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新目标英语八年级上册第九单元Section B 解析及拓展

(2011-03-20 00:00:04)
标签:

新目标英语

八年级上册

第九单元

section

b

解析及拓展

教育

分类: 八年级上册9-12单元教材解析

Section B 解析及拓展

1aLook at these people under each picture. Write one or two words to describe the person.

看下图中人物,在每一幅图下写上一至二个描写人物的词。

    talented 有才能的、天才的

     

    loving钟情的、亲爱的

    outstanding杰出的

    beautiful美丽的、好看的

    creative有创造力的

    kind和善的

    unusual不寻常的,罕见的

     

    famous著名的

     

  talent n.天才、天资、才干

    have a talent for drawing有绘画天才

    a child with talent聪颖过人的孩子

  talented a.有天才的;有才干的:

    a talented musician一个天才音乐家

    She was talented with her hands.她的双手很灵巧。

  unusual a.不寻常的;少有的

    an unusual sound异常的声音

    a scholar of unusual ability有非凡才能的学者

    It was not unusual for me to come home at two or three in the morning.

    凌晨两三点钟回家对我来说是很平常的事。

  famous

  a.著名的,出名的

    a famous author一位名作家

    a famous native product of China著名的中国土产

    be famous for以……而著称于世,因……而出名

    China is famous for her long history.

    中国以其悠久的历史而著称于世。

  b.一流的,极好的

    He has a famous appetite.他的胃口极好。

    He is a famous drinker.他们酒量极大。

1bGROUPWORK小组活动

    Imagine you know the people in the pictures above.Tell your group a bout the people.

想象一下,假如你认识下面图画中的人,和你同组的伙伴谈论一下。

    A: Arthur is a loving grandfather.亚瑟是一位可爱的祖父。

    He spends all his free time with his.grandchildren.

                                          

    他所有的空闲时间是和他的孙子们一起度过的。

  spend v.“花费”;“度过”

    spend的主语只能是人,宾语可以是金钱、时间、精力等。常用句型为:

    Sb.+spend+some moneytime+on sth.

    Sb.+spend+some moneytime+indoing sth.如;

    Mr Brown spent most of his money on booksin buying books.

    布朗先生买书花费了他的大部分钱。

  grandchildren孙儿

    grandfather祖父或外祖父

    grandmother祖母或外祖母

    grandaunt叔祖母

2aListen. Two people are talking about people they admire.Circle the words in the list in

                                                                     

 activity 1a that you hear.

听录音,两个人在谈论他们仰慕的人。将1a中你听到的单词划出采。

  talk about谈论,谈(某话题);谈及(某人、某事)。如:

    We were talking about our children and how well they're doing in school.

    我们一直在谈论我们的孩子,谈他们在学校里学习的如何。

    Talk about a wonderful holiday! All our money was stolen!

    说什么美好的假日!我们所有的钱都被盗了!

  circle n.圆,圆圈;圆周。如:

    Draw a circle.画出一个圆圈。

    Stand in a circle.围成一圆圈站着。

  ▲认使转圈子;环绕……移动。如:

    The train circles the inner city.火车环绕内城行驶。

  v.围着,圈起。如:

    A big crowd circled the place.一大群人把那地方围了起来。

  list n.表,一览表;make a list造表。vt.把……编成一览表。如:

    Mother listed the items she wanted to buy before Christmas.

    母亲把圣诞节前要买的东西开了张单子。

    His name is listed in the telephone directory.

    电话簿上登有他的名字。

2bListen again.Are the sentences about Midori or Laura? Write Mor Lon the lines.

再听一遍,确定这些句子哪些是关子迈得里哪些是关于劳拉的。在横线上写上“M”或者“L”。

  ______She is a famous violinist.

        她是一位著名的小提琴家。

  ______She was born in 1971.

        她出生于1971年。

  ______She started ice skating when she was four.

        4岁就开始练习滑冰。

  ______I saw her play when I was eight.

         

        当我8岁时就看见过她弹奏小提琴。

  ______She's a kind and loving grandmother.

        她是一位和蔼的令人喜欢的老奶奶。

  ______She was born in 1932.她出生于1932年。

  ______She became a skating champion when she was ten.

        10岁就赢得了滑冰冠军。

  ______She toured the U.S. when she was fourteen.

           

        14岁就游遍美国。

see过去式为sawmake1ethearwatchseefeelhelp等动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一般不带to表示动作已完成。如:

    The strange thing made me feel thirsty.

    这个奇怪的东西使我感到口渴。

    I saw her go into the house.我看她进了那座房子。

  ▲如果由现在分词作宾补足语则表示动作正在进行。如:

    I saw her going into the house.我看见她正往房子走去。

  ▲当以上所提到的谓语动词改为被动语态时,后面的不定式须带to

    I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I was young.

