一．        单词词组

1.      stand for  代表    

2.      all over the world    全世界

3.      share…..with        和….分享

4.      be made up of  / consist of      由…..组成，构成

5.      mix…..with…..       把…..与…..混合

6.      pick up        拿起，拣起，中途搭人，偶然间习得，接送

7.      lift up         拿起， 举起

8.      contribute to    是……成因之一

9.      take control of  控制

10.  have an impact on   对……有冲击， 影响

11.  result in         结果， 导致   result from    由于， 因为

12.  work as        担当， 担任

13.  upper class people     上层人士

14.  mother tongue / language    母语  

15.  take the place of    取代， 代替

16.  depend on     视….. 而定，取决与  it all depends 视情况而定

17.  lose face      丢脸

18.  sort out       整理，把……分类

19.  in addition     另外， 加之

20.  throw away    扔掉，拿走

21.  take …..into consideration   考虑到， 顾及

22.  have a word with     和….. 说几句话     have words with sb …..和….吵架

23.  instead of            代替， 而不是

24.  right away            立刻， 马上     

25.  take action           采取行动

26.  look up              查找， 向上看

27.  a waste of time        浪费时间

28.  what if……           假如…..将会怎样

29.  care about            关注,关心,在意,担心   care for 喜欢，关心，照料

30.  at one time           曾经， 一度

31.  due to                由于， 因为

32.  agree with             同意， 适应

33.  take up               拿起，从事，占据

34.  get along with          进展， 相处

35.  up and down           上上下下

36.  get one’s attention       吸引…..的注意力

37.  relay on               依靠， 依赖

38.  for the first time         第一次

39.  look into one’s eyes      直视某人

40.  make fun of            取笑

41.  in a word       一句话， 总之， 简言之      in other words   换句话说

42.  Chinese character        汉字

43.  differ from….in…..      在….. 方面和…….不同

44.  as a whole              总体上

45.  turn into                使…..变成

46.  in broad sense           在广义上

47.  confusing rules          令人困惑的规则

48.  mix …with…..          把…..与…..混合起来

49.  be replaced by/with       被…….取代

50.  take…..into consideration  考虑到……

51.  look forward to sth / doing  希望得到某物,   希望做事情

52.  borrow words from other languages  从别的语言借用词语

53.  set a standard for sth   为什么制订标准

54.  official language      官方语言

55.  throughout history     贯穿历史

56.  official occasions      官方场合

57.  get along with sb      与某人相处

58.  from across the world  来自全世界

 二．        重要句式

1.      It is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.

①be certain that 对….. 确定

②本句划线部分用了用了虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反的情况

a.　 同现在事实相反的假设。
    句型 ： 条件从句　　　　　主句
　　　　一般过去时　　　should( would) +动词原形
　 例如：If they were here, they would help you.

 b.　 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
   句型： 条件从句　　　　　 主句　　　　　
　　　过去完成时　　　 should(would) have+ 过去分词
　 例如 ①If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.　　
　      ②The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.　
　      ③If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented                      

me from going.
　      ④If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
　       （含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.）
　      ⑤If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made      

greater progress. （含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.）

虚拟条件句的倒装

　虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
①Were they here now, they could help us.

=If they were here now, they could help us.
②Had you come earlier, you would have met him

=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.　
③Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
　=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
注意：
　 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
　 If I were you, I would go to look for him.
　　 如果我是你，就会去找他。
　 If he were here, everything would be all right.
　　 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

典型例题
　_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I　　 B. I were　C. Were I　D. Was I
　 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.

三．        词组练习

1. 贯穿整个历史_______     2. 由什么组成  ________

3. 用….. 来替代_______     4. 对….有冲击  ________

5. 导致…..结果________     6. 母语       _________

7. 官方场合   _______      8. 由于，因为 _________

9. 浪费时间   _______      10. 查阅生词  _________

11. 在意，在乎_______      12. 整理，把…分类_____

13. 与某人相处_______      14. 上上下下  _________

15. 取决于    _______      16. 上层人士  _________

四．        单选题

1．Mr. Li has been in London for a few months, so he doesn’t have much ______understanding English.

A. difficulty in           B. difficulties   

C. difficulty with          D. more difficulties

2. If you practice ______ English every day, your ______ English will be better.

   A. speaking; speaking      B. to speak; spoken

   C. speaking; spoken       D. to speak; speaking

3. Is American English______ British English?

   A. difference between       B. different between

   C. difference from          D. different from

4. Do you think ____ important_____ us to learn a foreign language?

   A. that; of     B. it: for     C. it: of     D. that: for

5. They don’t know much about _____ English language but they can speak English well.

   A. the: the     B. /; the     C. the; /      D. /: /

6. I planed to go there at nine o’clock, ______, I was an hour later when I arrived there.

   A. so that     B. however     C. instead     D. too

7. _____ new words have come into the language.

   A. A plenty of       B. A good many of    

C. A great many     D. A great deal of

 

8. -----Have you considered where ______ your holiday?

  -----I’m considering ______ to Hong Kong .

   A. to spend; going      B. to spend; to go

   C. spending; going      D. spending; to go

9. The present promised to keep all the board members _____ of the negotiation were going on.

   A. inform     B. informing     C. be informed     D. informed

10. As we know, a chess set____ 32 chessmen.

   A. consists in     B. consists of     C. is consisted in     D. is consisted of

11. ____ all the shortcomings you mentioned, he is a man to depend on.

   A. In spite     B. Although     C. Though     D. Despite

12. ____ no need for you to get up early tomorrow.

