西安世园会的大师园:四盒园

标签:
西安世园会大师园王向荣杂谈 |
分类: 现代风景园林 |
能在西安的世园会上与一些世界上最好的风景园林师一起设计展览花园,是
一次难得的经历,也是一个挑战。每个大师园除了地块的范围、高度和造价外,并
没有其他的限制条件,这为设计师充分展示他对园林艺术的理解提供了机会。
It is a rare experience and also a challenge to devise
individual
Master Garden together with these world top landscape
architects on
Xi'an International Horticulture Exhibition.There are not many
restrictions
except the scope and cost of construction.So,it is an
opportunity for
the designers to reveal their unique understanding of garden
art.
在我看来,不论古今中外,优秀的花园都是空间的艺术,并且充满诗意,能吸引
人去体验和感知。它应该具有缜密的逻辑关系,要融合在地域的景观之中。在具
有这些特性的同时,中国的花园还表达了一种哲学思想,一种追求自然、追求和谐,
在方寸之间创造世外桃源的理想。我想,这种思想在今天仍然具有价值。在大师
园设计中,我们尝试用简单的设计语言,创建一个简明的,具有诗意的,变化莫测的
花园。它吸引人去体验和感知,无论在其中漫步还是静思,都能感受到花园浓浓的
诗意和中国园林的空间情趣。
In my opinion,whether in modern or in ancient times,in China
or
elsewhere,an excellent garden should be the art of space and
be full
of poetic conception which attracts people to experience and
perceive.
Meanwhile a garden should have rigorous logic and should
be
integrated into the regional landscape.Besides these
characteristics,the
Chinese garden demonstrates a philosophy,an ideal of pursuing
nature
as well as harmony and creating paradise isolated from the
world on a
small patch of land.In my view the idea is still worthwhile
today.
In the design of Master Garden,we try to use simple
design
language to develop a concise,poetic and unpredictable
garden.People can experience deep sense of poetic
conception
and space delight of Chinese garden during their wandering
or
meditation.
园林博览会上会有许多展览花园,这些花园相互之间往往存在视线的
干扰。我们希望将花园与周围环境有所分离,使花园能更单纯、完整而独
立。花园本身也应该有一个边界,并被围合起来。我们用1.6m高的夯土
墙将花园围起来,利用石、木、砖等材料建造了4个盒子,它们分别具有春、
夏、秋、冬不同的气氛,形成四季的轮回。这些盒子和围墙一起,把花园分
隔成一个主庭院,以及位于盒子后面和旁边约10个小庭院,这是中国园林
的典型空间结构(图1)。夯土墙、石、木、砖等材料也是当地典型的构筑材
料。我们将花园命名为“四盒园”,既表达了花园的空间结构,也因与
“四合院”谐音,暗示了中国传统的居住建筑形式。
There are always many exhibition gardens on
theExhibition.However,the gardens have visual interferencewith each
other.We hope to separate the garden from the
surrounding environment to make the garden
simpler,morecomplete and more independent.The garden should have
aborder and be enclosed.So we use rammed earth walls of
1.6 meter high to enclose the garden.And at thesame time,we
use some folk materials including
rammed earth,stone,wood and brick to constructfour boxes form
different atmosphere of spring,
summer,autumn and winter,composing a seasonalcycle.These boxes
with the wall form a main
courtyard in the garden and about 10 smallcourtyards behind
and beside the cases.It forms a
kind of structure similar to the typical structure ofChinese
garden(Figure 1).Rammed earth,brick,
wood and stone are most commonly used as localconstruction
materials.The garden is named as
"Four Boxes Garden",which expresses the spacestructure of the
garden.Meanwhile it is the
harmonic tone of a kind of Chinese folk house.Inthis way,it
implies the traditional Chinese residentialbuilding form.
花园南部朝向广场是2个出入口,木制的园门可以开启和关闭(图2)。进入主要入口就是由白粉墙建造的“春
盒”,跨过一座小桥(图3),来到“春盒”的中央,坐在长椅上,透过墙上的门窗,可以看到主庭院的景色,以及四周春意盎然的竹丛(图4)。窗的开启和关闭会让春盒中的游人具有不同的景观体验。
At the south of the garden are two entranceswhose wooden doors
can be opened and closed
(Figure 2).Walking into the main entrance is the"Spring
Box"which is constructed by white wall and
stone.After going across a small bridge(Figure 3)is the center
of the Box.People can enjoy the
scenery of the main courtyard and the vigorousbamboos through
the doors and windows in the
wall when they sit on the bench(Figure 4).Peoplecan experience
different views of the"Spring Box"
by the opening and closing of windows.
“夏盒”是一间木制的花架屋,由于木材的搭接方式不同,花架具有独特的光影效果和戏剧性的视线体验。木屋
的中心是一个小院,开启和关闭的门同样会给游人带来变化的视觉感受。花架上面爬满葡萄,就像西北的农家院中常见的景致。
"Summer Box"is a wooden pergola cabin.Thepergolas reveal
strong lighting effects and dramatic
transparent sight experience owing to differentwood lapping
approaches.There is a small yard in
the middle of the Box.The doors can be openedand closed which
can also bring the changing
visual experience.The pergola is covered withgrapes,which
looks like a farm yard in northwestof China.
“秋盒”由石块砌筑,其地面比中心庭院高1m,墙上有许多正方形的窗洞,形成一个个画框。通过这些画框,游人可以看到花园内外不同方向的景色。秋盒的顶面是金属网,上面爬满爬山虎(图6)。
"Autumn Box"is built with stone.The ground inside is 1m higher
than that of the
central courtyard.Some frames are formed by square window
holes in the wall,
through which people can see beautiful scenery inside and
outside the garden in
different directions.On the top of"Autumn Box"is a steel wire
netting with Japanese
creeper(parthenocissus tricuspidata)creeping over it(Figure
6).
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最后的盒子是由青砖砌筑的“冬盒”。由于砖砌筑的方式不同,盒子4个面的通透程度也不同。“冬盒”的内外都是白色砂石铺地,如雪一般。在冬盒中,人们坐在长椅上,可以看到中心庭院的景色,透过砖墙上的空洞,也可以看到“春盒”外的竹丛。人们可以从“冬盒”走出花园,也可以重新进入春盒,开始另一个四季的循环(图7)。
The final one is brick-constructed"WinterBox".With diverse
ways of brick constructing,
the four sides of this box have differenthollowing
effects.The"Winter Box"is
white-sand-grounded both inside and outside,simulating the
winter snow.In the"Winter Box",
one on the bench is able to view the maincourtyard scene.The
bamboo grove around
"Spring Box"also can be seen through theholes of brick
wall.People can either step out
of the garden or re-enter the"Spring Box"tostart another cycle
of four seasons(Figure 7).
花园的地面统一在整体的流动的线形之中,并赋予其植物、白砂、黑砂、青瓦及水面等不同的材质。
The ground of the garden takes anintegrated and flowing linear
shape,
accompanied by plants,white sand,blacksand,tiles,thin water
surface and otherdifferent materials.
四盒园面积虽小,但作为国际园艺博览会上的花园,我们希望四盒园能具有浓厚的中国园林的空间情趣和诗意,宁静、深远,并引人沉思。
As a garden on International HorticultureExhibition,"Four
Boxes Garden"is small.We
hope it will have space delight and poeticconception with a
particular serene,far-reaching atmosphere and
triggeringmeditation.
来自:中国园林
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