2014年6月四级备考新东方网络课程全球直播讲义

石雷鹏 北京新东方学校国内考试部

新浪微博：石雷鹏老师v

总纲：课堂三个板块

第一部分：考试概况

第二部分：

写作测试特征：功能段落

第三部分：

真题范例（图画、图表、话语评论、提纲）

第一部分：考试概况

A.四级试卷构成

答题卡1：

写作         30min

听力         30min

答题卡2：

阅读理解        40分钟

翻译                30分钟

总计                130分钟

B.试卷结构分析

Writing                           15%

Listening                        35%

Reading                          35%

Translation                     15%

 

C.写作试题形式

2008年12月

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:

1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛地使用

2.造成的问题

3.限制使用的意义

2011年12月

Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I’ve done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

2012年12月

2013年6月

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

 

2013年12月四级写作

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

（Dear Andy, -How are you? Your mother and I are fine. We both miss you and hope you are doing well. We look forward to seeing you again the next time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat. -----Love, Mom and Dad.）

审题总结

审题关注三事项：

1. 体裁+话题

2. 内容要求：汉语提纲+英文提示

3. 字数：140-180

第二部分：写作测试的特殊性

以TOEFL写作为例：

一题多用：环境类

a.在你家周围建一个工厂，你是否同意？

b.你认为科学家对人类的贡献大还是艺术家对人类的贡献大？

c.你的职业梦想是什么？

d.如果让你发明一样机器，你会选择什么？

e.如果你有一笔钱，你会用它来做什么？

 

写作测试特殊性：以四级为例

话题：On English Learning

提纲：

1. 英语很重要

2. 学习英语中的困难

3. 如何学好英语

首段：

In contemporary world, English learning has gained great popularity and it is of great significance for youngsters to learn English well. (主题句) Based on a survey, a majority of international organizations or firms acknowledge that they prefer recruiting employees who can speak English fluently. (调查法表述)

二段

However, English learners may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in their learning. (主题句) For instance, it can be noticed that a large number of students have difficulty memorizing words. Frequently, it is also difficult for them to understand the rules of grammar. In addition, though some are good at reading or writing, they can not express themselves freely in English.

尾段

Then, how to get a good command of (学好) this language? I am convinced that practice makes perfect. Only practice can help one to master the rules of grammar and remember words. And it is also through practice that one can speak and write fluently, and there is no other way. If we try our utmost to practice English every day, the future of our English learning will be promising and hopeful. (180words)

该文可用于以下16次作文

1992-6

1.你在英语学习中有哪些困难?

2.你是如何克服这些困难的?

How I Overcame my Difficulties in Learning English

 

1993-6

1.我最喜爱的电视(或无线电)节目是…...

2.这类节目的内容和特点

3.我喜欢它的原因

 

1994-6

1.人们对职业各有不同的理想

2.我理想的职业是什么

3.我怎样为我理想的职业做准备

 

1997-1

1.怎样理解“熟能生巧”?

2.例如：在英语学习中…

3.又如…

Practice Makes Perfect

 

2000-1

1.上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决

2.哪种途径适合于我(说明理由)

How I Finance My College Education

 

2000-6

1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是…

2.也有人持不同意见...

3.我的看法和打算

Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary

 

2003.6

1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病(或受伤)的情况

2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的

3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是……

 

2003.12真题

1.建议报考的专业及理由

2.报考该专业的基本条件

3.应当如何备考

 

2005.1真题

1.你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作

2.如果当选,你将为本校同学做些什么

 

2005年6月真题

1.向老师致以节日祝贺。

2.从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献。

3.我如何回报老师的关爱。

 

2006-6月真题

1. 校学生会将组织一次暑期志愿者活动，现招募志愿者。

2.本次志愿者活动的目的，内容、安排等。

3.报名条件及联系方式。

 

2007年6月真题

   欢迎辞，Welcome to our club

1. 表达你的欢迎；

2. 对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。

 

2007年12月

1.各大学开设了各种各样的选修课

2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课

3. 以你自己为例 …

2010年6月CET-4写作

1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。

2.出现这种情况的原因。

3.如何避免这一问题

Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling

 

2011年12月

Nothing Succeeds without a Strong Will

2013年6月

The importance of doing small things before undertaking something big

总结：请记住内容上

1.按照题目要求

2.写熟悉的内容

第三部分：真题范例

实例1：2013年6月

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

 

首段：图画描述

（引入图画）Given is a simple but thought-provoking cartoon: (图画描述：人/物+动作+环境+文字) the youngster/ guy expresses his worries about “disposing of the nuclear waste”; to his surprise, his father responds/answers: “If you can empty the dustbin here, you can do anything.”

二段：图画主题+现象+意义

 (图画联系主旨) Obviously, this picture can be naturally associated with the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big: (主题评论) if youngsters intend to achieve success, it is advisable for them to begin with little things.

二段：图画主题+现象+意义

(现象概述) In contemporary society, it has become a trend for a host of teenagers to ignore tiny things in life: cleaning rooms, washing clothes and emptying dustbins. (相关人+感受) Meanwhile, an increasing number of young people find/deem it rather useless or unnecessary to deal with these  things.(举例) A case in point is the boy in the picture. However, (意义) it is these small tasks that enable youngsters to build up adequate knowledge, ability and experience. (万能总结) As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the significance of doing small things for something important.

