Section B and Self Check解析及拓展

 

    （一）创设情境，导入新课[Create plots and scenes and guide the new lesson]

    Review and consolidate the usage of the modal verbs （must / could / might / can’t） for making inferences. Based on this, make the students learn to make inferences about things that are happening. So the teacher can teach section B using Task-based pedagogy. The teacher asks the students to watch the courseware, talk about what is happening and make inferences. Encourage them to discuss what the people / the thing must / could / might / can’t be doing. The teacher should give the students some examples to make them notice this. Then help the students to make inferences about what is happening.“Look I The man is running, I think he could be running for exercise. No, I don’t agree with you. He’s wearing a suit. He might be running to catch a bus.”Repeat with other people or things. Write down the dialogues on the blackboard and encourage the students to make dialogues after the model. Then students finish the teaching task in part 1．

    （二）自读感知，整体把握[Pre-read to apperceive and grasp the whole]

    Review and consolidate the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences. Then help the students learn to make inferences about what is happening. So section B is designed by three steps: In part 1 - part 2c, present the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences about what is happening and make the students practice their conversations after the model. In 3a 3c, reading and writing practice is designed to practice the target language in this section. In part 4, students work in groups to finish the teaching task. Make the students use the modal verbs to make inferences.

    （三）合作交流，解读探究[Cooperate and intercourse to unscramble and research]

    The main content in section B is to learn to make inferences about what is happening and talk about what could be causing the strange things. Encourage the students to find the fact of things and practice their reading and writing abilities.

    Step 1演示[Demonstration]

    The teacher communicates with the students about what is happening, then encourage the students to make inferences. Give the students some examples and some help if necessary.

    —Look! What’s the man doing?

    —He is running.

    —Why do you think he is running?

    —He must / could / might / can’t be running…

    Step 2活动[Activities]

    Get the students to practice conversations, using the modal verb for making inferences about what’s happening. Use the courseware or the pictures in part 1 to help them.

    Step 3交流[Intercourse]

    Get the students work in pairs and discuss what’s happening. Make them conjecture what is happening.

    Step 4体验[Experiences]

    1．Play the tape of part 2a, students listen and finish the teaching task of part 2a.

    2．Play the tape of part 2a again, students listen and complete the sentences, let the students know the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences about what’s happening. Finish the teaching task of part 2b.

    Step 5活动[Activities]

    Get the students to do pairwork to practice the target language in this unit. Provide the students enough materials from part 1 - part 2b to practice.

    Step 6阅读[Reading]

    Get the students read this passage in part 3a. Based on part 3a, finish the writing practice in part 3b and part 3c. Encourage the students to find the fact of things.

    Step7应用[Application]

    Get the students to work in groups to talk about dreams, practice using the modal verbs for making inferences.

    要点直击[English notes]

    1．He could be running for exercise.他可能在跑步锻炼。

    【注意】could be running“可能在跑”是情态动词和现在进行时连用，表示猜测正在进行或发生的动作，其结构形式为“情态动词+be+动词ing”。

    【应用】①Where is Jim? I think he may be watching TV at home.

    吉姆在哪？我想他或许正在家看电视。

    ②Jim has lots of homework to do today, so he can’t be watching TV now.（他不可能正在看电视）

    2．Our neighborhood used to be very quiet.我们邻近地区过去常常很安静。

    【注意】used to+动词原形，意为“过去常常（而现在不那样了）”，只有一般过去时形式，各种句式变化可围绕used展开或借助动词did来完成。如：

    He used not to be a teacher./He didn’t use to be a teacher.

    【点拨】①used to+动词原形，“过去常常”

    ②be used to sth/doing sth“习惯于、适应于”

    ③be used to do sth“被用于干某事”

    【应用】①He used to go to school late.他过去常上学迟到。

    ②We are used to reading English loudly.我们习惯于大声读英语。

    ③Stamps are used to send letters.邮票被用于寄信。

    3．Zhou Gu, the local school teacher is extremely worried.

