比较状语从句

        比较状语从句表达人或事物的属性或特征的不同程度。主要运用于形容词和副词的原级、比较级及最高级的句子之中。
1. 原级：as…as（和……一样），not so（as）…as …（和不一样）；
2. 比较级：more…than（更）；
3. 最高级：
The most…in/of， the 形容词 est…of/in。

一．原级比较

as 原级 as（第一个as是副词，含“如此”的意思，在主句说明所比内容的程度；第二个as是连词，含“比”或“如此”的意思，引导从句）。例如：
1.    Our classroom is as big as theirs.   我们的课室跟他们的一样大。
2.  I hope you like it as much as I do.   我喜欢你跟我一样喜欢它。
      在这种结构中，比较成分的前面常用表示倍数的词如  
      ···times（···倍），twice（两倍）等来表示相比较的两个成分相差的倍数，通常译作“像···几倍那样多”，“是···的几倍”。例如：
1. The speed of sounds in water is about four times as great as in air.声音在水中的速度是空气中的4倍左右。
2. This book is twice as thin as that one.  这本书的厚度是那本书的二分之一。

     not so / as ···as（不像···那样，不如）。第一个as/so是副词，在主句中作状语，修饰其后的形容词/副词；第二个as是连词，引导从句。not so…as比not as…as用得比较普遍。例如：

1. It is not as easy as you think.   事情并不像你想的那么容易。
2. The work did not go so smoothly as we hoped.   这工作并不像我们希望的那样顺利。

二．比较级

1.  形容词/副词的比较级 than 被比较的对象。表示两个人或事物在某（些）方面的差别。than是连词，引导从句。后面被比较对象如果是名词，多用省略形式，省去与主句中相同的部分。

1. Man grows faster than the planet he inhabits. 人类成长的速度远比他居住的星球快得多。
        注意：
① 从句中的主语（名词）如果与主句中的主语一致，为了避免重复，常用that代替不可数或某
可数名词，用those代替可数复数名词，用one或ones代替可数名词。例如：
   1.  The result of this experiment is better than that of the last one.      这次实验的结果要比上次好。
   2. The students in our class are more diligent than those in their class.  我们班的学生比他们班的学生用功。

      ② 比较状语从句的动词，如果与主句的谓语动词一致，且为行为动词时，常用do（does，did）代替，以免重复。例如：

    1. We have produced even more coal this year than we did that year. 我们今年出产煤要比去年出产得更多。
    2. She drives better than her husband does.  她开车开得比她丈夫好。

        ① “no 比较级 than”（不比···多，不少于）。no是副词，在主句中作状语，修饰形容词或副词的比较级；than是连词，引导从句。例如：
  1. Tom is no less diligent than peter.   汤姆用功不比彼得差。（汤姆和彼得同样用功）
  2. He feels no better today than he did yesterday.他今天的感觉不比昨天好/他今天的感觉跟昨天同样不好。

       ② “ not more than” 不如… (前者不如后者)
　 Jack is not more diligent than John. 杰克不如约翰勤奋。

3． 句型the···the···（越···越···）。即：从句：the 比较级···，主句：the 比较级···
  1. The more we study, the more we discover our ignorance. 我们越学习，就越发现自己无知。
      主句如果是将来时，从句可用现在时代替将来时。例如：
     The longer the treatment is delayed, the worse the prognosis will be. 延误治疗的时间越长，预后越差。

三．最高级

1.  The most…in/of
　　This book is -the three.  这本书是三本中最有趣的。

2.  the 形容词 est…of/in
　　This road is the busiest street in our city. 这条路是我们城市最繁忙的街道。
3.   one of the 名词(复数)….之一(用于最高级)
    Tom is one of the best students in our school.  Tom是我们学校最好的学生之一。

针对性练习填空：
1. He looks ___ ___ ___ a brick wall. (nervous)
2. Drive ___ _______ ___ you can. (safe)
3. His new boss is much ____ ______ _____ his last. (interesting)
4. The car is running less ______ ______ it used to. (smoothly)
5. You are ____ _____ ______ person I’ve met. (annoying)
6. We’ll drive a bit _____ _____ you do, so we’ll get there first. (fast)
7. I like Jack and Tom, but I think  Jack is ____ _____ of the two. (nice)
8. You’re far _____ _____ _____ I am. (tolerant)
9.Is your mother any ____ ____? (relaxed)
10.She’s _____ _____ ______ of the Smith girls. (sensible)
11.Could you come ___ ____ _____ you usually do.
12.Honey is just about ____ ____ ____ sugar. (sweet)
13.Doesn’t Alice look a bit ____ _____ he did last week? (unhappy)
14.What is _____ _____ joke you have ever heard? (funny)
15.We bought _____ _____ boards we could find. (thick)

Key:一、
1. as . as  2.as. as  3.more. than  4. than  5.the most.6.faster than 
7.the nicer  8.more. than  9.more .
10.the most 11.more earlier than  12. as . as  13. . than 
14. the funniest  15. the thickest

二．翻译：
1. 天气不如去年冬天那么冷。

2. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。

3. 他是班里最高的学生。

4. 他跟他哥哥一样刻苦工作。

5. 她是姐妹中最漂亮的一个。

Keys:
二、
1. The weather is not so cold as it was last winter. 
2. He moves more slowly than his sister does.
3. He is the tallest student in the class.
4．He works as hard as his elder brother.
5. She is the most beautiful among her sisters.

短文填空
Dear Jim,
     We’ve moved into the old house at last! The repairs took longer and were more expensive ____ we ___(expect), but living in the old house is just ____ much fun ____ we ___(hope) it would be!
The cleaning wasn’t quite ____ bad ____ we were anticipating (预料)，but of course, ____ more we cleaned, ____ less we enjoyed it! But we knew that the sooner we started, ____  ____ we’d have it all finished.
The actual removal went quit smoothly. Fortunately, the removal men weren’t ____ careless ____ we had feared, so we had fewer breakages ____ expected. The grandfather clock stood up to it all very well!
How are things with you and the family? Is life in New York still ____ busy ____ ever?
Sorry I haven’t written earlier, but as we say, “Better late ____ never!”
Peter

Key:
一、1. as . as  2. as . as  3.more . than  4. . than  5.the most .  6. faster than  7. the nicer  8.more . than  9.more .  10. the most .  11. more earlier than  12. as . as  13. . than  14. the funniest  15. the thickest
二、1. The weather is not so cold as it was last winter. 
2. He moves more slowly than his sister does.
3. He is the tallest student in the class.
4．He works as hard as his elder brother.
5. She is the most beautiful, among her sisters.
三．
than, had expected,as,  as, had hoped,
so  as
the  the 
the sooner  as  as  than  as   as  than