加载中…程阳：什么是“问题博彩” ？
(2011-03-16 02:19:17)
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程阳：什么是“问题博彩”
What is Problem Gambling?
Some
people, 1%-3% of the nation's adult population, have a progressive
behavior disorder known as Problem or Compulsive Gambling.
Compulsive gambling is a progressive behavior leading to an
uncontrollable preoccupation and urge to gamble. Since 1980,
pathological (or compulsive) gambling has been classified by the
American Psychiatric Association as a diagnosable and treatable
illness.
Generally, a problem gambler, will:
Generally, a problem gambler, will:
- Increasingly lose control over gambling.
- Become obsessed with gambling and with obtaining money with which to gamble.
- Think irrationally.
- Continue to gamble despite adverse consequences.
The American Psychiatric Association in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) has defined the following characteristics as sure Signs of Problem Gambling:
- A preoccupation or uncontrollable urge to gamble.
- Increasing bets to sustain a thrill.
- Exhibiting agitation when attempting to cut back.
- Lying to conceal gambling activity.
- Financing bets through illegal activity.
- Chasing one's losses.
- Gambling as an escape.
- Jeopardizing significant relationships.
- Relying on a financial bailout.
- Failing in an effort to control or stop betting.
If problem gamblers do not abstain completely from wagering or gambling, they risk losing their jobs, their families, their freedom and, sometimes, their lives. Any wager at all triggers a wagering binge and the problem gambler feels isolated, out of control; swamped in hopelessness, shame and fear. Sadly, 20% of problem gamblers are reported to have attempted suicide
According to Dr. Robert L. Custer, a pioneer researcher in the problem gambling field, problem gambling has three distinct phases.
The Three Phases of Problem Gambling
Winning or Adventurous Phase: The Search for Action or Escape
Fun, exciting, entertaining, and rewarding with occasional big wins. Unreasonable optimism; fantasies about the big win.
Losing Phase: The Chase
Consistent losses and increased; preoccupation with gambling, selling personal possessions; borrowing to bet; personality changes; gambling to recoup losses (called "chasing the bet"); missing work.
Desperation Phase: Panic and the End of the Line
Stealing or other criminal activity to cover bets.
Adapted from Understanding Compulsive Gambling, Hazelden Foundation, 1986
If you think you might have a gambling problem, then you probably do. Be a winner and take a step toward a solution.
Answer the following questions truthfully. You will be taking the first step toward a solution for your gambling problem.
GAMBLERS ANONYMOUS TWENTY QUESTIONS
- Did you ever lose time from work or school due to gambling?
- Has gambling ever made your home life unhappy?
- Did gambling affect your reputation?
- Have you ever felt remorse after gambling?
- Did you ever gamble to get money with which to pay debts or otherwise solve financial difficulties?
- Did gambling cause a decrease in your ambition or efficiency?
- After losing did you feel you must return as soon as possible and win back your losses?
- After a win did you have a strong urge to return and win more?
- Did you often gamble until your last dollar was gone?
- Did you ever borrow to finance your gambling?
- Have you ever sold anything to finance gambling?
- Were you reluctant to use "gambling money" for normal expenditures?
- Did gambling make you careless of the welfare of yourself or your family?
- Did you ever gamble longer than you had planned?
- Have you ever gambled to escape worry or trouble?
- Have you ever committed, or considered committing, an illegal act to finance gambling?
- Did gambling cause you to have difficulty in sleeping?
- Do arguments, disappointments or frustrations create within you an urge to gamble?
- Did you ever have an urge to celebrate any good fortune by a few hours of gambling?
- Have you ever considered self-destruction or suicide as a result of your gambling?
Most compulsive gamblers will answer yes to at least seven of these questions.
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