语法：强调

强调结构是用特定的方法使句子中的某个部分突出出来，以达到强化这个部分的目的。在英语中，强调的方法有很多，包括运用语言、语调、单词、短语以及语法等手段。常见的强调形式：

1． 增加单词来强调

此类单词有：so,such,just,right,very,pretty,single,really,indeed以及反身代词等。如：

I have never seen such a lazy person in my whole life.（这么）

So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.

Fortunately,he was just in time for the first train in the morning.（刚好）

It’s unbelievable that the woman herself could lift so heavy a box.（自己一个人）

This is the very English dictionary that I have been looking for.（就是，正是）

The manager was right in the office when I arrived at the company by metro (地铁)。（正好）

2． 增加短语来强调

常用的短语有：on earth,in the world,by no means(位于句首需用倒装）,not…at all等。如：

“What on earth are you doing now?” asked the policeman.（究竟，到底）

Though we are good friends,I don’t agree with you at all this time.（根本不）

I have to point out that this job can by no means be accomplished overnight.（决不）

3． 用助动词do,does,did来强调

可以用来强调肯定陈述句或祈使句的动词。如：

Do come early tomorrow morning,or you will be fined.（务必，一定）

The new exchange student does hope to go to the evening party with us.（确实）

My mother did sing well in the past because she used to be a teacher.（的确，确实）

4.       将“地点”提前加以强调

On the table were some flowers. 桌上摆了一些花。

5．用强调句来强调

强调句的基本结构是It + be +被强调部分+that (who/whom)+原句剩余部分。被强调部分可以是简单句中除谓语以外的其它成分，也可以是主从复合句中的从句。如：

It was our we that/who saved my little younger sister.（强调主语）

It was him that/whom they saw stealing yesterday in the supermarket.（强调宾语）

It is by sending e-mail that they keep in touch with each other.（强调状语）

It was only when I reread this poem recently that I began to appreciate its beauty.（强调从句）

注意：

（1） 强调句形中的it没有实际意义，由于it处在主语位置，即使被强调的主语是复数，动词只用单数。强调主语时用主格。如：

It was Tom and Mike that /who helped us out.

It is we who/that have passed the driving test.

（2） 强调句的一般疑问句就是直接把动词置于句首；特殊疑问句就是把被强调的特殊疑问词置于句首。如：

Is it next week that we will hold another football match ?

Who was it that taught you English ten years ago ?

How was it that you managed to deal with such difficult problems ?

（3） 强调not …until…结构时，not要放在until之前。即：It is/was not until…that….如：It was not until all fish died that people realized how serious pollution was.

  It was not until midnight that they came back. 

not…until…还可以这样强调：

  Not until all fish died did people realize how serious pollution was.

  Not until midnight did they come back.

（4） 在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when,where,why或how等；特别要注意不能同定语从句等相混淆。如：

Was it during World War II that he lost his devoted son. ?

It was for this reason that the naughty boy got severely punished.

区别强调句型和定语从句的方法是：若将和去掉而句中不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句；若结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。试比较:

It was on October 5,1999 that the new city was founded.(强调句）

那个新城市确实是于1999年10月5日成立的。

It was October 5,1999 when their first son was born.(定语从句)

他们第一个儿子的出生时间是1999年10月5日。

（5） 强调句与其它的交融使用

It was the village where I was brought up that I visited yesterday.

昨天我们参观的是我在那长大的村子。（与定语从句结合）

I can’t remember how many years ago it was that I entered the factory.

我记不清到底是多少年前进厂的了。（与宾语从句的结合）

When I asked him when it was that he took my dictionary,he made no answer.

我问他究竟何时拿了我的字典，他没吱声。（与状语从句的结合）

【考考你】

一、      单项填空

1.It was only when I recovered from being ill _____I began to realize how important health is to a person.

A.until         B.that            C.then                   D.so

2.It was ____ 1920 _____regular radio broadcast began.

 A.until;that    B.not until;when  C.until;when        D.not until;that

3.Was _____that I saw at the concert last night ?

