选修模块7　Unit 21　Human Biology

课文与语法填空

　　阅读所学课文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many contemporary amateur 　1　(athlete)would have broken world records if they 　2　(take)part in the first Olympic Games. Since then, records have fallen in track and field year after year. 

If records fall, it is usually due to better 　3　(equip), training and diet, but recently, improvements have begun to slow down. At the 2000 Olympics, only three runners achieved Olympic bests with no world records. Some experts predict 　4　 ceiling for many events, such as 9.5 seconds for the 100 metres—Maurice Greene’s current record is 9.79 seconds. 

Talking about breaking records, we come across the issue of performance-enhancing drugs. These drugs are originally developed 　5　(help)people with illnesses, but in the wrong hands, they create supreme athletes. Taking these drugs is known as “doping” 　6　 although they enhance performance, they also cause health problems for those 　7　 abuse them. 

 　8　(unfortunate), it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs. New drugs are developed all the time and drug tests for sporting events are often one step behind. 

The Olympic spirit, which emphasises taking part rather than winning, has been violated by the desire to succeed 　9　 all costs. In today’s world, winners 　10　(treat)as heroes, but if doping continues to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning. 

1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 

6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 

答案　

1.athletes　根据修饰词Many可知,空格处应填复数名词。

2.had taken　该句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,从句应用过去完成时“had done”。

3.equipment　空格处作介词宾语,结合定语形容词比较级better可知,应填名词。

4.a　ceiling为可数名词,在句中表示泛指,故空格处填不定冠词a。

5.to help　此处为不定式短语作目的状语,且与主语是主动关系。

6.and　空格处前后是两个并列的分句,第二个分句含有一个状语从句,结合语境可知,and符合题意。

7.who　先行词those指人,且空格处在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。

8.Unfortunately　空格处在句中作状语,故填提示词的副词形式。

9.at　at all costs为固定介词短语,意为“无论如何,不管多大代价”。

10.are treated　主语是动作的承受者,结合语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态。

 

课文与短文改错

根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

The SARS epidemic began to 2002 with a lung disease in Guangdong Province. It spreads quickly. Over nine months, the number of global cases passed 8,000 and 774 people died.

No one really knew much about SARS as it was complete new. This meant that there were no prescription drugs or tablets to treat them and doctors were not sure how prevent it either. Most people had no nature defences against the disease.

Since the SARS epidemic ended, so scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreak. Modern communication technology or medical research techniques allow health experts to unite, share knowledge, and work together without pause to help putting SARS behind us.

答案　

第一段

1.第一句:to→in　in 2002表示“在2002年”。

2.第二句:spreads→spread　谓语是过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时。 

第二段

3.第一句:complete→completely　修饰形容词new,应用副词completely。

4.第二句:them→it　treat之后的代词指代的是SARS,故将them改为it。 

5.第二句:∧prevent→to　此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。

6.第三句:nature→natural　修饰名词defences,应用形容词natural。

第三段

7.第一句:删除so　逗号前是状语从句,逗号后是主句,so是多余的。

8.第一句:outbreak→outbreaks　outbreak为可数名词。

9.第二句:or→and　根据语境可知,并列连词or使用错误,应改为and。

10.第二句:putting→put　根据“help(to)do sth.”可知,应将putting改为put。 

 

话题知识与写作

()用所学词汇、短语或句型翻译下列各句

1.在本次田径比赛中,她因滥用兴奋剂而被调查。

 

 

2.服用兴奋剂不但损害人的肝脏,也违背了竞争精神,那样做是荒谬的。

 

 

3.这样的犯罪行为无论如何都不能被人容忍,也是被严格禁止的。

 

 

4.希望在不久的将来类似事件不再发生。

 

 

 ()将以上句子连成一段语言流畅、逻辑严密的短文

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

答案　

()1.In this track and field competition, she was investigated for abuse of stimulants.

2.Taking stimulants not only damages the liver, but also violates the spirit of competition. It is absurd to do that.

3.Such crime cannot be tolerated at any rate and it is prohibited strictly, too.

4.It is hoped that such an incident will be stopped in its tracks in the near future.

()

In this track and field competition, she was investigated for abuse of stimulants. Taking them not only damages the liver, but also violates the spirit of competition, so it is absurd to do that. Therefore,such crime cannot be tolerated at any rate and it is prohibited strictly, too. It is hoped that such an incident will be stopped in its tracks in the near future.

 

单元词汇拓展速记

“-ate”(v.)词块

accumulate积累

advocate主张,提倡

appreciate感谢;欣赏

associate联想,联系

calculate计算,算出

celebrate庆祝　

circulate循环

communicate交流,交际

compensate补偿,赔偿

concentrate集中(思想、注意力等)

congratulate祝贺

create造成;创造,创建

debate辩论,争论

decorate装饰,布置

donate捐赠;赠送

educate教育

evaluate评估,评价

graduate毕业

hesitate犹豫,踌躇

imitate模仿 

indicate表明;表示

locate坐落于;位于

motivate使有动机,促使,激发

negotiate协商;谈判

operate运转;操作;经营,管理

participate参加

relate使……有联系

separate分开,隔开

tolerate容忍

translate翻译

update更新

violate违反,违背