Section B 3a—4b 教学设计及解析

 

    课时目标

    1．训练阅读理解能力。

    2．训练写作创新能力。

    课程导入

    请问你们最喜欢什么饮料？你喜欢喝茶吗？你知道茶用来作饮料的历史吗？

    探究新知

    3a  Read the article and write answers to the questions.阅读这篇文章，写出问题的答案。

    参考答案

    1．The article is about the invention of tea.

    2．It was invented over three thousand years ago.

    3．It was invented by the Chinese emperor, Shen Nung.

    4．It was invented by accident.

    知识点1  Although tea wasn’t brought to the western world until 1610，this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.虽然，茶直到1610 年才传入西方世界，但是这种饮料在此三千多年前就被发现了。

    【讲解】（1）although作连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，我们不能根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词but，不过它可以与yet, still连用；若主从句的主语相同，且从句谓语含有动词be，可将从句主语和动词be省略。如：

    ①Although（it was）snowing，it was not very cold. 虽然在下雪，但天气不是很冷。

    ②There is air around us，although we can’t see it.尽管我们看不见，但是我们周围全是空气。

    ③Although（he is）quite young，he knows a lot.虽然他很年轻，但他很懂事。

    （2）not...until意为“直到……才”，until引导一个时间状语从句。如：

    He didn’t go to bed until his father came home.直到他爸爸回家时他才睡觉。

    【例1】单项选择

    ______he is very young, ______ he knows a lot about science.

A．Because; so

B．Although; /

C．When; and

D．Although; but

    提醒

    用了because 后就不用so,用了but 后就不用although。

    【解答】从句意“虽然他很年轻，但他知道许多关于科学方面的知识”可知，这是一个表示让步关系的主从复合句，答案为B。

    知识点2  According to an ancient Chinese legend，the emperor Shen Nung discovered tea when he was boiling drinking waterover an open fire.根据中国古代的一个传说，神农帝在户外的火上烧饮用水时发现了茶叶。

    【讲解】（1）according to是个短语介词，意为“根据……；依照……”，后接代词、名词或由疑问词以及whether引出的名词性从句。如：

    ①According to the radio，it will rain tomorrow.根据收音机说，明天有雨。

    ②According to what you said just now，he was right then.根据你刚才说的，那么他就对了。

    （2）介词over在此意为“在……的正上方”；而介词above指“在……的上方”；介词on指“在……的上面”。如：

    ①He wore a thick coat over his sweater.他在他的毛衣上面穿上了一件外衣。

    ②The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云上飞行。

    ③He laid a hand on my shoulder.他把一只手放在我肩上。

    【例2】单项选择

    ______ today’ s newspaper, there will be a heavy snow next week.

A．Adapt to

B．In order to

C．According to

D．according as

    【解答】adapt意为“适应”；in order to表示目的，意为“为了”；according to和according as意为“根据”。答案为C。

    提醒

    （1）according to（根据）是介词，后接代词、名词或由疑问词引导的从句。

    （2）according as （根据）是连词，后接从句（疑问词引导的除外）。

    知识点3  Some leaves froma nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for sometime.一些叶子从附近的灌木丛落到水里，并在水里浸泡了一段时间。

    【讲解】（1）leaf“树叶”，它的复数形式为leaves，和leave（动词，“离开”）的第三人称单数形式属于同形异义词。

    （2）remain表示“继续留在某处”。如：

    ①I did not remain long in that city.我在那座城市，没呆太久。

    ②How long will you remain here? 你要在此地停留多久？

    remain也可表示“仍处于某种状态”，如：

    ①We can remain friends.我们可以继续作朋友。

    ②The true author of the book remains unknown.那本书的真实作者依旧不详。

    （3）fall into“落入；陷入”，如：

    He was drunk and fell into the water.他酒醉跌落水中。

    【例3】单项选择

    Work hard，or you’ll fall______the others.

A．down

B．behind

C．over

D．off

    【解答】“落在某人后面”用短语fall behind，句意为“努力学习，否则你就要落后”。答案为B。

    提示

    （1）fall down/over跌倒，倒下

    （2）fall off 从……上落下

    （3）fall behind 落在……后面

    知识点4  The emperor noticed that the leavesin the water produceda pleasant smell.国王注意到，水里的叶子发出一种宜人的香味。

    【讲解】notice作动词，意为“注意到”，后可以接：

    （1）名词或代词。如：

    I didn’t notice your parents.我没注意到你的父母亲。

    （2）从句。如：

    ①I noticed that you weren’t among the contestants.我注意到你没有参加比赛。

    ②He didn’t notice how she felt when he introduced his girlfriend to her.他向她介绍他的女朋友时，并没有留意到她的感觉如何。

    （3）复合结构。如：

    ①Did you notice him repair his car yesterday evening? 昨晚你注意到他修车了吗？

    ②I notice hersinging in the next room.我注意到她正在隔壁唱歌。

    【例4】单项选择

    She was noticed________the classroom.

