http://www.jsedu.net/szty/msxs/img/play.gif

http://www.jsedu.net/szty/msxs/img/shi_029.gif

中文注释　　English

    王维（701-761）字摩诘（jié）,唐代大诗人,和李白同龄.他是大画家,最善于描写山水景物和田园风光,成为山水田园诗派的杰出代表.宋朝大文学家苏轼说:王维”诗中有画”,”画中有诗”。

    ①鹿柴――辋川的一个风景区。辋川在今陕西省蓝田县，是王维晚年隐居的地方。他在这里经营了一个很大的山间别墅，风景非常优美。

    ②但――只是。

    ③返景――落日的光辉。

    ④复――又，进而。

    鹿柴，鹿声的木栏。这个风景区何以如此命名？有人解释说，因为这里山空林密，是一个麋鹿出没的地方。从王维这首小诗看来，这解释也许不是牵强附会的吧。但诗人所歌咏的，并不是山林间的麋鹿，而是这里静谧幽深的自然环境。

    诗的前两句，主要是从音响着眼的：独坐空山密林，终日不见人影，冉冉是无边的寂静，只是偶尔有人从林边走过，那喧响的谈话声才将这寂静打破，然而，在一时的喧响过去之后，林中的寂静不是越发的深沉吗？“蝉噪林愈静，鸟鸣山更幽”（南朝梁人王籍《入若耶溪》诗句），对于这样的情景，古人是早就深有体验的。

    后两句换了一个角度，描写光线：林深树密，阳光衡少，待到夕阳西下的时候，才有几道余光斜射进来，把地上的青苔照得一片明亮。正如闪电能显现夜的黑暗一样，这一点点亮光，反而使人更分明地感到这里的昏暗、幽深。而且，地上长满青苔，也是阳光长期照射不到的结果。

    王维是一位多才多艺的诗人，音乐、绘画方面的精深造诣，使他对声响、光线具有特殊的敏感和兴趣。在这首写景的小诗中，他运用自然界喧与静、明与暗相反相成的原理，借人语的喧响和落日的斜晕来衬托鹿柴山林中的静谧幽深，而这幽静的环境气氛，恰好是对于嘈杂纷扰的官场感到厌倦的诗人所渴求、向往的啊！

    苏轼赞美王维“诗中有画”，他的话并不全面，王维的诗中还有音乐。这首绝句所以被人津津乐道，就因为它是诗、画、乐的和谐的统一。

    This poem was written by Wang Wei, a Tang Dynasty poet, to praise the beauty and tranquility of Luzhai, a scenic spot in present Lantian County of Shaanxi Province. Luzhai is the place where Wang spent his secluded life in a large mansion in thick forests during his old age.

    “ I see no soul in the empty hill, / Only hear the chatting of occasional passers-by. / A few beams of the setting sun penetrate the thick woods, / Bathing the moss-grown land. “

    Wang was sitting on the quiet hill covered by thick woods. From where he could hardly see a man for days. Such an atmosphere of quietness was broken only occasionally by the sound of chatting passers-by. When the sound of chatting disappeared, the place seemed to be even quieter then before. During the day, the boet could never see the sunlight because of the thick woods overhead. That was why the ground was grown with moss. Only when the sun was setting, could a few sun beams slant into the dense forests like a lightening in the dark sky, bringing some light to the moss-grown ground.

  Wang was a very versatile man of arts with profound knowledge and exquisite skills in poetry, music and painting. In this short poem, he used the expressions of the sound of chatting passers-by and the light of the setting sun to emphasize by contrast the tranquility of the hill and the thickness of the woods. Such a tranquil environment was ideal for Wang who resenten unfair politics and secluded himself from the world.