【课堂笔记】八年级下册 Unit 1        外文教与学   

重点短语                

be in control of 掌管;管理        

because of 由于        

fall down 摔倒        

feel sick 感到恶心        

get an X-ray 拍X 光片        

get into trouble 造成麻烦        

get off 下车        

get out of 离开;从……出来        

give up 放弃        

go along 沿着……走        

go to a doctor 看医生        

have a cold 受凉;感冒        

have a cough 咳嗽        

have a fever 发烧        

have a heart problem 有心脏病        

have a nosebleed 流鼻血        

have a sore back 背疼        

have a sore throat 喉咙痛        

have a stomachache 胃疼        

have a toothache    牙疼        

have problems breathing 呼吸困难        

hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶        

in a difficult situation 在闲境中        

in the same way 以同样的方式        

in time 及时        

keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事        

make a decision 做出决定        

on the side of the road 在马路边        

right away 立刻；马上        

run out (of) 用完;用尽        

see a dentist 看牙医        

shout for help 大声呼救        

so that 以便        

so...that...         如此……         以至于……        

sound like 听起来像        

take one's temperature 量体温        

take risks 冒险        

talk too much    说得太多        

thanks to 多亏了 ；由于       

 to one's surprise 另某人惊讶的是        

without thinking twice 没有多想            

词法精选            

1．I have a stomachache.        我胃痛。        

(1) stomachache为可数名词，意为“胃痛；腹痛”。在英语中，一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache(疼痛)，可以构成合成名词。如：headache头疼；toothache牙痛；backache背痛。        

(2) have a＋以上合成名词，意为“……痛”。如：        

Mary didn't come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache.        昨天玛丽因为胃痛没来上学。        

2．drink some hot tea with honey        

喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶        

(1) with作介词，意为“具有；带有”，表示某物带有或具有某种特征。如：        She is a girl with big eyes.        她是一个大眼睛女孩。        (2)with的反义词为without，意为“没有”。如：       

 I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.        

我认为我保持同一个姿势一动不动地坐太久了。       

3．see sb.do sth.和see sb.doing sth.的区别        

(1) see sb.do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”(看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生)。如：       

 I often see him play basketball on the playground.        

我经常看见他在操场上打篮球。       

(2) see sb.doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”(强调动作正在发生)。如：       

 I saw him playing basketball on the playground just now.        

刚才我看见他正在操场上打篮球。        

4．in time和on time的区别        

in time表示“及时”，指在约定的时间之前发生。on time表示“准时；按时”，指正好在约定的时间发生。如：        

We hope you will arrive in time to attend the meeting.        

我们希望你能及时赶来参加这个会议。        

I'll write to your father if you aren't here on time tomorrow. 

   倘若你明天不准时到的话，我就要写信告诉你父亲。        

5．be used to taking risks    习惯于冒险        

(1) 在“be used to”这个结构中，to是介词，它后面接名词、代词或者动名词，不能跟动词原形。此外，“be used to”有各种时态的变化。如：        

She is used to that way of learning English.        

她习惯用那种方法学习英语。        

He has been used to playing basketball after school.        

他已经习惯于放学后打篮球。        

(2) take risks＝take a risk 冒险，risk为名词。risk也可作及物动词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。

如：risk one's life 冒着某人的生命危险，

risk climbing mountains 冒险爬山。            

句法精析        

1．What's the matter?        怎么了？/出什么事情了？        

用于询问某人身体状况或遇到什么麻烦、问题等。其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。如：       

What's the matter with you?            你怎么了？        

该句的同义句为What's the trouble with you？/ What's your trouble? / What's wrong with you？/ What's up? 等。        

2．She talked too much yesterday and didn't drink enough water.       昨天她说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。       

(1) too much相当于一个副词，修饰动词talk，放在后面作状语，意为“太多”。如：        

She worried too much.        她过于担心了。        

Eating too much is bad for your health.        

吃太多对你的健康有害。        

(2) too much 还可以修饰不可数名词，too much中的中心词是“much”，意为“太多的……”，too是用来修饰much的。如：        There is too much snow and ice.冰雪太多。        

而much too中的中心词是“too”，后面跟形容词或副词，意为“非常；太”。much是用来加强too的语气的。如：        

It's much too cold.天太冷。        

3．His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.        

他是如此地热爱爬山以至于在经历这次事故之后，他仍然继续爬山。        so... that意为“如此……以至于……”，so后面接形容词或副词，that后面为结果状语从句。如：        

He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag easily.        

他如此强壮以至于很容易就提起那个重包。            

语法精讲        

情态动词should的用法        

should意为“应该”，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务。其结构为：主语＋should/shouldn't(shouldn't ＝should not不应该)＋动词原形。如：        

You should lie down and rest.        

你应该躺下休息。        

He shouldn't go to school when he has a cold.        

他感冒时不应该去上学。