分类: 新概念英语 |
19世纪最不寻常的建筑也许要数水晶宫了,它是为1851年的“世界博览会”而建在海德公园的。这座水晶宫不同于世界上所有的其他建筑,因为它是用钢和玻璃建成的。它是有史以来最高大的建筑物之一,因此,人们从各个国家纷纷前来参观。大量的商品从世界各地运送到了博览会,参展的还有很多机器,其中最奇妙的是内史密斯的蒸汽锤。尽管在当时旅行不像现在这么容易,但汽船还是把成千上万的参观者从欧洲大陆送过了英吉利海峡。一到英国,火车就把他们送到了水晶宫。参观的人数总共是600万。博览会的赢利用来建造博物馆和高等学校。后来,“水晶宫”被移到了伦敦南部。在1936年被焚毁之前,它一直是世界上最著名的建筑物之一。
课堂笔记:
单词:
1)extraordinary
不平常的,不平凡的,格外的
Her talents are quite extraordinary.她才华出众。
(安排,会议等)特别的
an extraordinary meeting一个特别的会议
(官员)特派的,特命的
ambassador extraordinary特使
2)which was built in Hyde Park
这是一个非限定性关系从句,修饰逗号前的 the Crystal
Palace。这个从句如果去掉并不影响主句的意思。
3)be made
of由......制造(并没有发生任何化学变化,看得见原材料)
Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是由葡萄做成的。
Books are made from bamboos.
What's your bracelet made of?It's made of
gold.你的手镯是用什么材料做的。是金的
4)It was one of the biggest buildings of all
time......它是有史以来最高大的建筑物之一......
of all time
表示“有史以来”、“空前的”,常与形容词的最高级连用,表示范围:
He is one of the greatest men of all time.
他是有史以来最伟大的人物之一。
all-time空前的
He is one of the all-time great men
all the time一直
I just keep my finger crossed for you all the time
one
of+最高级+复数名词结构的语气比直接用形容词最高级+名词结构要缓和些,不那么绝对。试比较:
Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.
Yesterday was one of the hottest days of the year.
昨天是今年最热的一天。(语气非常肯定)
昨天是今年最热的日子之一。(语气暖和些)
5)various各种各样的
tents in various shapes and sizes各种形状和大小的帐篷
Their hobbies are many and various他们的爱好五花八门。
不止一个的,各个的
for various reasons由于种种原因
at various times多次
He wrote many books under various names.他用多种笔名来写书。
variety n.
6)There was also a great deal of machinery on display.
参展的还有很多机器。
(1)machinery 为“机器”、“机械装置”的总称,是集合名词,要
与单数动词搭配。某个具体的机器可用 machine 或者 a piece of
machinery来表示:
This is a wonderful piece of machinery/a wonderful machine.
这是一台奇妙的机器。
There is a lot of new machinery/There are many new machines in our
factory.
我们厂里有许多新机器。
Much new machinery has been installed已经安装了很多新机器。
转动部分
the machinery of a clock钟的转动部分
machinery of sth/for doing sth组织,机构
We have no machinery for dealing with
complaints.我们没有处理投诉的机构。
(2)on display 与下面一句话中的 on show
同义,都表示“陈列着”、“展示着”,在句子中可以作状语、定语或表语等:
All the new products were on show/display at the exhibition.
展览会上陈列着所有的新产品。(表语)
This is the best dress on display/show.
这是展出的最好的衣服。(定语)
Shall we put all these flowers on display/show?
我们要把所有这些花都陈列出来吗?(宾语补足语)
7)On arriving in England, 一到英国
8)There were six million visitors in all
参观的人数总共是600万......
in all 为固定短语,其含义之一为“总共”、“合计”:
I paid him £ 200 in all.
我一共付给他200 英镑。
At the wedding there were over 100 people in all.
参加婚礼的共有一百多人。
9)profit
(1)n.利润,赢利;得益:
Stores haven't made as much profit as usual this year.
今年商店的赢利不如往常多。(不可数名词)表示财务上的
They are only interested in a quick profit.
他们急功近利。(可数名词)表示企业或个人的赢利用单数
(2)vi.profit from sth 得益于某事物。获益,得益;获利:
I have profited much from your advice/this book/living
abroad.
你的建议/这本书/生活在国外使我获益匪浅。
(3)profit by
sth(不用于被动语态)从(经验,失误等)吸取教训
He obviously hasn't profited by his experiences.
他显然没有从他的经历中吸取教训。
10) It remained one of the most famous buildings in the
world......它一直是世界上最著名的建筑物之一......
(1)remain
在这里作系动词,表示“保持不变”、“仍然是”(后面可跟形容词、名词、动名词等):
Why did you remain silent/quiet at the dinner party?
你在宴会上为何一言不发?
They all remained standing while the manager talked.
经理讲话时他们一直站着。
(2)剩余,剩下,遗留
If you take 3 from 8,5 remains.8减3等于5
(3)停留,逗留
I remain in London until May我在伦敦一直呆到5月
(4)Let things remain as they are.一切保持现状吧
(5)remaining points 余下的要点
2.与on 有关的介词短语
在课文评注3 中我们学习了on display/show。on 还可以与其
他一些名词组成介词短语,常见的有:
(1)on business,因公(与 for pleasure 相对):
Last month he went to New York on business and had little time to
visitfriends.
他上月因公事去纽约,几乎没有时间拜访朋友。
(2)on foot,步行(与by bus, by car, by air 等相对):
I usually go to work by car, but this morning I went on foot.
我通常开车去上班,但今天上午我是步行去的。
(3)on duty,值班,值班的:
It was Sunday and there was only one doctor on duty.
那天是星期天,只有一位医生在值班。
(4)on the whole,总的看来,总的来说,大体上:
On the whole, he is a hard-working student.
总的来说,他是个用功的学生。
(5)on fire,起火,着火:
Soon the whole building was on fire.
整个大楼很快便都着火了。
(6)on purpose,故意地,有意地,特意地(与by chance 相对):
They have come here on purpose to see you.
他们特意来看望你。
She broke the vase on purpose.
她故意把花瓶打碎。
(7)on the average,平均,通常:
On the average, he works more than ten hours a
day.他平均每天要工作十多个小时
(8)on any account,无论如何,不管怎么说(通常用于否定句):
Do not interrupt him on any account.
你一定不要打断他(的话)。
(9)on second thought(s),经重新考虑后(thought
用单数或复数均可):
I intended to go to the party, but on second thought(s), I decided
to stay at
home.
我原打算去参加聚会,但经过重新考虑,决定呆在家里。