高智商的七个特征

7 Signs That You Are Probably Smarter Than Average

匪夷所思，高智商的特征竟然是“心理疾病、易焦虑、夜猫子……”

Surprising signs of intelligence include a tendency towards mental illness, being prone to worry, sleeping late and more…

1. 心理疾病（Mental illness）

最近一些调查发现：情绪障碍可能是一些高智商人士的代价（Smith et al., 2015）。心理学家已经发现，IQ更高的青年期孩子们更可能表现出双相情感障碍【百科】 的特征。这项调查进一步证实了智商、创造力和心理健康之间的关系。其他的一些研究表明，智力和心理健康之间的关系可能和进化有关，即智人（Homo sapiens）智商的增加是源于基因突变，然而这些基因突变所带来的代价就可能是心理疾病(Nithianantharajah et al., 2012)

1. Mental illness

Disorders of mood could be the price some people pay for high intelligence, recent research finds. A High IQ May Also Have This Mental Cost, Psychologists Find

Psychologists have found that higher childhood IQ is linked to features of bipolar disorder in young adulthood.

The research adds fuel to the debate over the connection between intelligence, creativity and mental health issues.

Other studies now suggest a link between intelligence and mental illness that may go back into our evolutionary past.

The increased intelligence of Homo sapiens was originally a result of gene mutations.

The cost of these gene mutations, however, may have been an increase in mental illness (Nithianantharajah et al., 2012). Synaptic scaffold evolution generated components of vertebrate cognitive complexity

2. 担心（Worry）

高智商的人要比那些智力一般的人更容易焦虑。确实，焦虑可能是与智力共同进化的，即在远古时代，担心更可能让人存活下来（Coplan et al., 2012）。虽然这类人繁衍了后代、保留了自己的基因，但是高智商的人可能因此更加焦虑。

2. Worry

People of high intelligence are more prone to anxiety than those of moderate intelligence.

Indeed, anxiety may have co-evolved with intelligence — worrying may have given early humans a survival benefit in the ancient past (Coplan et al., 2012). The relationship between intelligence and anxiety: an association with subcortical white matter metabolism

It’s just a pity that it’s left intelligent people with higher levels of anxiety disorders.

3. 新观念（New ideas）

和高水平的心理疾病和焦虑不同的是，高智商的人更可能表达出新观念！从历史来看，这也许意味着摒弃封建，寻找到组织社会的新想法。一个研究认为，这解释了为什么更聪明的人更有可能是无神论者，更可能是政治自由（Kanazawa et al., 2010）。这项研究发现：把自己描述为非常保守的年轻人们IQ平均为95，而那些把自己描述为很自由的人平均IQ则是106.

3. New ideas

Set against the higher levels of mental illness and anxiety, is the fact that one of the signs of intelligence is being more likely to come up with new ideas.

Historically, that might mean rejecting superstition and finding new ways of organising society.

One study argues that this explains why more intelligent people are more likely to be atheists and more likely to be politically liberal (Kanazawa et al., 2010). Why Liberals and Atheists Are More Intelligent

This study found that young adults who described themselves as ‘very conservative’ had an average IQ of 95, while those who described themselves as ‘very liberal’ had an average IQ of 106.

4. 孤独的人（Loners）

最近一项研究发现：高智商的人与朋友交往的越多，他们的生活满意度越低（Li & Kanazawa, 2016）。因此，他们更倾向于喜欢自己一个人，无论生活、学习，还是工作。其实这类人看起来是很孤独的，但是他们可能对自己的生活状态很满意，自己过得很快乐、幸福。

4. Loners

The more that intelligent people socialise with their friends, the less satisfied they are with life, recent research finds. The Real Reason Smart People Tend To Be Loners

The finding challenges the accepted idea that socialising generally makes people happier.

It may be that for some people — especially those with high intelligence — socialising does not increase life satisfaction.

The possible reason why is intriguing… The Real Reason Smart People Tend To Be Loners

5. 睡得晚（Sleep late）

高智商的人更倾向于睡得晚，起得晚(Kanazawa & Perina, 2009)。这项研究测试了20,745名美国青少年的作息时间，发现智商一般的人每天晚上上床睡觉的平均时间是11:41，起床的平均时间是7:20。与此不同的是，高智商的人每天晚上12:29上床睡觉，早上7:52起来。在周末时，两者的不同更加明显！

5. The very bright sleep late

Another of the signs of intelligence is going to bed later and getting up later (Kanazawa & Perina, 2009). Why night owls are more intelligent

The study examined the sleep habits of 20,745 adolescent Americans and found that on a weekday the ‘very dull’ went to bed at an average of 11:41 and woke up at 7:20.

In contrast, the ‘very bright’ went to bed at 12:29 and got up at 7:52. At the weekend the differences were even more pronounced.

6. 信任（Trusting）

根据美国民意调查的一项新分析发现：高智商的人更倾向于相信他人。这可能是因为，高智商的人更加善于判断他人的人格特质（Carl & Billari, 2014）。他们也发现，信任他人的人更加快乐、身体更加健康。

6. Trusting

Intelligent people are more likely to trust others, according to a new analysis of US public opinion poll data. Surprisingly, This Type of People Are More Trusting

This may be because more intelligent people are better judges of character.

They found that people who were more trusting were also happier and had higher levels of physical health.

7. 懒（lazy）

发表在《健康心理学杂志》的一项研究发现：懒人更喜欢思考(McElroy et al., 2016)。那些不喜欢思考的人，往往会做更多的事情摆脱自己的一些思考。之前研究也发现：喜欢思考的人记忆力更好，他们会花费更多的时间去做决定，而且多数情况下决定所带来的都是更好的结果。

7. Lazy signs of intelligence

Lazy people are more likely to enjoy thinking, new research finds. Lazy Layabouts Have This Mental Advantage

On the other hand, those with who don’t enjoy it need to ‘do more stuff’ in order to escape their own thoughts.

Previous studies have found that people who like to think more have better memories and often take more time to make decisions and end up making better ones.

文章来源：

7 signs that you are probably smarter than average

Jeremy Dean

http://www.spring.org.uk/2016/08/7-signs-high-intelligence.php

杰里米·迪恩，知名心理学博客

About PsyBlog

British psychologist Dr. Jeremy Dean is the founder and author of the popular website ‘PsyBlog’.

Jeremy’s first degree was in law but after a career in the Internet industry he began studying psychology.

He has now racked up three higher degrees in psychology, his latest being a doctorate from University College London.

Along the way PsyBlog took its first fumbling steps in 2004, covering scientific research into how the mind works.

Much to his own surprise, a decade later it is still going strong and read by millions around the world.