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中文注释　　English

　

  马祖常（1279－1338），字伯庸，蒙古族人，元代文学家，与萨都拉有过交往。

  ①河湟――青海、甘肃境内黄河与湟沙沙合流的地方。

  ②贾――商人。

  ③流沙――沙漠。

  ④路赊――路途遥远。赊，为了押韵，可以念shā

  ⑤东国――中国在波斯的东方，所以称东国。

  ⑥桑麻――桑指丝绸（丝是蚕吃了桑叶吐出来的），麻指布匹（古时没有棉花，用麻纤维织布），都是中国内地的产品。

    我国是世界上最早养蚕产丝的国家。两千多年以来，源源不断的丝织品，经由甘肃、新疆运往西亚和欧洲，这条东西交通的大道，便是有名的“丝绸之路”。这自元代绝句，写的是当时丝绸之路上商队来往的情景。

    在丝绸之路通过河湟的地方，夜深人静的时候，有时会从远处传来一种悦耳的富有节奏的音响，丁冬，丁冬，慢悠悠的，越来越近。人们知道，这是波斯商队的驼铃声。那些经验丰富的斯老客，又来做生意了。长长的骆驼商队，驮着从当地河边采来的青青玉石，越过茫茫大漠，迢迢万里而来；换得大批中国内地出产的丝绸麻布以后，又丁冬，丁冬，越过茫茫大漠，万里迢迢而去… …

      这首小诗选材新颖，具有地方色彩和异国情调。它写出了波斯老贾风尘跋涉、不辞艰险地进取精神，也为中国和西亚人民历史上的友好往来，摄下了一个真切生动的镜头。

    Zuchang (1279－1338) was a writer of Mongolian origin in the Yuan Dynasty. His poems and proses are of distinguishing features. He met Shadula on a number of occasions.

    China is the first country in the world to raise silkworm and produce natural silk. For over two thousand years, a continuous supply of silk fabrics has been shippen over land to the west Asia and Europe via Gansu Province and XinJiang Autonomous Region. This trade route linking the east and west is the famous “silk Road”. This poem was written at a place where the Yellow River and the Huangshui River converges. The theme of the verse is about trade caravans travelling along the Silk Road.

    In the dead of night, People might sometimes hear the sweet-sound of camel bells coming nearer and nearer. They would know that those experienced Persian merchants from afar beyond the desert were coming over for trade again. A trade caravan was travelling thousands of miles from the other side of the desert, carrying local produce and blue jade stones quarried from the riverside at home. After trading their goods for large quantities of Chinese silk and gunny, they would again start the long and rough journey home.

    This short Chinese poem is full of local flavour and foreign taste. It does not only describe vividly the long and difficult journeys of the trade caravans and blue jade stones quarried from the riverside at home. After trading their goods for large quantities of Chinese sild and gunny, they would again start the long and rough journey home.

    This short Chinese poem is full of local flavour and foreign taste. It does not only describe vividly the long and difficult journeys of the trade car avans and the enterprising spirit of Persian businessmen, but also serves as a testimony of the traditional friendly exchanges between the Persian and Chinese peoples.