    周顾，本地学校的老师，非常地焦虑。

    【注意】①extremely副词，“极其、非常”的意思，常与形容词和副词连用，表示强度。

    ②worried形容词“烦恼的、焦虑的、担心的”，同时worried还是动词worry的过去式和过去分词形式；像这样的词还有lost, married等。

    【应用】①This question is extremely difficult. No one can answer it.

    这个问题极其难，没有一个人能回答它。

    ②Don’t be worried, Everything will be OK.

    不要担心，一切都会好的。

    4．There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.

    一定有什么东西在拜访我们邻近地区的人家。

    【注意】①there must be一定有，是there be句型和情态动词连用，表示对现有情况的猜测，其结构形式为there+情态动词+be+名词。

    ②visiting the homes拜访人家，动词的ing形式，强调动作正在进行，作伴随情况状语。

    【应用】①Listen! There must be someone knocking at the door.

    听!一定是有人在敲门。

    ②There may be rain this evening.今晚或许有雨。

    5．The director of the local zoo says that three monkeys escape from the zoo.

    本地动物园的园长说三只猴子从动物园逃走了。

    【注意】①director名词，“决策者、董事、导演”。

    ②escape动词，逃跑、逃走，escape from从……逃走。

    【应用】①Who is the director of this film?谁是这部电影的导演？

    ②The bird escaped from the cage yesterday.

    昨天这只鸟从笼子里逃走了。

    6．In my dream, I was swimming in an ocean of paper.

    在我的梦里，我正在一个纸的海洋里游泳。

    【注意】an ocean of paper纸的海洋，ocean名词，海洋。

    【点拨】你知道“四大洋”吗？

the Pacific（Ocean）太平洋	the Atlantic（Ocean）大西洋
the Indian（Ocean）印度洋	the Arctic（Ocean）北冰洋

    【应用】We should protect our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.

    我们应该保护我们的湖泊、河流、大海和大洋。

    7．You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.

    你不可能唤醒假装睡着的人。

    【注意】①wake动词，“唤醒、弄醒”；wake（up）醒，不再睡；wake sb（up）吵醒，唤醒。

    ②pretend动词，“假装、佯若”，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。

    【点拨】①pretend（not）to do sth假装（不）干某事

    ②pretend+that从句，假装……

    【应用】①Please wake me up tomorrow morning.明天早上请叫醒我。

    ②They pretended not to see us.他们佯装没有看见我们。

    ③The little boy pretended that he was doing his homework.

    这个小男孩假装正在做家庭作业。

    8．Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today.

    不要让昨天耗尽了今天的大部分。

    【注意】use up用完，用光，耗尽

    【应用】He’s too tired, he has used up all his strength.

    他太累了，他已耗尽了他全部的体力。

    9．He who would do great things should not attempt them all alone.

    做大事不应该试图全部依靠自己独自完成。

    【注意】①attempt动词，试图、企图；attempt sth/to do sth试图……（干某事）

    ②alone副词，独自一人的

    【点拨】alone/lonely/along

    ①alone副词或形容词，单独的，孤自一人的，没有感情色彩。

    ②lonely形容词，孤单的，孤独的，含有感情色彩。

    ③along介词“沿着、顺着”。

    【应用】（1）They attempted to escape but failed.

    他们企图逃跑，但失败。

    （2）用alone/ lonely /along 填空

    ①Walk alone this road and you’ll find the school.

    ②He lived alone in the USA, but he felt very happy.

    ③The old man lived in the big house by himself. He felt lonely.

    （四）应用迁移，巩固提高[Application and transfer, consolidation and improvement]

    1．Tell the students a story that is very scary by showing them some pictures and ask them to guess what was happening. Make sure they can make inferences by using the modal verbs （must / could / might / can’t）.This activity can help the students to practice the target language in this section, on the other hand, it can develop the students’ thought, listening and speaking.

    2．Discuss the problems that other students facing. Make inferences to solve these problems and give them some advice if possible. This activity can not only help to practice the target language, but also improve their friendship.