 A.it you        B.not you      C.you              D.yourself

4.It was evening ____ we reached the little town of Winchester.

   A.that       B.until         C.since                  D.before

 5.It was with great joy _____ he received the news _____his lost daughter had been found.

  A.because;that   B.that ;why        C.which;which      D.that;that

 6.My teacher asked me _____ Daniel got injured in the leg.

  A.how was it that    B.how it was that

   C.how it was which       D.how was it which

7.It was not until she had arrived home _____ her appointment with the doctor.

  A.did she remember        B.that she remembered

  C.when she remembered     D.had she remembered

 8.It was on the farm _____ my father used to work _____ I was born.

  A.that;that     B.where;where       C.where;that       D.that;where

  9._____ that she was still weak in English ?

    A.Why it was  B.Why was it  C.It was why         D.Was it why

10.____ that electricity plays such an  important part in our daily life?

  A.What is it    B.What does it       C.Why does it        D.Why is it

 11._____she is not so healthy _____she used to be ?

    A.Why it is that;as                       C.Is it why that;that

  C.Why is it that;as                       D.Why is it that;that

 12.---Mary !______and visit us some day.

    --All right .

   A.Do come      B.Do comes           C.Does come         D.Did come

 13.It was _____computer games that the boy took a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

  A.to have played     B.playing  C.played         D.having played

 14.---Is it my age _______the boss minds.

  --I’m afraid not.He will consider _____necessary to have an experienced assistant.

  A.which;it      B.that;it   C.which;that           D.that;that

 15.Such a naughty boy _____ that nobody likes him.

   A.he is         B.he was    C.is he                   D.was he

二、   单句改错(每个句子有一处错误，找出并改正)

1．  It was in this small village where she was born.

2It were Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.

3It was September 9,1990 that the little girl was born.

4 It was for this reason why Edward quitted his job in the famous company.

5．  He do work very tired after finishing the complex task by himself.

6．  By no means I will give up learning English.

7You did helped me in time of difficulty.

8Do more careful next time if you want to get a better mark in the exam.

9．It is Mr Green who often help others when they are in trouble.

 10.  It is him that is to blame for the mistake.

三、 完成句子

1. It is _________________(很有趣的一部电影)that I want to see it again.

2.  It  ____________________(直到他告诉我)that I knew the truth.

3.  He________________(确实出席) the meeting the day before yesterday.

4. _____________(到底多少次)that you go to see your parents every month?

5. __________________(是在二战期间)that he died.

6.  It was ___________________(就是昨晚九点)he went to the park.

7. It was twelve o’clock at midnight ______________(他们到达一个小村庄).

8. It was _________（他最好的衣服)that John wore to the dance last night.

9.  He ____（真的很喜欢)the new bicycle his father gave him as a present.

10.   _____________________________(正是从20世纪90年代初)scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agriculture production

 without harming the environment.

    Grammar～Project

选择:

The books are in my possession.This sentence has the same meaning as       .

A.I am in possession of the books.

B.I am in the possession of the books.

C.The books are in the possession of me.

D.Both A and C.

9.tendency n.倾向,趋向

a tendency to alcoholism 酗酒的倾向

tendency to 趋向……

tendency to do sth.做……的趋向

tend vi倾向于

tend to do sth.倾向于做某事

选择:

The sort of music he listens to      ,but tends      pop music.

A.      vary,to B.varies,to C.various,toward D.various,to

10.give thought to 考虑,思考

I have given enough thought to the matter.

be lost in thought 陷入沉思

without thought 不假思索

have thought of…有……的打算

thought for…对……的体谅/关怀

thoughtful adj.细心的,体贴的

①I’ll give       to your suggestion that we     a party in honor of the experienced professor.

A.      much thought,hold B.many thoughts,should hold

C.much thought,will hold D.some thought,can

②      in thought,he didn’t notice the teacher come in,standing by him.