A．walk

B．to walk into

C．walked

D．to walk

    拓展

    在被动语态中感官动词see,hear,watch,feel和使役动词make, let,have跟动词不定式时，不能省略to。

    【解答】“注意到某人干了某事”用句型notice sb. do sth.但本句为被动语态，在被动语态中，省掉的to又要带上。答案为B。

    3b  Write an article using the notes in the box.用方框中的要点提示写一篇文章。

    参考答案

    The flying disk was invented by a group of college students. Well, they didn’t actually invent it—they discovered it. The original flying disk was really a metal pie plate from a bakery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The students liked to eat the pie and then throw the pie plate around. In the 1950s, a company began making plastic disk. Now there are flying disk clubs, a flying disk magazine, and even a national flying disk festival each September. It’s amazing that all this started from a pie plate.

    4a  Think of something that you don’tlike doing.Then think of an invention that could help you.Write the details in the chart.想想你不喜欢做的事情。然后想出一个能给你提供帮助的发明。把细节写在表格中。

    4b  PAIRWORK

    Imagine you are a businessperson.Ask your partner questions about his or her invention.Then try to sell your partner’s invention to the class.想象你是一位商人。询问你的同伴关于他（或她）发明方面的问题。然后试着把你同伴的发明卖给你的班级。

    课堂实践

    【任务设计】根据所给内容写一篇大约80个词的文章，介绍飞盘产生的过程。

Who	What	When	Where	Why	How	Today
college students	metal pie plate, flying disk	1950s	Bakery Bridgeport, Connecticut	new toy	students eat pie, throw pie plates	clubs, magazines, festival

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    【实践提示】The flying disk was invented by college students.In 1950s studentsate pie in Bakery Bridgeport Connecticut. One day after eating pie, a student was lazy to put the metal pie plate into the proper place. He threw it to another student 5 meters away from him. The student caught the plate. And then threw it to another one. Students found it was interesting to throw and catch plates. At that time,students were looking for a new toy to play. In this way, the flying disk was invented. And it became more and more popular today. There are many clubs where people can learn how to fly it. Also there are many magazines on it. In some countries, there even have a special festival for flying disk players.

    课时作业

    Ⅰ．阅读理解

    New rules and behaviour standards （行为规范） for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. They will also be kids who don’t dye （染） their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new rules.

    Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work on an exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest （诚实的） student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework.

    Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird—Loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.When more people work together, it makes it more fun for everyone.

    Have you ever quarreled with your teammates when your basketball team lost?Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.

    Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you’ll discover Earth E someday. Don’t look down on new ideas.Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.

    Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates?Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go home late, you should let your parents know.

    Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren’t for kids, so try to look at Web pages that aregood for you. You can use the Web for fun or homework. Can’t you find any good Web sites for children? Here are some:

    http:// kids, eastday.com http:// www. chinakids. net. en http:// www. cycnet. com

（    ）1．The school new rules will help kids by telling them____.

A．how they can study well

B．what they should do at school

C．what is right and what is wrong

D．how they can protect themselves

（    ）2．According to the passage （短文） , which of the following is NOT true?

A．Take care of yourself when you are out.

B．Tell the truth, even when you are wrong.

C．Keep some animals to protect them.

D．Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things.

（    ）3．The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about____.

A．making the team stronger	B．working to gether with others
C．being a good friend to others	D．getting on well with others

（    ） 4．Good Web sites for children can____.

A．be a waste of time	B．help them with their studies
C．do homework for them	D．make life easier

（    ）5．The passage tells us how to____.

A．be top students	B．do more at school
C．care for others	D．use the Internet

    Ⅱ．书面表达

    Mike是你班的一位来自澳大利亚的同学。他患了感冒，去药店买来一盒药，向你询问服药方法。请你根据药品说明，向Mike解释，并告诉他如何预防感冒。（词数: 不少于80个；给出的首句不计入总词数）

 

服用说明 【适应症】适用于感冒引起的咳嗽、头疼等症状。 【用法与用量】饭前口服。一次1～2片，一天3次，疗程3～5天。 【不良反应】偶有瞌睡感。 【禁忌】服药期间忌鱼、酒、辛辣食品。

    This medicine is used for curing cough，headache，and something like that caused by cold. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    答案点拨

    Ⅰ．1—5  C C B B A

    Ⅱ．书面表达

    This medicine is used for curing cough, headache and something like that caused by cold. Take one or two pills each time, and three times a day before meals. Sometimes you might feel like sleeping after you take it. But it doesn’t matter. Don’t have fish, wine or hot food these days while you’re taking this medicine. And you’ll be fine in three or five days.

    By the way, I think you’d better take good care of yourself and keep healthy. For example, put on more clothes when you go outside on a cold day; keep the air in your room clean; have more water, fruit and vegetables. And the most important of all, do more sports every day to be stronger.

    I wish you’ll be all right soon.