蚕女的故事
(2014-10-07 19:10:30)
标签:
情感 |
很久以前,还是在书籍和诗文非常稀罕非常珍贵的文革时期,偶然从冯至的诗中读到这个美丽而残酷的故事,从此便难以忘怀。
那时还没有上大学,更没有读过《搜神记》一类的原著,手中只有一本《冯至诗选》。书中给我印象最深的两首诗,一是《北游》,一是《蚕马》。
“在那荒远的岁月里边,有多少苍凉的情感。”——这样的诗句,颇适合当年的心境。没有希望,没有憧憬,只有生理和心理的饥渴,犹如诗中那匹不能说话的马,犹如那位在寂寞中虚度岁月的少女。这一来自远古的神话,经由诗人魔咒般的召唤和点化,在我心中起了深深的共鸣……
从那以后,40年过去了。经过几次搬家,冯至的诗集早已遗失。但在与图书馆、书斋和互联网做伴的漫长日子里,不仅读到了曾以简洁的语言记载过这一传说的《搜神记》,今天还意外地从互联网上,读到了这个故事的英文版。于是禁不住要把三个版本同时发在这里留作纪念,也希望有网友对这些文字——无论是古代汉语、现代汉语还是英语——生出共鸣。语言,在我看来,其本质就是诗,就是心与心之间一条神秘的栈道……
冯至:《蚕马》(文字来自互联网)
一
溪旁开遍了红花,
天边染上了春霞,
我的心里燃起火焰,
我悄悄地走到她的窗前,
我说,姑娘啊,
蚕儿正在初眠,
你的情怀可曾觉得疲倦?
只要你听着我的歌声落了泪,
就不必探出窗儿来问我“你是谁?”
在那时,年代真荒远,
路上少行车,水上不见船,
在那荒远的岁月里边,
有多少苍凉的情感。
是一个可怜的少女,
没有母亲,父亲又远离,
临行的时候嘱咐她:
“好好地耕种着这几亩田地!”
旁边一匹白色的骏马,
父亲眼望着女儿,手指着它,
“它会驯良地帮助你耕作,
它是你忠实的伴侣!”
女儿不懂得什么是别离,
不知父亲往天涯,还是海际?
依旧是风风雨雨,
可是田园呀,一天比天天荒寂。
“父亲呀,你几时才能够回来,
真像是汪洋的大海;
马,你可能渡我到海的那边,
去寻找父亲的笑脸?
她望着眼前的衰花枯叶;
轻抚着骏马的鬣毛。
“如果有一个亲爱的青年,
他必定肯为我到处去寻找!”
她的心内这样想,
天边浮着将落的太阳,
好像有一个含笑的青年,
在她的面前荡漾。
忽然一声响亮的嘶鸣,
把她的痴梦惊醒;
骏马已经投入了远远的平芜,
同时也消逝了她面前的幻影!
二
温暖的柳絮成团,
彩色的蝴蝶翩翩,
我心里正燃烧着火焰,
我悄悄地走到她的窗前,
我说,姑娘啊,
蚕儿正在三眠,
你的情怀可曾觉得疲倦?
只要你听着我的歌声落了泪,
那就不必探出窗儿问我,“你是谁?”
荆刺生遍了她的田园,
烦闷占据了她的日夜,
在她那寂静的窗前,
只叫着喳喳的麻雀!
一天又靠着窗儿发呆,
路上远远地起了尘埃;
(她早已不做这个梦了,
这个梦早已在她的梦外。)
现在呀,远远地起了尘埃,
骏马找到了父亲归来!
父亲骑在骏马的背上,
马的嘶鸣变成和谐的歌唱!
父亲吻着女儿的鬓边,
女儿拂着父亲的征尘;
马却跪在她的身边,
止不住全身的汗水淋淋。
父亲像宁静的大海,
她正如莹晶的皎月,
月投入海的深怀,
净化了这烦闷的世界!
只是马跪在她的床边,
整夜地涕泗涟涟,
目光好像明灯两盏,
“姑娘啊,我为你走遍了天边!”
她拍着马头向它说,
“快快地去到田里工作!
你不要这样的癫痴,
提防着父亲要杀掉了你!”
