诗经中英今文（154）

七月

（豳风，开始）

    1）七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱发，二之日栗烈。无衣无褐，何以卒岁？三之日于耜，四之日举趾。同我妇子，馌彼南亩。田畯至喜。

    2）七月流火，九月授衣。春日载阳，有鸣仓庚。女执懿筐，遵彼微行，爰求柔桑。春日迟迟，采蘩祁祁。女心伤悲，殆及公子同归。

    3）七月流火，八月萑苇。蚕月条桑，取彼斧斨。以伐远扬，猗彼女桑。七月鸣鵙，八月载绩。载玄载黄，我朱孔阳，为公子裳。

    4）四月秀葽，五月鸣蜩。八月其获，十月陨萚。一之日于貉，取彼狐狸，为公子裘。二之日其同，载缵武功。言私其豵，献豣于公。

    5）五月斯螽动股，六月莎鸡振羽。七月在野，八月在宇，九月在户，十月蟋蟀，入我床下。穹窒熏鼠，塞向墐户。嗟我妇子，曰为改岁，入此室处。

6）六月食郁及薁，七月亨葵及菽。八月剥枣，十月获稻。为此春酒，以介眉寿。七月食瓜，八月断壶，九月叔苴，采荼薪樗。食我农夫。

    7）九月筑场圃，十月纳禾稼。黍稷重穋，禾麻菽麦。嗟我农夫，我稼既同，上入执宫功。昼尔于茅，宵尔索綯，亟其乘屋，其始播百谷。

    8）二之日凿冰冲冲，三之日纳于凌阴。四之日其蚤，献羔祭韭。九月肃霜，十月涤场。朋酒斯飨，曰杀羔羊， 跻彼公堂。称彼兕觥：万寿无疆！

SEVENTH MONTH

(THE ODES OF BIN) (SHI JING, BOOK OF ODES)

    1）In the seventh month, the Fire Star passes the meridian ;In the 9th month, clothes are given out. In the days of [our] first month, the wind blows cold ;In the days of [our] second, the air is cold ; – Without the clothes and garments of hair, How could we get to the end of the year ?In the days of [our] third month, they take their ploughs in hand ;In the days of [our] fourth, they take their way to the fields. Along with my wife and children, I carry food to them in those south-lying acres. The surveyor of the fields comes, and is glad.

    2）In the seventh month, the Fire Star passes the meridian ;In the ninth month, clothes are given out. With the spring days the warmth begins, And the oriole utters its song. The young women take their deep baskets, And go along the small paths, Looking for the tender [leaves of the] mulberry trees. As the spring days lengthen out, They gather in crowds the white southernwood. That young lady's heart is wounded with sadness, For she will [soon] be going with one of our princess as his wife.

    3）In the seventh month, the Fire Star passes the meridian ;In the eighth month are the sedges and reeds. In the silkworm month they strip the mulberry branches of their leaves, And take their axes and hatchets, To lop off those that are distant and high ;Only stripping the young trees of their leaves. In the seventh month, the shrike is heard ;In the eighth month, they begin their spinning ; –They make dark fabrics and yellow. Our red manufacture is very brilliant, It is for the lower robes of our young princes.

    4）In the fourth month, the Small grass is in seed. In the fifth, the cicada gives out its note. In the eighth, they reap. In the tenth, the leaves fall. In the days of [our] first month, they go after badgers, And take foxes and wild cats, To make furs for our young princes. In the days of [our] second month, they have a general hunt, And proceed to keep up the exercises of war. The boars of one year are for themselves ;Those of three years are for our prince.

    5）In the fifth month, the locust moves its legs ;In the sixth month, the spinner sounds its wings. In the seventh month, in the fields ;In the eighth month, under the eaves ;In the ninth month, about the doors ;In the tenth month, the cricket Enters under our beds. Chinks are filled up, and rats are smoked out ;The windows that face [the north] are stopped up ;And the doors are plastered.' Ah ! our wives and children,' Changing the year requires this :Enter here and dwell.'