    我小的时候我哥哥经常叫我干这干那。

touredtour的过去式。tour认旅行,漫游,旅行,巡迥。如:

    a round-the-world tour环球旅行。

    They are touring in Spain.他们正在西班牙游玩。

2CPAIRWORK结对练习

  Look at the activity 2b.Ask and answer questions about Midori and Laura.

  2b中的活动,就迈得里和劳拉的有关问题进行问答。

  A: Who's Midori?迈得里是谁?

  B: She's a famous violinist.她是一位著名的小提琴演奏家。

  A: When was she born?她什么时候出生的?

  B: She was born in 1971.她出生于1971年。

  A: When did she tour the U. S. ? 她什么时间开始漫游美国?

Read the article and fill in the chart.

  读文章并填写表格。

Li Yundi, the famous Chinese pianist, always loves music. He was born in 1982 in Changing. While still a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four, and he started to learn the piano when he was seven. In October 2000, Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition in Warsaw, Poland. He won the first prize in the under-fifteen age group. He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the Chopin International Piano Competition to receive such an honor.

    中国著名的钢琴家李云迪一直热衷于音乐。他1982年出生于重庆。当他还是个小孩子的时候,他就能哼唱歌曲并能哼唱较难的乐曲。

    他四岁时开始学习手风琴,七岁开始学钢琴。在2000lo月,他参加了波兰华沙举行的第十四届肖邦国际钢琴大赛。他获得十五岁以下年龄组第一名,他也是肖邦国际钢琴赛70年历史上取得如此盛誉的第一位中国钢琴家。

When(何时)

What(做什么)

___________

was born出生

While still a small boy当还是孩子时

_____________

___________

began to learn the accordion开始学手风琴

When he was seven当他七岁时

_____________

___________

take part in the 14th International Piano Competitior参加第14届肖邦国际钢琴大赛

famous sdj.著名的;出名的。be famous for…以……而著名(=be well known for…)

  a famous scientist著名的科学家。

  The town is famous for its gambling casino.

  The town is well known for its gambling casino.

  该城以其赌场而驰名。

pianist钢琴弹奏者,钢琴家。piano钢琴,play the piano弹钢琴。

【注】弹乐器,动词为Play。乐器前要加定冠词the,如:play the violin拉小提琴,play the drum打鼓。运动、球类,动词也用play,但球类前不加the。如:play football踢足球,play basketball打篮球。

while作名词时,表示时间,一段时间。

  Where have you been all this while?

  这一阵子你一直在哪儿?

  We're going away for a while.

  我们要出门一阵子。

  I'll be back in a while, soon.

  我很快就会回来。

once in a while偶尔,有时。

  while作连词时有以下几种意思,当……时候,和……同时;(含相对之意)而,却;(含有让步之意)虽然。

  He fell asleep while he was doing his English exercises.

  他在做英文练习时睡着了。

  While in London she studied music.

  她在伦敦的时候研究音乐。

  James was dressed in brown while Peter was dressed in blue.

  詹姆斯穿的是咖啡色衣服,而彼得穿的是蓝色衣服。

  While I admit that problems are difficultI don't agree that they can't be solved.

  虽然我承认这些问题很困难,但是我不同意不能解决他们。

still“还,仍然”的意思,相当于yetstill表示“某事尚在进行中”,常用于肯定句中,也用在疑问句或否定句中,在否定句中须放在否定词之前。yet表示“某事尚未发生或完成”,多用于否定句或带否定词的陈述句中。

at the age of在某人……岁时,后跟年龄数,相当于when引导的时间状语从句。

  At the age of 12,Edison started writing his own newspaper.

  When he was 12,Edison started writing his own newspaper.

  在爱迪生12岁时,他就开始写自己的报纸。

  He went to school at the age of 6.他六岁时上学。

take part in表示“参加、加入”,指参加某一活动并在其中起积极作用。如:

  I took part in the game。我参加了这场比赛。

  Do you take an active part in the sports meeting?

  你积极参加运动会吗?