它一些儿鲜草也不咽,
羊瓢儿清水也不饮,
不是向着她的面庞长叹,
就是昏昏地在她的身边睡寝。
三
黄色的蘼芜已经凋残,
到处飞翔黑衣的海燕,
我的心里还燃着余焰,
我悄悄地走到她的窗前。
我说,姑娘啊,蚕儿正在织茧,
你的情怀可曾觉得疲倦?
只要你听着我的歌声落了泪,
那就不必探出窗儿问我,“你是谁?”
空空旷旷的黑夜里,
窗外是狂风暴雨;
壁上悬挂着一件马皮,
是她唯一的伴侣,
亲爱的父亲,你今夜
又流离在哪里?
你把这匹骏马杀掉了,
我又是凄凉,又是恐惧!
“亲爱的父亲,
电光闪闪,雷声响,
你丢下了你的女儿,
又是恐惧,又是凄凉!”
“亲爱的姑娘,
你不要凄凉,不要恐惧!
我愿生生世世保护你,
保护着你的身体!”
马皮里发出沉重的语声,
她的心儿怦怦,发儿悚悚;
电光射透了她的全身,
皮又随着雷声闪动。
随着风声哀诉,
伴着雨滴悲啼,
“我生生世世地保护你,
只要你好好地睡去!”
一瞬间是个青年的幻影,
一瞬间是那骏马的狂奔;
在大地将要崩颓的一瞬,
马皮紧紧裹住了她的全身!
姑娘啊,我的歌儿还没有唱完,
可是我的琴弦已断;
我惴惴地坐在你的窗前,
要唱完最后的一段,
一霎时风雨都停住,
皓月收了雷和电;
马皮裹住了她的身体,
月光中变成了雪白的蚕茧!
(1925)
《搜神记》:传说有蚕女。父为人掠去,惟所乘马在。母曰:“有得父还者,以女嫁焉。”马闻言,绝绊而去。数日,父乘马归。母告之故,父不可。马咆哮,父杀之,曝皮于庭。皮忽卷女而去,栖于桑,女化为蚕。
THE GIRL WITH THE HORSE’S HEAD, or,
THE SILKWORM GODDESS
Probably written by Richard Wilhelm
Translated into English by Frederick Martens
IN the dim ages of the past there once was an old man who went on a journey. No one remained at home save his only daughter and a white stallion. The daughter fed the horse day by day, but she was lonely and yearned for her father.
So it happened that one day she said in jest to the horse: “If you will bring back my father to me then I will marry you!”
No sooner had the horse heard her say this, than he broke loose and ran away. He ran until he came to the place where her father was. When her father saw the horse, he was pleasantly surprised, caught him and seated himself on his back. And the horse turned back the way he had come, neighing without a pause.
“What can be the matter with the horse?” thought the father. “Something must have surely gone wrong at home!” So he dropped the reins and rode back. And he fed the horse liberally because he had been so intelligent; but the horse ate nothing, and when he saw the girl, he struck out at her with his hoofs and tried to bite her. This surprised the father; he questioned his daughter, and she told him the truth, just as it had occurred.
“You must not say a word about it to any one,” spoke her father, “or else people will talk about us.”
And he took down his crossbow, shot the horse, and hung up his skin in the yard to dry. Then he went on his travels again.
One day his daughter went out walking with the daughter of a neighbor. When they entered the yard, she pushed the horse-hide with her foot and said: “What an unreasonable animal you were—wanting to marry a human being! What happened to you served you right!”
But before she had finished her speech, the horse-hide moved, rose up, wrapped itself about the girl and ran off.
Horrified, her companion ran home to her father and told him what had happened. The neighbors looked for the girl everywhere, but she could not be found.
At last, some days afterward, they saw the girl hanging from the branches of a tree, still wrapped in the horse-hide; and gradually she turned into a silkworm and wove a cocoon. And the threads which she spun were strong and thick. Her girlfriend then took down the cocoon and let her slip out of it; and then she spun the silk and sold it at a large profit.
But the girl’s relatives longed for her greatly. So one day the girl appeared riding in the clouds on her horse, followed by a great company and said: “In heaven I have been assigned to the task of watching over the growing of silkworms. You must yearn for me no longer!” And thereupon they built temples to her in her native land, and every year, at the silkworm season, sacrifices are offered to her and her protection is implored. And the Silkworm Goddess is also known as the girl with the Horse’s Head.