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学会正确地“建议”

　　英语中表示“建议”的词是suggest与advise，二者的用法既有相同之处，也有不同之处，现归纳如下。
　　
　　1. 表示“建议干某事”时，用:suggest/advise doing sth. 如:
　　They suggested/advised putting the sports meeting off.
　　他们建议运动会延期举行。
　　
　　2. 表示“建议某人干某事”时，用: advise sb. to do sth. 或suggest one/one’s doing sth.，不能用suggest sb. to do sth. 如:
　　医生建议我多加锻炼。
　　正: The doctor advised me to take more exercise.
　　正: The doctor suggested me(my)taking more exercise.
　　误: The doctor suggested me to take more exercise.
　　注意下面两种情况:
　　①advise sb. to do sth.除了“建议某人干某事”的意思以外，还有如下意思。
　　advise sb. to do sth. = try to persuade sb. to do/into doing sth.
　　企图说服某人干某事(说而不服)
　　persude sb. to do/into doing sth.
　　说服某人干某事(说服)。如:
　　We advised(tried to persuade) him to lend his money to his stepfather.
　　我们企图说服他把钱借给他的继父(说而不服，他没借给他继父)。
　　We persuaded him to lend(into lending) his money to his stepfather.
　　我们说服他把钱借给他的继父(说服，他把钱借给了他的继父)。
　　②suggest后接复合结构时， 要用suggest one/one’s doing sth.，不能用suggest sb. to do sth.， 类似于这样的动词还有: mind， appreciate等。如:
　　Would you mind me(my)opening the window?
　　我把窗子打开， 你介意吗?
　　I appreciate you(your)helping me very much.
　　我非常感谢你的帮助。
　　
　　3. advise与suggest后接宾语从句的用法。
　　①表示“建议”时，advise与suggest后接宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:should + 动词原形，should可以省略。如:
　　I advised that Jane (should) visit the chemistry lab right away.
　　我建议简立即去看看化学实验室。
　　The workers suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.
　　工人们建议我们今天晚上召开会议。
　　It is suggested that the task (should) be fulfiled in a week’s time.
　　建议在一周内完成任务。
　　②suggest可表示“暗示､表明”的意思，其主语往往代表事物，而不是人，这时，suggest后的宾语从句要用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。如:
　　His pale face suggested that he was ill.
　　他那苍白的脸表明他生病了。
　　Her expression suggested that she was angry.
　　从她的表情可以看出她生气了。
　　注意
　　类似于suggest的动词还有insist。insist作“坚持要求”解时，其后的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:should + 动词原形，should可以省略;作“坚持认为”解时，其后的宾语从句的谓语动词要用陈述语气。如:
　　The guard at the gate insisted that everyone (should) obey the rules.
　　门卫坚持要求每个人都应该遵守规章制度。
　　She insisted that the teacher was wrong.
　　她坚持认为老师是错的。
　　
　　4. advise的名词是advice，不可数名词，suggest的名词是suggestion，可数名词。“一条建议”应译为:a piece of advice，a suggestion。advice，suggestion后的同位语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:should + 动词原形，should可以省略。如:
　　He made a suggestion that the new machine (should) be tested at once.
　　他建议立刻对新机器进行测试。
　　
　　巩固练习
　　1. I would appreciate______________back this afternoon.
　　A. you to call B. you call
　　C. your calling D. you’re calling
　　2. The policeman suggested that the child______________hospital as soon as possible.
　　A. should send to B. be sent to
　　C. is sent to D. must be sent to
　　3.Tom insisted that I______________the party.
　　A. should be coming B. be coming to
　　C. came D. come to
　　4. —Would you mind my taking this seat?
　　—______________.
　　A. No， of course not B. Yes， sit down please
　　C. Yes， take it please D. No， you can’t take it
　　5. They______________him to go to the party， but he didn’t.
　　A. persuaded B. advised
　　C. try to persuade D. persuade
　　6. Our English teacher______________our buying an English?鄄Chinese dictionary.
　　A. advised B. ordered C. suggested D. asked
　　7. He made an advice that the political prisoner be set free. (改错)
　　8. His smile suggested that he be successful in the competition. (改错)
　　9. At last her parents persuaded her into apologize to her teacher. (改错)
　　10. My classmates advised our teacher going to see the doctor. (改错)
　　
　　参考答案
　　1—6 CBDABC
　　7. an advice改为a piece of advice或a suggestion
　　8. be改为was
　　9. into改为to或apologize改为apologizing
　　10. advised改为suggested或going改为go