    （五）总结反思，拓展延伸[Summarize and ponder, develop and stretch]

    小结[Summary]

    The content of this unit is to learn to make inferences, the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences, conjecture what is happening or something unusual. Develop the students’ abilities of deducing and thought.

    讨论交流[Discussion and intercourse]

    Review and consolidate the usage of the modal verb （must / could / might / can’t） for making inferences. The teacher should provide some materials for the students to practice. Use the dialogues in this unit to help the students make a discussion about the usage of the modal verbs. Help the students make a proper conclusion about the four modal verbs.

    应用[Application]

    Organize the whole class to hold a story meeting. Make all the students tell the story with pictures and questions. Encourage all the students to take part in making inferences about the pictures and questions. Make sure they can make inferences by using the modal verbs. This activity can make the students learn the target language in funny activities. It can attract the students and make them learn English actively.

    反思[Pondering]

    1．The students should grasp the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences. So the teacher can make a proper conclusion and classification for the grammatical rules in the unit. It’ll help to remember the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences.

    2．The topic of this unit is about a picnic and unusual things. All the steps are used to learn the usage of the modal verbs for making inferences. At the same time, developing the abilities of the students’ thought and deducing is very important in the unit. Students should learn to make inferences when they face the things that they are not sure. So this unit is not only very useful and helpful, but also can bring the benefits for the students.

    点击中考

    1．（2004连云港中考）The man in the office ______ be Mr Black because he phoned me from London just now.

A．mustn’t

B．may not

C．can’t

D．needn’t

    【点拨】选C。本题考查几个情态动词的用法，由题意可知，办公室的男人不可能是Mr Black, mustn’t（禁止，不许），may not（不可以），can’t（不可能），needn’t（不必）。

    2．（2004北京市朝阳区中考）—Are you worried ______ your son, Mr Green ?

    —Yes. He is weak in Chinese.

A．of

B．for

C．with

D．about

    【点拨】选D。本题考查形容词worried（担心的、焦虑的）的搭配形式be worried about担心。

    3．（2003南京中考）Nothing in the world is ______ if you set your mind to do it.

A．impossible

B．wonderful

C．interesting

D．necessary

    【点拨】选A。本题考查对谚语“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”的掌握情况，即“世界上没有东西是不可能的，如果你一心去做它”，故“不可能的”为impossible。

    4．（2003南京中考）— ______ idea did you take?

    — John’s.

A．What

B．Who

C．Where

D．Whose

    【点拨】选D。本题考查物主代词，疑问词应用Whose（谁的）。

    5．（2003南京中考）Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem. So it ______ be very difficult.

A．may

B．must

C．can

D．need

    【点拨】选B。本题考查情态动词可用作“猜测”语气这一用法。由题意“即使班上最好的学生也做不了这道题”可知“这道题一定是很难”。

    拓展

    例1Look at these books I They belong to ______.

A．mine

B．the boys’

C．my brother

D．my brother’s

    【解析】本题考查对belong to（属于）这一动词用法的掌握，belong to后接人称代词而不能接（汉语意思上的）物主代词，由此可知，答案选C。

    例2The robber ______ from the police station yesterday.

A．escaped

B．ran away

C．got out

D．came out

    【解析】本题考查对句意的理解及词的恰当运用。由题意可知，“抢劫犯从警察局逃走”，故ran away（跑走），got out（出来），came out（出来），均不适合，答案选A。

    例3There must ______ somebody in the classroom.

A．have

B．has

C．be

D．own

    【解析】本题考查there be句型和情态动词一起表示猜测的用法，其结构形式应为There+情态动词+be+名词，故本题答案为C。

    例4Don’t let yesterday use ______ too much of today.

A．as

B．for

C．by

D．up

    【解析】本题考查use和介词搭配的情况，由题意可知，“不要让昨天耗尽今天太多”，故use up（用完、用光、耗尽）为正确答案，选D。

    例5They pretended ______ us, so we were very surprised and wanted know why.