   A. You have     B. It is     C. There is     D. It is

13. We should make greater contributions_____ the cause of socialism.

   A. for      B. to      C. of      D. on

14. Important people don’t have much spare time, as their work_____ all their time.

   A. takes away     B. take up     C. take over     D. takes on

15. Walk your own way. Don’t_____ what others say.

   A. care of     B. care about     C. notice     D. take care of

16.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard-----____, you failed

   A. in the end     B. after all     C. in other words     D. at the same time

17. He ____ me to come to my party, but until it was over, he didn’t appear at all.

   A. asked     B. told     C. promised     D. suggested

18. He is in ____ control of the company. I mean, the company is in _____ control of him.

   A. the; 不填     B. 不填；the     C. the; the     D. 不填；不填

19. I don’t think he is the right person_____.

   A. to depend on       B. that I can depend   

 C. I can depend on     D. to be depended

20. Eating too much fat can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

   A. result from     B. contribute to     C. attend to     D. devote to

21. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A. this　　　 B. that　　　 C. it　　　　D. he

22. I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.　　　A. this　　　 B. that　　　　 C. its　　　　　 D. it

23. Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A. this　　　　 B. that　　　　 C. he　　　　　 D. it

24. I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.

 A. it　　　　 B .that　　　　　　 C. these　　 D. them

25. ________ is well known to us all, the earth is round.
　　A. That      B. As    C. It     D. Which

26. A. computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.

   A. how     B. after     C. what     when

27. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______it was?

       A．where    B．what   C．how   D．which

28．－－I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

－－Is that ______ you had a few days off?

A. why　　　 　　 B. when　　　　  C. what　　　　　　D. where

29．Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom?

A. that        B. what         C. as          D. which

30．Energy is ____makes thing work..

   A. what B. something C. anything   D. that

31. Please tell me___ you would like to have your coffee--- black or white?

A. what      B. where     C. which      D. how

32. Many people thought little of me, but I did what___.

  A I thought I was right   B I thought it was right

  C I thought was right    D. I was thought right

33. ___ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.

  A. He       B. It           C. That      D. What

34. In some countries,___ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.

  A. that     B. which    C. as    D. what

35. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.

   A.  that ;had to leave   B.  that; should leave

   C.  /; must leave        D.  when; should leave

36. Information has been put  forward ____ more middle school graduates   will be admitted into universities.   

 A. while    B. that     C. when      D. as

37. This is one of the examples of _______ by telegraph.

   A. how are messages sent     B. that messages are sent

   C. that are messages sent      D. how messages are sent

38. ______ would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _____ there are all kinds of difficulties.

A. Who; somewhere      B. Whoever; where

C. Whatever; anywhere    D. Who; there

39. She took it for granted _______I'd be back home an hour ago.

    A. that        B. whether      C. if        D. when

40. ___________ she said suggested that she hadn’t decided __________ to go or not.

A. What; if   B. That; whether  C. What; whether  D. What;  whichever

41. __________ gone is gone. ____________ no use talking about it anymore.

A. That’s; It’s   B. What’s; It’s  C. it’s; That’s  D. That’s; That’s

42. _______his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.

    A. That        B. Whether      C. If     D. Even if

43. -----Did you hear the news this morning.

-----Oh, yes, ______was announced on the radio has caused great excitement among the pupils.

    A. that     B. what      C. something   D. all what

44. It was true ___ Alice did surprised her mother.
　  A. that;  what     B. what ; that      C. that;  that    D. all;  that

45. What I'm considering now ____ the money we need.
　  A. is       B. are      C. were       D. was

46. ---- Do ________ you think is right, ____ they say.
---- Yes, I ______.
D. as; what; do           B. as; whatever; will  
C. what; what; can       D. what; whatever; will

47.____ seems strange to us is ____ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers.
A. It; that      B. What; how      C. It; how      D. What; that 

48. It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me. 
A. What; that    B. That; that         C. What; what       D. That; what 

49.  —I think it is going to be a big problem.
—Yes, it could be.
—I wonder ______ we can do about it. 
　A、if       B、how        C、what      D、that

50. It has kept raining a few days. This is _____ there is so much water here and there.

     A. how     B. that     C. whether     D. why

 四．单词拼写

1．His face was r_______ in the mirror.

2. The green colors on the map r_____ plains.

3. The theory of relativity is rather c_______.

4. The government did whatever they could to prevent the disease from s_____ to other countries.

5. He failed in the English exam, mainly because he has a poor v______.

6. Canada has two o_____ languages: English and French.

7. I knew the town well, so I had no d______ finding his home.

8. For westerners, Chinese c_______ are hard to wrote.

9. Because neither of them can win the election(选举), the two parties in the country have c______ to form a government.

10. For students, their future d_______ on how well they do in the entrance exams.

11.White is always a _____(象征) of purity.

12. From the old man’s _____ (方言)， I think he comes from the south of China.

13. The war has lasted for years. It will take quite a long time for the government to bring the country under _____(控制).

14. Do you know why water cannot be _____（混合） with oil.

15. With the _____（发展）of science and technology, it is not too difficult for human beings to go and travel in space.

16.Now traveling in five _______(欧洲的) countries, including France, Germany, Austria, Vatican and Italy, in 10 days costs one about 14,000 yuan.

17. Mr. Wang sets high ______(标准) for every student in his class.

18. He ______(答应，许诺) to be here at nine o’clock.

19. He worked so hard that ______(最后) he made himself ill.

20. The woman turned and walked off in the ______(相反的) direction.

答案： 1. reflected     2. represent     3. complex     4. spreading     5. standards     6. promised      7. eventually  8. opposite

       9. combined      10. depends      11. symbol     12. dialect

       13. control      14. mixed        15. development 16.European

       17. standard     18. promised     19. eventually 20. opposite