Join也表示“参加,加入”,指加入了某党派,团体,人群,游戏等中成

  为一个成员,相当于become a member of。常见的搭配有:

  a:join+党派团体名词”表示加入某一党派或团体。如:

    He joined the Party last year.他去年入党了。

  b:joinin+某活动”表示参加某活动,这是相当于take part in。如:

    He joined in the game.他加入了比赛。

  c:join sb.in表示和某人一起做事。如:

    Won't you join us in the play?你不愿和我们一起玩吗?

  d:join sb.表示加入到某人群中(一起做事)。如:

    I will join you later.我随后就加入你们。

14th可写为fourteenth“第14”,序数词,基数词变序数词口诀:

  基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th

  一二三特殊记,词尾字母tddfirstsecondthird)。

  八减t,九减eeighthninth),f来把ve替(fifthtwelfth)。

  单词y作词尾,y变成ietwentiethninetieth)。

  若是碰到几十几(twenty-one),只变个位就可以(twenty first)。

win“赢,胜”,过去式和过去分词为wonwon,现在分词winning,名词winner

  We all hope our team will win.我们都希望我们队能打赢。

  win a cup赢得奖杯

  win the war赢得战争

  win sb's love争取到某人的爱

also也,而且,还。

  His wife is also French。他的妻子也是法国人。

not onlybut also不但……而且……,表示“也”的词还有:as welltooeither,但他们的用法有所不同:

also用于肯定句,常放在句中,位于系动词或助动词之后,谓语动词之前。如:

  John also plays the piano.约翰也弹钢琴。

as well用于肯定句,一般放在句末,如:

  He speaks French and English as well.

  他既能说法语也能说英语。

tooas well一样,用于肯定句中,一般放在句末。但too可以紧接在主语后面,在“简略答语”里用于宾格代词之后。如:

  I,too,will help you.我也要帮助你。

  I want to eat an apple.我想吃个苹果。

  Me too.我也想吃。

either用于否定句中,一般放在句末。肯定句变否定句时,其中的

  alsotoo等要改成either。如:

  I don't watch TV, either.我也没看电视。

  He won't go, either.他也不去。

receive接受,接收,领取;

  receive a gift收到礼物

  receive new ideas接受新思想

  receive an education受教育。

  We can receive news from foreign countries.我们能多外国收到新闻。

▲类似意义的词:accept接受,同意。

  I received 9 giftbut I didn't accept it.

  我收到一份礼物,但我不接受它。

11such作为形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。

such这样的,如:

  It's such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。

  It's such an important match.这是一场如此重要的比赛。

such常和as搭配,表示一种类别,如:

  We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢像她那样的嗓子。

  Don't get on with such a man as he不要与他这样的人相处。

such常和表示结果的that从句搭配,表示“如此……以至于……”。如:

    It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.

    天气太热,我们都只好呆在家里。

    It was such good tea that we all asked for another cup.

    茶确实很好,我们大家又各要了一杯。

suchthat…和sothat…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。

    由于such是形容词,所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;而so是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句前一般不出现名词,如:

    They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.

    他们都是非常热心的老师,村里的人都尊敬他们。

    The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.

    考试很难,许多学生都没及格。

  a.如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,suchso的位置不同,即“such+aan+形容词十单数名词”和“so+形容词+aan+单数名词”结构。如:

    It was such a hot day.(=It was so hot a day.这么热的一天。

  b.如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数,只可用such,不可用so。即

    such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词”结构。如:

    It's such bad weather.这么糟糕的天气。

  c.如果被修饰的不可数名词被muchlittle或复数名词被manyfew等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so,不用such。如:

    I have had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.

    我摔了好多跤,身上青一块紫一块。

    They made so much noise that our teacher got angry

    他们吵得这么厉害,老师生气了。

  d.little表示“年纪小的”之意时,可用“such+little+名词”结构,如:

    There were such little children that they couldn't clean the house.

    这些孩子那么小,不能打扫房间。

  12honor(=honour)尊敬、名誉、荣誉、荣幸

    win honor in war立战功

    show honor to one's parents尊敬父母

    do honor to sb.dosb.honor)向某人致敬

    on one's honor以人格担保

    have the honor ofto…给某人……之荣幸

3bLook at the information in activity2b.Write an article about Laura.

   

    看着活动2b中的信息,写一篇关于劳拉的文章。

    Laura was born in 1932.She started ice skating when she Was four.

    劳拉出生于1932年。她四岁时开始溜冰。

  look看,look at看… at 看……,有关“看”的词还有seewatchread,区别如下:

  look为不及物动词,指看的过程,表示有意识地集中精力去看,但并不一定看见,多用来唤起别人的注意,其后接宾语时,一定要加介词at。如:

    Look! Who is swimming in the river?看!谁在河里游泳?

    Please look at the black board.请看黑板。

  see用作及物动词,后接宾语,意为“看见,看到”,主要强调看的结果,但不一定是有意识地看,“看医生”“看电影”常用这个词。如:

  I'm looking at the blackboard, but I can't see the words

  我在看黑板,但看不见上面的字。

  We are going to see a film this afternoon.

