八年级英语（上）Unit 7-2  Memory(广深牛津版）

 

                                         Unit 7 Memory

 

 

Unit 7
单词 词性 意思

memory 
corner 
lose 
improve 
mention 
method 
spelling 
mind 
silly 
mile 
letter 
worth 
spell 
unless 
trouble 
list 
step 
cycle 
similar 
note 
wallet 
basket 
manager 
take out 
pour out 

 P.99

          Henry, Paula and Millie write for the school newspaper. They have written the short articles below to help students improve their memory.

                                      

Memory Corner

 

Henry

      A great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind. If you make the picture big, strange or silly, you will remember it better. For example, to remember the word “smiles”, we can imagine there is a “mile” between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world.

 

Paula

      A good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each letter of the word. For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word “because”, you can use the sentence “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”.

 

Millie

     You will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. For example, you may have trouble remembering the list of steps in the water cycle. However, it is easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.

 

 

一、授课目的与考点分析：

教学重点：Unit 7  Memory

二、教学内容

Getting ready

词性转换

1.lose  v 失去  lost  lost   loss   n. 损失

2.spell v 拼写 spelt, spelt spelling     n  拼写  拼法

3.step  stepped, stepped stepping

4.take  took taken

 

同义词

method= a way of doing something        

trouble=a problem      

step=things that happen in a process

forget = not remember                      

mind= brain

 

How much did it cost?

（1）Cost  spend   take  pay 的区别

（2）lose与miss的区别

      这两个动词都可以表示"丢失","失去"的意思。

lose 语气较强,一般指失去不易找回。

miss有"发现失去"的意思,指东西找不到,但有找到的希望。

e.g.

The man lost a leg in the war. 那个人在战争中失去了一条腿。 

She missed her child in the street. 她在街上把孩子丢了。

        在很多情况下两者可互相替换。

e.g.

I  have lost my umbrella.我把伞丢了。 

On my way home,I missed my umbrella. 回家路上，我发觉我的伞不见了。

 

   作定语时，lose 用过去分词lost形式,

                     miss用现在分词missing形式。

e.g. 

They set out to look for the missing girl at once. 他们立即出发去寻找丢失的女孩。

 

miss可以表示"想念"的意思,

                   lose则不能。例如: 

We shall all miss you when you go away. 你不在时我们都会想念你的。

 

Reading

一、词汇讲解

1.A great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind.帮助你记住东西的好方法是在你的头脑里构图。

（1）不定式to help you remember sth 作way的后置定语，修饰 a great way

     e.g.

Do you have anything to eat?

不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：

①Do you have anything to say on the question?

 

②Would you please give me some paper to write on?

③My wish to visit France has come true at last.

④I have nothing to read on the train.

⑤W usually have a lot of homework to do at weekends, but the students in America usually have time to do part-time jobs to make pocket money.

运用:

(1)我有很多工作要做，所有我不能和你一起去购物。

____________________，so I can't go shopping with you.

(2)

---Do you know Neil Armstrong?

---Yes. He is the first man____on the moon.

     A.walk     B.walks    C.to walk   D.walked

 

（2）help sb to do sth.

help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 

help oneself （to）请自便 

with the help of 在......方面帮助某人

Can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事    

 

e.g.

Jim often helps me with maths.

 

（3）imagine 想象  +名词、动名词、从句  

 

         imagine doing  想象做...

e.g.

 

We can’t imagine life without any hardships.

 

     (3)It’s hard to imagine working in a place like that.(英译汉)

 

2.If you make the picture big, strange or silly，you will remember it better.如果你把这幅图画想象地很大、很奇怪，或是很愚蠢，你将会更好地将它记住。

 

（1）if 引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句中的动词多用一般现在时，主句中的动词多用一般将来时，即主将从现原则

I shall go if she asks me.

（2）make +sth+adj   形容词作宾语补足语      

    make sb do sth.   让某人做某事

 

（3）remember to do sth记得去做某事     remember doing sth 记得做过某事 

 

3.This makes it the longest word in the world.   当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为

 

“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：

I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。

We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

 

We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

 

He feels it his duty to help the poor.                        

 

I find it difficult to learn English well.

 

4.Remember ：a picture is worth a thousand words.记住：一副图画，值1000个单词。

    be worth +Ving 值得......的

e.g.

This house is worth a lot of money.

The film is worth seeing.这个茶杯值30元__________________________

 

5.A good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each other of the word.

（1）a method for+ Ving 一个做......的方法

（2）不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.

③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.

     当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。

当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，

或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定式说明主语的内容。

 

6.For example, to remember the word”smiles”, we can imagine there is a “mile” between the first letter and the last letter.

 

 

（1）between...and...两者之间。     

（2）to=in order to 表目的“为了”

 

7.For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word”because”,......

疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语）

②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语）

③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语）

④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语）

以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：

①When we shall leave…

③…how I could learn……

    经常在这种结构中使用的动词有：

consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。

 

8.You will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well.

