21：某天晚上下班的时候，由于司机休假，你们公司的CEO 不得不自己开车。但是他怎么也找不到出楼的路，加上他本来已经比较疲惫了，所以他感到非常恼火。第二天就找人要改善本楼的出入系统，以方便大家进出。而你正是这个出入系统的项目经理，你决定用流程图来做什么事情？

After a long and frustrating day, your company CEO found himself circling the attendant’s booth at the adjacent parking garage in a futile attempt to find his way out of the building (his limousine driver had taken the day off). He approached the building manager the next day and said he would have his staff design an improved system for vehicle egress and ingress. You are the project manager for this project. You decide to use flowcharting to

A：帮助分析问题是如何出现的

Help analyze how problems occur

B：表明任务之间的依赖关系

Show dependencies between tasks

C：说明一个流程的结果

Show the results of a process

D：预测未来成果

Forecast future outcomes

正确答案：A

解析：PMBOK2012 中参考8.1.2.3

七种基本质量工具：流程图

 

22：一项目经理正在管理他第二个项目，第二个项目在第一个项目开始一个月后启动，两个项目同时进行中。尽管第一个项目很小，但规模与日俱增。每经历一天，项目经理就越加感到需要帮助。最近，项目经理听说去年公司某一项目和自己的第二个项目非常相似，项目经理该如何做？

A project manager is managing his second project. It started one month after the first and both are ongoing. Though his first project is small, this one seems to be growing in size every day. As each day passes, the project manager is beginning to feel more and more in need of help. The project manager has recently heard that there was another project in the company last year that is similar to his second project. What should he do?

A：联系那位项目经理寻求帮助。

Contact the other project manager and ask for assistance.

B：从PMO处获取历史记录及指导原则。 

Obtain historical records and guidance from the PMO.

C：等待并确定项目是否会受到范围扩大的影响

Wait to see if the project is impacted by the growth in scope.

D：确保所有干系人同意项目范围。

Make sure the scope for the project is agreed to by all the stakeholders.

正确答案：B

解析：这里再次提到，项目经理能做很多事情。

A不是最佳选项，因为其他项目经理也许不是个经验丰富的导师，他的建议或许不充分，不能对现任项目经理有多大帮助。

C是被动接受，但项目经理应该积极应对。

D不是最佳选项，也许对项目有所帮助，但不能从实质上解决题干所描述的问题。如果直接联系PMO，项目经理会收到很多项目经理的反馈经验、类似项目的历史信息等，进而得到对自己有用的信息。

 

23：下列哪一项属于控制质量的范畴？

Which of the following is an example of quality control?

A：确定项目和产品的质量要求和|或标准

Identify quality requirements and \ or standards for the project and product

B：确定工作是否能持续改进

Determine whether the work is continuously improving

C：提出措施建议，清除不合格产品性能的根本原因

Recommend action to eliminate the root causes of unsatisfactory product performance

D：确定项目活动是否符合组织和项目政策

Determine whether project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures

正确答案：C

解析：根据题意，A是规划，B是保证，D是质量审计，排除法答案C，而且寻找根本原因解决问题是质量控制。

参见PMBOK2012 中 8.3。

考点：控制质量。

 

24：项目经理发现，某一工作包实际花费比预算少很多。以下都是首先要考虑做的事情，除了：

A project manager discovers that a work package has been completed for substantially less cost than planned. Which of the following is NOT among the first things to consider doing?

A：确保遵循了所有的项目流程。

Make sure all project processes were followed.

B：确保合理地使用了资源。

Make sure the right resources were used.

C：确保所有工作已经完成。

Make sure all the work was done.

D：识别增加结果的各种方法。

Identify ways to increase the result.

正确答案：D

解析：本题考察的是怎样进行偏差分析。做偏差分析的时候，应该对照估算成本时所需考虑的各个因素进行一一对照。A, B, C分别从工作程序，资源，以及范围基准等方面对可能造成成本偏差的原因进行考察，从而了解导致成本偏低的原因，并由此确定是否需要采取纠正措施。选项D是在了解了成本偏差根本原因的基础上的经验总结和举一反三活动。但它不是首先需要考虑的事情。

 

25：如果冲突双方虽不配合但也不固执，应该使用下列哪一项冲突解决技术?