尾段：观点+建议+展望

 (观点：尾段首句万能) As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by doing small things. (万能建议) Thus, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to cultivate this awareness. (万能结尾：展望) Sparing no efforts to do so, we can witness a hopeful and promising future of our life, work and study.

小结：高分特征

1.内容相关

（切题即可）

2.结构清晰

（新闻联播三段论）

3.语言精彩

（连贯、通顺、词句多变）

实例2：2013年12月四级写作

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

（Dear Andy, -How are you? Your mother and I are fine. We both miss you and hope you are doing well. We look forward to seeing you again the next time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat. -----Love, Mom and Dad.）

 

首段：图画联系主题

This simple but thought-provoking cartoon can be naturally associated with the impacts of Internet on the way people communicate: Internet shortens distance in communication, but if we intend to enjoy a harmonious relationship with others, it is not advisable for us to spend all time on computers.

二段：现象描述

(现象概述)In contemporary society, it has become a trend for individuals to communicate with each other via Internet. （相关人+感受）Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it rather difficult to imagine a life without computers, because they spend nearly all time on the Internet. (危害)Consequently, it is electronic communication that leads interpersonal relationship to be indifferent, cold and alienated.

 

(举例)A case in point is the guy and his parents in the picture: they seldom see each other and only when his computer crashes, will that guy come down-stairs for something to eat and have a face-to-face chat with parents. (总结)As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the bad effects/ impacts of modern technologies on/upon our life.

 

尾段：回答试题核心问题

(观点)As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to enhance/ strengthen/ promote communication in real life. (建议) Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse addition to Internet.(号召) Do bear in mind: electronic communication can never replace face-to-face contact.

实例3: 2012-12

 

首段：图表描述

(引出图表)Given is a simple but enlightening chart by US Bureau of Labor: (图表描述) in 2010, it had become a trend for doctors, masters and bachelors to earn more money in a week in US--- $1551, $1272 and $1038. Meanwhile, we can notice that weekly earnings of college graduates with no degrees, those with high school diploma and people with less than high school diploma were $712, $626 and $444 respectively.

二段：主题评论+现象+意义

(图表联系主题)Obviously, this chart can be naturally associated with the importance of education: （图表内容评论）if individuals intend to acquire/ get better earnings, it is advisable for them to gain higher degrees. （现象）In contemporary America, it is a common phenomenon for a host of companies/ firms/ corporations/ organizations to hire/ employ/ recruit doctors and masters and pay them better salaries

 

.(意义) It is education that enables them to build up adequate knowledge, skills and ability to deal with important tasks. (总结)As a matter of fact, employees and employers in large numbers have come to realize the significance of higher degrees.

尾段：观点+号召

（观点）As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by studying hard and getting better degrees. （号召）Do bear in mind: education is a worthy investment.

 

 

实例4

2011年12月

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I’ve done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

首段

(话语引入)Given is a humorous but enlightening remark by smokers: “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I’ve done it hundreds of times.” （话语联系主题）Obviously, this saying can be naturally associated with the importance of strong will: （话语评论）if a smoker intends to quit smoking, it is advisable for him to have adequate will to suffer the pain in this process.

二段：现象+意义

In contemporary society, it has become a trend for some youngsters to lack this quality/ability. Meanwhile, a host of teenagers without strong will find it exceedingly difficult to achieve success in work, study and life. However, according to a survey, a majority of successful people admit that a strong will is the key to their success. It is our strong will that enables us to build up enough confidence, hope and courage. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the significance of strong minds.

尾段：观点+建议+号召

As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by developing/ cultivating strong will. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends and classmates to conquer difficulties with our strong will. Do bear in mind: no strong will, no success.

实例5：2012年6月

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Excessive Packaging. You’d write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装现象
2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

In contemporary society, it has become a trend/ phenomenon for a host of goods to be packaged excessively in stores. Meanwhile, an increasing number of customers find it rather /exceedingly expensive to buy/ purchase these products. (万能举例) A case in point is Moon Cakes. / Taking a look around supermarkets, we can notice a great many examples like this: Moon Cakes, wines and tea.

（首句：主题句） It is evident that the causes of this phenomenon are diverse. （原因 1+具体体现：消费者角度）In the first place, the psychological need of customers is the root cause. Based on a survey, a majority of people admit that beautiful packaging is always more attractive for them.(原因 2+具体体现：商家角度) In the second place, the stores’ incorrect sense of sale constitutes another major cause. To be specific, as sellers, they deem that delicate packaging means more customers, best advertisements and larger profits. As a result, stores or manufacturers package their goods excessively.  

(万能原因补充：Then, it is these packages that enable shops to attract more customers and make more profits. As a matter of fact, manufacturers in mounting numbers have come to realize the importance of packaging for sale. )

As a customer/shopper, I am convinced that it is of no necessity for stores to package their goods. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse all excessive packaging. Sparing no efforts to do so, we can witness a hopeful and promising future of our shopping.

 

日常复习方略

1. 仿写：类似功能段落、表达和话题

2. 翻译：英译汉à汉译英à对比

3.背写：思路+表达