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Teaching and learning plan
for Adverbial Clauses
Aims:
1. Let the students review the adverbial clauses.
2. Make sure the students can master and use them correctly.
3. Finish some exercises about them.
Emphasis and nodi:
Review three adverbial clauses: adverbial clause of time, adverbial clause of condition and adverbial clause of concession.
Type: Review
Period: One
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ. 时间状语从句(adverbial clause of time)
时间状语从句由从属连词：when, whenever, every time, each time, as, before, since, until, as soon as, the moment, the minute, once, hardly---when, scarcely---when, no sooner--- than等引导。
e.g. When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.
I stayed while he was away.
The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.
Hardly have I got home when the phone rings.
No sooner had he arrived than the trouble started.
注意：hardly---when, scarcely---when, no sooner--- than引导的状语从句，表否定的部分用倒装语序。
 Ⅱ.条件状语从句（adverbial clause of condition）
条件状语从句由从属连词： if, unless, suppose, as/so long as, on condition that 等引导。在条件状语从句中，通常不用一般将来时，而用一般现在时来代替。
1）if引导的条件状语从句
e.g. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go to Beijing.
You can’t learn a language well unless you work hard.
We should serve the people as (so) long as we live.
2).unless 引导的条件状语从句
用unless（除非，如果… … 不）引导的条件句一般只用肯定形式，不用否定形式，意义相当于if … not,但语气比if … not强。
e.g. You will fail unless you work harder. (= … if you do not work harder.)
She won’t lose weight unless she keeps a diet and takes exercise every day.
3).suppose 引导的条件状语从句
用suppose引导的句子表示一种设想或假设，多用于表示条件的疑问句中。
e.g. Suppose the plane does not arrive on time, what shall I do?
Suppose he did all this, what then?
Suppose he was arrested, we have no proof against him.
4).as/so long as引导的条件状语从句
用as/so long as引导的条件句，强调主句和从句的情况并存；so long as比as long as常用。
e.g.  You may borrow the book so long as you don’t lend it to anyone else.
So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.
We can surely overcome these difficulties so long as we are closely united.
5).on condition that 引导的条件状语从句
on condition that 引导的条件句，含有某种特定的或规定条件，用法正式，语气较重。
e.g.  He said he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.
 He was allowed to go swimming on condition that he kept near the other boys.
I’ll let you have the book on condition that you return it to me next week.
Ⅲ. 让步状语从句（adverbial clause of concession）
让步状语从句由从属连词：though, although, as, even if, however, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever等引导。
1)though, although
e.g. Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.　
He is very old, but he still works very hard.　
2)as, though 引导的状语从句
as / though引导的让步从句要使用倒装语序，即必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
注意：①句首名词不能带任何冠词。
②句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seem able to do the work satisfactorily.
3)ever if, even though.　即使
e.g.  We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4)whether…or-　 不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5) "no matter + 疑问词" 或"疑问词 + 后缀ever"
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替换：no matter what = whatever    no matter how = however
no matter who = whoever     no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever   no matter which = whichever
注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，只能引导状语从句。
Ⅳ.Finish the following exercises by yourself:
1. ____physics, he likes math better.
A. As he much likes   B. Much as he likes
C. Much likes as he    D. Likes much as he
2. The men have to wait all day ____ the doctor works fast.
A. if B. whether C. unless D. that
3. ____he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers..
A. Every times  B. Every time  C. One time  D. Once a time
  4. We still cannot persuade him to give up smoking ____ hard we tried.
A. so B. how C. though D. however
5. ____ book you borrow, you must return it in two weeks.
A. However B. Whichever C. Whenever D. Wherever
   6. ____ he was not rich enough to buy whatever he wanted, Edison decided to make his new laboratory the best.
A. Although B. Since  C. When D. As
7. ___she is young, she knows quite a lot.　
A. When　B. However　 C. Although　 D. Unless
8. I was about to leave my house ____ the phone rang.
A. while   B. when   C. as   D after
9. We will go ____ the Party wants us to go.
A. wherever    B. there    C to the place D. which
10. You won’t succeed ____ harder.
A. unless you will work    B. unless you work 
C. unless you don’t work   D. if you won’t work
Ⅴ. Homework：
Discuss these adverbial clauses.

见word文档状语从句练习。