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诺贝尔医学奖获得者成就 |
按计划今天应该继续解读国家自然基金项目的部分内容,既然好友TREE提出了要求,咱也要顺应朋友的意见,解读一下2007诺贝尔医学奖获得者及成就!
为了忠于原文,且有助于大家理解,咱还是先看一段英文!
Three scientists
win Noble Prize in medicine for their gene-targeting
technique!
The$1.54million prize was
awarded Monday to Capecchi,70,of the university of Utah in Salt
Lake City; Oliver Smithies,82,a native Britain now at University of
North Carolina in Chapel Hill, and Sir Martin J.Evans, 66, of
Cardiff University in Wales.
Their gene-targeting
technique lets scientists deactivate or modifying individual genes
in mice and observe how those changes affect the animals. That in
turn gives clues about what those gene do in human health and
disease.
Their work led to a
powerful and widely used technique to manupulate genes in mice,
which has helped scientists study heart
disease,diabetes,cancer,systic fibrosis and other
diseases.
要想弄清楚什么是“基因靶向”(gene-targeting),这就不是件容易的事儿,因为你首先要建立在知道什么是基因的基础上,人体内的基因大体可分为功能性基因和非功能性基因(有的可能是目前还不知道其具体的功能),如上面提到的心脏病,帕金森病,糖尿病等可能就是由某些特定的功能性基因引起的,采用打靶的技术将相应的基因敲除掉(Knock
out),就可能治愈或彻底解决该疾病,从理论上是这样的,但是,
大多数疾病是多基因基病,或者是由关键性的功能性基因导致的,完全敲出后,个体就很难发育存活,因此并不是所有疾病都能够采用上述基因靶向技术治疗的!但是目前预测,至少对部分与遗传有关的疾病有很好的应用前景!
不知大家有没有听明白,或者看清楚?
至于我的朋友TREE, 那很好办,直接看上面的英文即可!