Which of the following conflict resolution techniques is used when the conflicting parties are uncooperative and unassertive?

A：回避

Withdrawal

B：面对

Confrontation

C：妥协

Compromise

D：缓解

Smoothing

正确答案：C

解析：妥协这是谈判的一个组成部分，谈判是指两个以上的个人或团体彼此有着共同且相互排斥的利益，通过讨论各种可能达成协议方案的过程。

 

26：在哪个项目管理过程组中识别干系人？

Stakeholders can be identified in which project management process groups?

A：启动、规划、执行、监控和收尾过程组

Initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing

B：启动和规划过程组

Initiating and planning

C：规划和监控过程组

Planning and monitoring and controlling

D：监控和收尾过程组

Monitoring and controlling and closing

正确答案：A

解析：项目管理的各个过程组都应该识别项目干系人，当然，干系人识别的越早，对项目发展越有利。如果在项目计划决定前或项目开始前就考虑所有项目干系人则的需求，后续变更就会很少发生，也给项目节约很多成本。

 

27：项目经理向项目赞助人通知了一项重大项目超支，赞助人想知道为什么没有较早通知该情况。在赞助人反馈前，项目经理本应采取何种措施解决该问题

A project manager advises the project sponsors of a significant project cost overrun. The sponsors want to know why they were not advised earlier of this situation. What should the project manager have done to address this issue prior to the sponsors' feedback?

A：制定沟通计划，处理项目利害关系者的需求

Create a communication plan to address the needs of the project stakeholders

B：邀请项目赞助人参加团队会议进行定期更新

Invite the project sponsors to team meeting for regular updates

C：将意外支出加入项目预算，从而将超支纳入项目成本

Add contingency to the project budget so overspend is absorbed into project costs

D：消减项目资源以紧急弥补成本超支

Cut back on project resources to the project to recover cost overrun as a matter of urgency

正确答案：A

解析：根据题干描述，是沟通问题导致的这种情况，所以答案A。

参见PMBOK2012 中 10.1.3.1。

考点：沟通管理计划。

 

28：项目团队满足项目工期，但却超出预算。关键干系人正式验收可交付成果，且项目团队完成了事后审查，项目团队应该创建哪一份报告？

The project team met the project timeline, but exceeded the budget. They key stakeholders formally accept the deliverables and the project team completes the postmortem review. What report should the project team create?

A：项目管理报告

Project management report

B：项目收尾报告

Project closure report

C：成本和利润报告

Cost and profit report

D：最终状态报告

Final status report

正确答案：B

解析：参见PMBOK2012 中 4.6.3.2 项目或阶段收尾文件。

考点：收尾文件/收尾报告。

 

29：项目经理利用一种进度网络分析技术，为每项活动都定义了可能的活动工期分布范围，项目经理应该使用下列哪一项技术来计算整个项目的可能结果分布？

A project manager uses a schedule network analysis technique in which a distribution range of probable activity durations is defined for each activity. Which of the following techniques should the project manager use to calculate a distribution of possible outcomes for the total project?

A：资源平衡

Resource leveling

B：蒙特卡洛分析

Monte Carlo analysis

C：关键链技术

Critical Chain technique

D：因果分析

Cause and effect analysis

正确答案：B

解析：参见PMBOK2012 中 P156 6.6.2.5

最常用的模拟技术是蒙特卡洛分析，它首先确定每个活动的可能持续时间概率分布，然后据此计算出整个项目的可能工期概率分布，答案B。

考点：蒙特卡洛分析。

 

30：由于生产线错误和缺陷,制造商正面临大量产品退货,产品经理怀疑根本原因可能是培训和/或库存采购和货物分类流程较差，若要确定生产问题的准确的、根本原因,应使用下列哪一项工具?

A manufacturer is experiencing a large number of returned items due to production line errors and defects. The product manager suspects that the root causes may be training and/or poor inventory purchasing and sorting processes.Which to should be utilized to determine the precise root causes of the production problems?

A：帕累托图

Pareto chart

B：直方图

Histogram

C：质量控制图

Quality control chart

D：石川图

Ishikawa diagram

正确答案：D

解析：因果图，又称石川图或鱼骨图，直观地显示各种因素如何与潜在问题或结果相联系。参考8.1.2.3七种基本质量工具：因果图。