    6）In the sixth month they eat the sparrow-plums and grapes ;In the seventh, they cook the Kui and pulse, In the eighth, they knock down the dates ;In the tenth, they reap the rice ;And make the spirits for the spring, For the benefit of the bushy eyebrows. In the seventh month, they eat the melons ;In the eighth, they cut down the bottle-gourds ;In the ninth, they gather the hemp-seed ;They gather the sowthistle and make firewood of the Fetid tree ;To feed our husbandmen.

    7）In the ninth month, they prepare the vegetable gardens for their stacks, And in the tenth they convey the sheaves to them ;The millets, both the early sown and the late, With other grain, the hemp, the pulse, and the wheat.' O my husbandmen, Our harvest is all collected. Let us go to the town, and be at work on our houses. In the day time collect the grass, And at night twist it into ropes ;Then get up quickly on our roofs ; – We shall have to recommence our sowing. '

    8）In the days of [our] second month, they hew out the ice with harmonious blows ;And in those of [our] third month, they convey it to the ice-houses,[Which they open] in those of the fourth, early in the morning, Having offered in sacrifice a lamb with scallions. In the ninth month, it is cold, with frost ;In the tenth month, they sweep clean their stack-sites. The two bottles of spirits are enjoyed, And they say, ' Let us kill our lambs and sheep, And go to the hall of our prince, There raise the cup of rhinoceros horn, And wish him long life, – that he may live forever. '

【今译】

    1）七月火星向西落，九月妇女缝寒衣。十一月北风劲吹，十二月寒气袭人。没有好衣没粗衣，怎么度过这年底？正月开始修锄犁，二月下地去耕种。带着妻儿一同去，把饭送到南边地，田官赶来吃酒食。

    2）七月火星向西落，九月妇女缝寒衣。春天阳光暖融融，黄鹏婉转唱着歌。姑娘提着深竹筐，一路沿着小道走。伸手采摘嫩桑叶，春来日子渐渐长。 人来人往采白蒿，姑娘心中好伤悲，要随贵人嫁他乡。

    3）七月火星向西落，八月要把芦苇割。三月修剪桑树枝，取来锋利的斧头。 砍掉高高长枝条， 攀着细枝摘嫩桑。七月伯劳声声叫， 八月开始把麻织。染丝有黑又有黄，我的红色更鲜亮，献给贵人做衣裳。 

    4）四月远志结了籽，五月知了阵阵叫。 八月田间收获忙， 十月树上叶子落。 十一月上山猎貉， 猎取狐狸皮毛好， 送给贵人做皮袄。十二月猎人会合， 继续操练打猎功。 打到小猪归自己， 猎到大猪献王公。

    5）五月蚱蜢弹腿叫，六月纺织娘振翅。 七月蟋蟀在田野， 八月来到屋檐下。 九月蟋蟀进门口，十月钻进我床下。堵塞鼠洞熏老鼠，封好北窗糊门缝。 叹我妻儿好可怜， 岁末将过新年到， 迁入这屋把身安。

    6）六月食李和葡萄，七月煮葵又煮豆。八月开始打红枣，十月下田收稻谷。酿成春酒美又香， 为了主人求长寿。七月里面可吃瓜。

    7）八月到来摘葫芦。九月拾起秋麻子，采摘苦菜又砍柴，养活农夫把心安。九月修筑打谷场，十月庄稼收进仓.黍稷早稻和晚稻，粟麻豆麦全入仓。 叹我农夫真辛苦，庄稼刚好收拾完，又为官家筑宫室。 白天要去割茅草， 夜里赶着搓绳索。赶紧上房修好屋， 开春还得种百谷。

    8）十二月凿冰冲冲，正月搬进冰窖中。 二月开初祭祖先， 献上韭菜和羊羔。 九月寒来始降霜， 十月清扫打谷场。两槽美酒敬宾客，宰杀羊羔大家尝。登上主人的庙堂，举杯共同敬主人。齐声高呼寿无疆。

（江湖侠客吴仲湛 编辑 ）