  今天下午我们打算去看电影。

  watch为及物动词,意为“观看”“注视”,指非常仔细地,有目的地,全神贯注地“看”,“看电视”“看比赛(实验及各种表演等)”习惯上用这个词。如:

    They are watching a football game.他们正在看足球赛。

    Kate often watches TV on Sunday.凯特常常在星期天看电视。

  A read本义为“读”“朗读”,表达“看书”“看报”“看信”“看杂志”时,通常用read。如:

    Wang Hong is reading the letter from her mother.

    王红正在看她妈的来信。

    Don't read in the sun.不要在阳光下看书。

3cWrite about a person you admire.写一个你敬佩的人。

                

  person人,指一个人时,manwomanperson更常用,指许多人时,peoplepersons更常用,除了用于公务或非特指某一个人以外,person有轻蔑之意,着重指“个别人”可指man,womanchild,有单复数形式。一个人是a person而不是a people,但表示大批人,如:“1000人”应说1000 people,不说1000 persons

    Who is the youngest in your class?你们班谁年纪最小?

    Everyone likes a person with good manners.

    人人都喜欢有礼貌的人。

    相关链接:

  people作“人”“人们”讲时,它总是以单数形式表示复数概念。我们可说manya lot of people, three hundred people,但不可以说aone peoplethe people指“人民”或确指的“人们”。另外,people作民族讲时,有单复数之分。a people表示“一个民族”,peoples为许多国家或地区的不同民族。如:

    We study for the people.我们为人民而学习。

    There are 56 peoples in China.中国有56个民族。

  man有时作“男人”的总称,有时作“人类”“人”解,其前一般不加冠词。a man可指“一个人”,也可指“一个男人”“男子汉”。如:

    Man is taller than woman.男人比女人高。

    He is a man of few words.他是一个少言寡语的人。

4aGroup work Ten Questions小组活动十个问题

  Your classmates have to guess the name of a person you admire.

                  

  你的同学必须猜出你所敬佩的人的名字。

  They can ask you ten questions.

       

  他们可以问你十个问题。

    A: Is the person a man or a woman?

                     

    这个人是男的还是女的?

    B: He is a man.他是男的。

    C: I she.alive?他还活着吗?

             

    B: No, he isn't.不,不是。

    D: Was he an athlete?他是个运动员吗?

    B: No, he wasn't.不,不是。

  have to意为“不得不,必须”,主要强调的是外界客观因素,如环境,习惯,急事等,要求某人“不得不,只好”。它可用多种时态(一般不用于进行时),并且有人称的变化和数的变化。如:

  I must go there.(主观认为有必要去。)

  I have to go there.(客观不得不去。)

  can

  can表示能力时,意为“能,会”,与be able to的意义基本相同,但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时,而be able to却能用于各种时态。表示请求或许可时,意为“可以”,口语中常代替may。表示猜测时意为“可能”。如:

  Where can he go now?他可能到哪儿去了?

  or连词,有以下几种意思:

  a:(用于否定词后)也不

  He never smokes or drinks.

  他从不抽烟,也不喝酒。

  b:(表示选择或区别)或者……还是……

  He'd like it to be black, or white.

  他希望它是黑的或者是白的。

  Shall we walk or ride?我们走去还是骑车去?

  eitheror…或者……或者……

  Either eat this or go hungry.

  要么把这吃下去,要么挨饿。

  c:否则,要不然

  Wear your coat or you'll be cold

  把大衣穿上,要不然你会感到冷的。

  (=If you don't wear your coatyou'll be cold

  若将or换为and,则其意变为相当于一个if引导的含有肯定意义的条件状语从句。如:

  Take some medicineand you'll be fine.

  If you take some medicineyou will be fine.

  如果你吃点药,你会好的。

Is the person a man or a woman?这个人是男是女?

▲这是一个选择疑句句式。提出两种或两种以上的情况供选择的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句不用yesno作答,如:

  Do you go to school by bike or on foot?

  你骑自行车还是步行上学?

  Do you like summer or winter?

  你喜欢夏天还是冬天?

alive adj.活着的,在世的;有活力的,有生气的,充满(活东西)的

  The greatest man alive.

  当今最伟大的人物。

  be buried alive被活埋

【注】区别:alive,living,lively

alive常作表语,但偶尔也作后置定语或补语。如:

  He must be alivefor he is still breathing slightly.

  他一定还活着,因为他还在轻微呼吸。

  An enemy was caught alive.

  一个敌人被活捉了。

living表示“活着的”,常作定语,也可作表语。作表语时与alive相同。如:

  We know there are no living things on the moon.

  我们知道月球上没有生物。

  His grandma is still aliveliving.

  他的祖母还活着。

lively表示“活泼的,有生气的”既可作定语,又可作表语。如:

  She is a lively girl.

  她是个活泼的女孩子。

  The patient seems a little lively this morning.

  这个病人今天上午好像有点好转了。

 

 

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