At age 74 he wrote an original biography of Peguy, interweaving events from the poet’s life with excerpts from his poetry and prose.
罗兰的人物传记和小说赞美了伟大艺术家的精神斗争。贝多芬的抒情传记(1903年),接着是对米开朗基罗和托尔斯泰的研究,吸引了欧洲人文主义的价值观,受到了热烈好评。《约翰·克里斯朵夫》(1906年至1912年)开创了20世纪的 roman fleuve(传奇小说)。它详细讲述了一位德国出生的音乐天才将法国作为他第二故乡的故事。故事发生在1914年前的欧洲,它通过赞颂精神生活强调了德国与法国的亲近感。他与他的亲密朋友,诗人查尔斯·佩吉一起为德雷福斯案争取正义。74岁时,他撰写了一部以佩吉为原形的传记,将诗人生活中的事件与其诗歌和散文的摘录交织在一起。
THREE dramas of the French Revolution—The Wolves (1898), Danton (1900), and The Fourteenth of July (1902)—are renowned for their historical value. Rolland’s later works of fiction are entitled Colas Breugnon (1919) and The Enchanted Soul (1922—1923), another saga tale, whose central character is a woman.
法国大革命的三部戏剧--《群狼》(1898年),《丹东》(1900年)和《七月十四日》(1902年)--因它们的历史价值而闻名。罗兰的后期作品叫做《哥拉·布勒尼翁》(1919年)和《施了魔法的灵魂》(1922年至1923年),另一部传奇故事,中心人物是一位女人。
Rolland was one of the few great literary voices to denounce the horrors of war. His internationalist views and pacifist advocacy made him somewhat unpopular in France. However, Gorki called Rolland the Tolstoy of France.
罗兰是少数不多的谴责战争恐怖的伟大文学声音之一。他的国际主义者观点以及和平主义者的倡议使他在法国有些不受欢迎。然而,高尔基称他为法国的托尔斯泰。
Rolland died in Vezelay on Dec. 30, 1944. Today his biographies are more appreciated than the novel form he introduced that takes the hero or heroine from the cradle to the grave.
1944年12月30日,罗兰在韦泽莱去世。今天,相比他将男女主角从摇篮带入坟墓所引入的小说形式,他的人物传记更受欢迎。
(译者注:该词条位列《大美百科全书》1985年版,第23卷,第638页)