谢孟媛英语中级文法讲义第十四至十七集
(2015-05-31 07:24:44)
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谢孟媛英文讲义教育 |
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假设:
三、假设法过去完成式(表示与过去事实相反的假设)
1、那时,如果我知道这个流言,我就会告诉你了。事实是:我不知道
2、如果那时我们的老师讲课大声一点,我们就不会打瞌睡。事实是:老师没大声。
以下是假设句的特殊形式:
注意:在条件子句中,除了if之外,也可用suppose(supposing假设)\suppose(that)\providing(provided可以)+子句
除了以上的字可以代替if,as(=so)long as(只要...就...) ,in case(万一),unless(除非)等字也可以。
Suppose(supposing)you had
I will(现在的形式) stay here provided(=providing) the climate(天气)agrees with me tomorrow.
climate是大范围的气候,weather是小范围的天气,agree with 适合
(重点)假设法过去式及假设法过去完成式混用。
注意:若两子句的时间不同时,其时态各自为准。
四、假设法未来式
1、万一明天下雨的话,比赛将会延期。put off延期
If it should rain tomorrow,the game would\will be put off.被延期
2、如果太平洋干涸的话,我会改变心意。
* 我绝不改变主意。I never change my mind.
1、如果我是一只鸟,我就能飞向你。
If I were a bird,I could fly to you.=Were I a bird , I could fly to you.
2、如果他知道真相,他会告诉你。
If he had known the truth,he would have told you.=Had he known the truth,he would have told you.
3、万一下雨的话,我会呆在家。
If it should rain,I would stay at home.=Should it rain,I would stay at home.
五、其它假设法的表现。
......as if/as though(如像;宛如)+S+假设法过去式/假设法过去完成式
1、他说的如像他知道一切。
He talks as if/though he knew everything.
2、她看起来如像她那时见到鬼了。
She looks as if/though she had seen
a
3、他那时笑得仿佛之前什么都没发生。
He laughed as if/though nothing had happened.
......wish(希望;但愿)+S+假设法过去式/假设法过去完成式
1、但愿我知道埃米的手机号码就好了。
I wish I knew Annie's cellular(蜂窝状的)/cell phone number.
事实是;I'm sorry (遗憾;难过)(that)I don't know Annie's cellular(蜂窝状的)/cell phone number.
sorry 除了有“对不起”还有“遗憾;难过”的意思。
2、但愿我那时没有买那么贵的洋装。
I wish I hadn't bought such an expensive dress then.
事实是:I'm sorry I bought such an expensive dress then.
It's time/about time/almost time/high time+(that)+S+假设法过去式
1、时间过了半夜,该是小朋友睡觉的时间了。
It's past midnight. It's time (that) the children went to bed.
* It's time
2、该是你跟她道歉的时候了。
It's about time you apologized to her for what(=all that/the
thing that)
*It's about time for you to apologize to her for what you did.
If only +主词+假设法过去式/假设法过去完成式
1、但愿我的牙齿不疼了。
If only my tooth would stop hurting!
2、但愿那时我有接受她的忠告。
If only I had taken her
advice.
注意:If only 和 I wish 在表现上意思差不多。
If it were not for......(假设法过去式)。与现在事实相反用过去式
If it had not been for......(假设法过去完成式)。翻译成:若没有......的话。与过去事实相反用过去完成式
1、如果没有音乐的话,他一刻也不能活。
If it were not for music,he couldn't live a moment.
=Were it not for music,he couldn't live a moment.
=Without music ,he couldn't live a moment.
=But for music,he couldn't live a moment.除了有音乐,否则他不能活。
2、要是那时没有塞车,我们就能及时赶上比赛。
If it had not been for the(特指那个遇到的塞车)traffic jam,we would have been in time for the game.
in time及时;on time准时
Had it not been for the traffic jam,we would have been in time for the game.
Without the traffic jam,we would have been in time for the game.
But for
插入视频:
a.不定词(to V)
1、如果你听过他的讲话,你会认为他知道所有的秘密。
If you heard him talk, you would think he knew all about the secret.
=To hear him talk,you would think he knew all about the secret.
b.副词连接词/副词片语
1、如果我不知道他是无辜的,我也不会设法要去救他。
If I didn't know he was innocent,I wouldn't try to save him.
=I know he is innocent;otherwise(否则) I wouldn't try to save him.假设语气在后面
2、如果我们没有躲在树林里,他们就会发现我们。
If we hadn't hidden in the forest,they would have found us.
=We hid in the forest;otherwise they would have found us.
hide-hid-hidden
3、如果你有一点耐性,你就能克服万难。
If you had a little patience(有耐性),you could get over(克服)your difficulty.
=With a little patience ,you could get over your difficulty.事实不是这样
patient
a.有耐性的;n.病人
4、要是在十年前,我能在半小时围着湖跑一圈。
If it had been ten years ago,I could have run around this lake within half an hour.
=Ten years ago,
c.分词构句。Ving -主动/PP-被动
1、同样的一个人,如果他活在这个世纪的话,他会是一个英雄。
The same man,if he were living in this century,would be a hero.中间用了插入法
=The same man, living(主动) in this century,would be a hero.文法名称代表用法
2、如果你远一点看,你看起来帅一点。
If you were seen from a distance,you might look handsome(帅一点).
=Seen(被动) from a distance,you might look handsome.
d.作主词的名词
1、如果他是一个有知识(权利、能力)的人,他就不会这样说了。
If he were a man of sense/power/ability,he would not say such a thing.
2、如果他是一个情报人员的话,他是不会告诉你他的真实姓名的。
If he were a secret agent(情报人员),he would never tell you his real name.
=A secret agent(情报人员)would never tell you his real name.

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