A．see

B．not seeing

C．not to see

D．to not see

    【解析】本题考查pretend的用法，pretend to do sth（假装干某事），pretend not to do sth（假装没干某事），故由题意可知，答案选C。

    （六）课堂跟踪反馈[Tracking feedback in class]

    Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语完成下列单词

    1．Don’t chase after others in the street. It’s dangerous.

    2．I live in a building with lots of people, They are my neighbors.

    3．He can’t finish his homework so he is extremely worried.

    4．The Great Wall is made of huge stones

    5．He is a dishonest boy. He likes to tell lies.

    6．The prisoners（犯人）attempted（企图）to escape but failed.

    7．Don’t pretend（假装）to know nothing about it.

    8．Uncle Wang is the director（决策者）of this zoo.

    9．When she found some garbage（垃圾）in front of her house，she was very angry.

    10．There are four oceans（大洋）on the earth.

    Ⅱ.单项选择

    （C）11．—Where’s Mr Wang, do you know?

    —He could ______ for exercise.

A．run

B．be run

C．be running

D．running

    （A）12．My father used ______ in the factory.

A．to work

B．for working

C．to working

D．be

    （D）13．He asked me what ______ at 8∶00 last night ?

A．happen

B．happened

C．did happen

D．was happening

    （B）14．We think it must be teenagers ______.

A．have fun

B．having fun

C．to have a fun

D．having funs

    （D）15．There ______ a football match next Sunday. Am I right?

A．may

B．maybe

C．mustn’t be

D．must be

    （A）16．Last week some monkeys escaped ______ of the zoo.

A．from

B．out

C．out from

D．away

    （C）17．This camera is ______ dear, I’ll think about it.

A．too many

B．too much

C．much too

D．much more

    （D）18．Why do you pretend ______ him ? He was just over there.

A．not seeing

B．to see

C．see

D．not to see

    （B）19．My English is very ______ .I want to improve it very much.

A．bad

B．poor

C．badly

D．little

    （D）20．Don’t wake him ______. He is ______.

A．over; sleeping

B．out; sleepy

C．down; sleep

D．up; asleep

    Ⅲ.用合适的介词填空

    21．Be careful of the dog that does not bark.

    22．It’s less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonest.

    23．Mr Zhang was interviewed by the local newspaper yesterday.

    24．The boys are worried about their coming exam.

    25．When an ant says “ocean”, he’s talking about a small pool.

    Ⅳ.完形填空

    Our neighborhood 26 very quiet. However, these days 27 are happening in our neighborhood and everyone 28 about it. Every night they heard strange 29 outside their window. Some of them thought it could be a thief, but some of them thought it must be teenagers 30 .They called 31 but they couldn’t find 32 .Everyone was frightened and had his own ideas. There 33 something visiting the homes in our neighborhood. But nobody knew anything about it. This morning the director of the local zoo said that three monkeys 34 from the zoo. It must be the moneys in our neighborhood. Oh, my God! There’s not 35 in our neighborhood any more.

（C）26． A．was used to		B．use to
C．used to be		D．was used to be
（D）27． A．some thing strange		B．some strange thing
C．strange something		D．something strange
（D）28．A．worry	B．worried		C．worrying	D．is worried
（B）29．A．sound	B．noises		C．voice	D．hearing
（B） 30．A．have a fun	B．having fun		C．to have fun	D．having funs
（C）31．A．the teacher	B．the neighbors		C．the police	D．the zoo
（A）32．A．anything	B．nothing		C．something	D．everything
（C）33．A．is	B．was		C．must be	D．maybe
（D）34．A．went out	B．come out		C．escaped	D．had escaped
（B）35．A．danger	B．mystery		C．interest	D．afraid

    Ⅴ.根据所给的意思，完成下列句子，一空一词

    36．桌子上的那本书一定是吉姆的。

    The book on the desk must be Jim’s.

    37．看天上的云!一会儿一定有雨。

    Look at the cloud in the sky. There must be rain later.

    38．不要让昨天耗费今天太多。

    Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today.

    39．吉姆的邻居是个不诚实的人。

    Jim’s neighbour is a dishonest man.

    40．你不可能叫醒假装睡熟的人。

    You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.