考研阅读逐句译2000年第4篇16
(2014-05-30 19:59:14)唐静 考研阅读逐句译2000年第4篇第16句 In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.
词汇:
divorce //n. 离婚,离异;断离关系,分离。
suicide //n. 自杀;自杀行为;给自己带来严重后果的行为。
结构:
In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, (主语)//while still well below that of the United States,(while连接的让步状语做插入语)//has increased by more than 50 percent, (谓语)//and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter(and连接的第二个并列句).
译文:
在过去10年中,日本的离婚率,尽管仍远低于美国,却也已经上升了50%多,而自杀率则上升了近四分之一。
翻译思路:省略——状语从句中的省略
状语从句,如果主语和主句主语一致,可以省略主语和系动词Be。不仅while让步状语从句可以这样省略,类似的还有由 when、while、as、before、after 、till、until、once等引导的时间状语从句;由whether、if、unless等引导的条件状语从句;由though、although、even if、whatever等引导的让步状语从句;由as、than等引导的比较状语从句(省略方式略有不同);由as、as if、as though 等引导的方式状语从句。最终省略后表型形式为:
1)连词+名词
例 Even as (she was) a girl, she showed great promise as a pianist. 她从小就显露出有望成为钢琴家的才能。
2)连词+形容词
例 Often she would weep when (she was) alone. 她一个人时,常常哭泣。
3)连词+介词短语
例 If in doubt, ask your local library. 若有疑问,请向当地图书馆查询。
4)连词+现在分词
例 When asking the teacher, he was polite. 他在问老师问题的时候很礼貌。
5)连词+过去分词
例 A friend is never known till needed. 患难见真情。
6)连词+不定式
例 He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak.他张开嘴好象要说什么。
重温一下In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter. 这个句子,注意其中的插入语,还有比较的各种用法。如果写一个作文句子,把日本的情况换成中国,完全是可以的。试想“过去十年,中国的离婚率,尽管远低于美国,但是也增加了50%,而自杀率上升了四分之一”这个句子怎么写,换一个词就好。
再思考,如果把“离婚率”和“自杀”这两个词换掉,还可以用来表达些什么呢?比如,“中国就业率,尽管远高于美国,但是也下降了20%”怎么表达?