A.  Losing B.Lose C.Loses D.Lost

③I have no thought      annoying you.

A.      for  B.on   C.of   D.in

11.boredom n.厌倦,乏味,无聊

They yawned with boredom during the long speech.

bore vt.使……厌烦

bored adj.厌烦的

boring adj.令人厌烦的

be bored with…对……厌烦

bore sb.with sth./by doing sth.以……令人厌烦

练一练:

①He always bores her         the same story.

A.      with B.by telling C.at D.both A and B

②We are       with the         film.

A.      bored,bored B.boring,boring C.bored,boring D.boring,bored

    单词拼写:

1.   Some people still believe in _________ (魔法).

2.   He is a  ________ (代表) of a country.

3.   What is your  v___________ on school punishment.

4.   People who work in banks know about _________ (金融).

5.  Traffic in the city was  ________ (阻断) by a snowstorm.

6. It is the p_________ of the government to improve education.

7. Can you ______ ( 区分) the different musical instruments playing now?

8.   They are _________ (联合抵制) the shop.

9. Those who can  ________ (预见) difficulties  on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.

10.  When will the eggs h______ ?

11. There must be _______ (公平的) play whatever the competition is .

12.Your actions _________ (同…矛盾)your principles.

13.  He looked ________ (向后) to see who was following him.

14.  The workers got a Christmas ________ (额外津贴).

15.  The music film is Mrs Wilson’s _______ (作品) in the competition..

16.  He  _________ (很少)comes here anymore.

17.  Why did you leave these ________ (衣服) on the floor.

18.  The earth’s _________ (影子)sometimes falls on the moon.

19.  ___________准许进入) by ticket only.

20.   How can I _________ (报答) your kindness.

21.   I like Shakespeare’s _____________ (喜剧)

22.   I find all the  c________ in his new play very real.

23.   We go for a walks in the fields o_______.

24.   The old man told of an e________ story.

25.   We’ve got three cats --------two f_______ and a male.

26.   Stop living in a f________ world

27.   He’s very s______ about his weight

28.   C______ to popular belief,many cats dislike milk.

29.   A police car polluted up a_____ us.

30.   Your name had been d_____ from this list.

      短语

1. 看待…                           16. 达成共识

2. 业余导演                         17. 考虑，思考

3. 为…辩护                         18. 正相反

4. 不管，不顾                       19. 怀疑某人做…

5. 区分…和…                       20. 担任，管理

6. 只要，如果                       21. 使某人满意的是

7. 达到我们的标准                   22. 弘扬高质量的电影

8. 接管                             23. 与其说…倒不如说

9. 幻想，梦想                       24. 国际电影节

10. 对…敏感                        25. 每周一次的节目

11. 和…相反                        26. 参加做…事情

12. 让你觉得眩晕                    27. 听说，听到

13. 获胜                            28. 退步

14. 占少数                          29. 享有好的声誉

15. 入场券                          30. …的亮点

 完成句子

1． 别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。

He ___ ___ get angry easily when people ___ his ideas.

2.我小时候做梦都不敢想拥有这么大的房子。

  I had never ___ ____ ____ such a large house when I was a child.

3.只要你答应好好爱护它，我会把书借给你的。

  I will ___ my book ___ you ___ ___ ____ you promise to take good care of it.

4.他们达成了一个协议，决定不将秘密透漏给其他人。

  They ____ _____ ____ that no one should tell the secret to others.

5.那对双胞胎兄弟看上去太像了，我实在无法把他们分辨开来。

  The twin brothers look so similar that I really can’t ____ ____ them.

6. 我们学校的学生罢课是不可能。

  It is ____ for the students in our school ___  ____.

7.我们举办电影节的想法早在1978就已筹划。

  The idea for our film festival was ___ ____ in 1978.

8.他获准加入俱乐部。

  He _____ _____ to the club.

9.她不顾她的反对而出去了。

  She went out ____ ___ her _____.

10.我是代表其他成员提出要求的。

   My demand is ____ _____ that of the other members.