如果你没有理解的话，你很快就会忘记它。

（1）Unless= if ...not  引导条件状语从句“如果不；除非”，也要遵循“主将从现”原则

e.g.

Unless he studied hard, he will never pass the exams.

除非我叫你，你不要离开这栋房子________________________________

 

（2）forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 

         forget doing sth 忘记做了某事

e.g.

Sorry,I forgot to bring the book.(对不起，我忘了带书了。)

I forgot borrowing a book from you.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）

（3）Forget quickly     

        understand well  副词修饰动词

 

9.It’s easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.

     动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。如：

It's not easy to learn a foreign language well. (=To learn a foreign language well is not easy.) 学好一门外语不容易。

　　在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for 引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。如：

　　It's difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。

　　It's hard for me to answer your question. 要我回答你的问题很难。

　　但是，如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite 等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个of 引起的短语。如：

　　It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。

 

 

 

练习：

1.       She                       （提及）to me that she had received your letter.

2.       He has a very sharp                    (头脑).

3.       Oh, how                      (傻的) you all are!

4.       “A” is the first                    (字母) in the English alphabet.

5.       I didn’t see my name on the                     (名单).

6.       Tell me about your                     (困难).

7.       Don’t come               （除非）you’re free.

8.       The best way                      (improve) your English is to join an English club.

9.       I can’t open the door because I’ve                   (lose) the sky.

10.    —— How far is it from your home to your school？ —— It’                   (mile).

11.    He tried modern                 (method) of teaching.

12.    The horse cost us 40000 yuan, but it is not                   (worth) so much.

13.    How do you spell the word? (同义句转换)What is                         the word？

14.    It was stupid ____ （for/ of）me to talk in that way to my mother.

15.    It is very important ___ (for/ of ) us to master English.

 

（A）

Big Pizza Tel: 88819506 Address: 102 Ting Street Open: 9:30am-12:00pm Foods: beef pizza, mutton pizza, fruit pizza, vegetable pizza Drinks: coffee milk, fruit juice Dessert: ice cream Soup:   Italian soups

6. If you like hamburgers , you can _________.

A. go to Big Pizza    B. call 6255001   C. call 88819506   D. go to 102 Ting Street

7. What can’t you have in Big Pizza?

A. French fries.           B. coffee milk    C. pizza                 D. fruit juice

8. What can’t you have at 11:30pm?

A. fruit juice                   B. mutton pizza       C. ice cream             D. milk juice

9. Where can you eat ice cream at 9:10am?

A. On 28 Bridge Street  B. In Big Pizza C. On 28 Ting Street D. On 102 Ting street

10. You can have_________ in KFC.

A. Italian soups          B. vegetable pizza      C. porridge               D. coffee milk

 

完形填空

   How do students around the world get to school?

   In North America, most students go to school   1   bus. Some students also walk or   2   bikes to school. In other   3   of the world, things are different. In Japan,   4   students take trains to school, although(虽然)    5   also walk or ride their   6   . In China, it depends on where you are. In big    7   , students usually ride bikes to school or take buses. And in places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and Kishandao, students   8    go to school by   9   . They must be a lot   10   fun than taking a bus!

(    )1．A. by             B. at              C. above               D. on

(    )2．A. drive           B. change         C. ride                D. take

(    )3．A. place           B. parts            C. country             D. school

(    )4．A. a little of        B. much          C. most               D. a lot

(    )5．A. no one          B. people         C. teachers            D. others

(    )6．A. bikes           B. horses           C. cars                D. buses

(    )7．A. countries        B. cities           C. school              D. places

(    )8．A. never           B. seldom              C. usually             D. sometimes

(    )9．A. bus             B. boat            C. train               D. plane

(    )10．A. more           B. much          C. some               D. about

 

写作专练

假设你是李宁，你的英国笔友Danny记忆力不好，为此他感到非常苦恼。请你给他发一封电子邮件，给他提出一些提高记忆力的建议，80个单词左右。

【写作提示】

1.      开篇点题，针对笔友的问题提出建议。

2.      提出建议，以具体事例提出提高记忆力的四条建议。

3.      结尾综述，提出希望。

词汇提示：You said… I’d like to…  First,…Second,…Third,…Fourth,…  I hope…

            How to improve your memory?

Dear Danny, I’m your pen pal Li Ming,                                          ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my advice can help you, Hope to hear from you soon. Yours Li Ming

 

How to improve your memory?

Dear Danny,

I’m your pen pal Li Ming, In your last letter, you said you were worried about having a bad memory,. I’d  like to give you some advice.

First, do something to exercise your brain. You may do some new things and change your daily habits.

Second, try to link information with pictures. Taking notes and keeping a diary will also help you a lot.

Third, eat healthy food and drink enough water.

Fourth, you’d better have enough sleep. It’s important for you to have a clear mind when you memorize things.

I hope my advice can help you, Hope to hear from you soon.

Yours

Li Ming