杜甫《登高》英译对比资料【关于押韵】

（曾冲明2014年7月9日凌晨）
      杜甫《登高》
风急天高猿啸哀，渚清沙白鸟飞回。
无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。
万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台。
艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。

W. J. B. Fletcher 1818年译：
    The Heights 【以音节押韵】                
The wind so fresh, the sky so high 
Awake the gibbons’ wailing cry. 
The islet clear-cut, the sand so white, 
Arrest the wheeling sea-gulls’ flight. 
Through endless space with rustling sound 
The falling leaves are whirled around. 
Beyond my ken a yeasty sea 
The Yangtze’s waves are rolling free. 
From far away, in autumn drear,  
I find myself a stranger here. 
With dragging years and illness wage 
Lone war upon this lofty stage. 
With troubles vexed and trials sore  
My locks are daily growing hoar: 
Till Time, before whose steps I pine, 
Set down this failing cup of wine!

许渊冲译：
        On the Height【以音节押韵】
The wind so swift,the sky so wide,apes wail and cry;
Water so clear and beach so white,birds wheel and fly.
The boundless forest sheds its leaves shower by shower;
The endless river rolls its waves hour after hour.
A thousand miles from home,I’m grieved at autumn’s plight;
I'll now and then for years,alone I’m on this height.
Living in times so hard,at frosted hair I pine;
Cast down by poverty, I have to give up wine.   

     我想探讨三个问题：一、英语是母语的译者是否也受音节押韵的束缚？二、他们的译文比较。三、他们对定冠词的用法。
Rewi  Alley译：
     Written on an Autumn Holiday  【不押韵】      
These days of autumn, the clouds / 
Are high; wind rises in strength; / 
Far away the cry of monkeys can / 
Be heard, giving people a sorrowful / 
Feeling; skimming the white sands / 
And the water, waterfowl fly; falling / 
Leaves rustle as they come through / 
The air; The Yangtse seems endless / 
With its waters rolling on incessantly; /
So many autumns have I now spent / 
Away from home, with sickness for / 
A companion; now do I climb high / 
Above the river by myself, /
Troubles and sorrow have turned my hair / 
Grey; sick and poor, I now / 
Even stop drinking wine!

Florence 译：
                     I Climb High   【部分以单音或音节押韵】                 
Wind is strong, sky is high, gibbons wail sadly; / 
Shoals are bright, sand gleam white, birds fly in circles. / 
Without bounds is the forest, leaves fall, swish, swish, they drop; / 
No ending has Great River, swirl, swirl, it comes. / 
Ten thousand li sad Autumn! Have been long a wanderer; / 
A hundred years, many illnesses! Alone I climb the tower. / 
Sorrows, hardships, bitterness, grief, thickly frosted hair on my brows, / 
Inert I sink to ground; all fellowship ended; I drink muddy wine in my cup.

​Witter Bynner译 ：    
         A Long Climb   【基本不押韵】                
In a sharp gale from the wide sky apes are whimpering, / 
Birds are flying homeward over the clear lake and white sand, / 
Leaves are dropping down like the spray of a waterfall, / 
While I watched the long river always rolling on. / 
I have come three miles away. Sad now with autumn / 
And with my hundred years of woe, I climb this height alone. / 
Ill fortune has laid a bitter frost on my temples, / 
Heart-ache and weariness are a thick dust in my wine.                        

      下面再比较我国翻译家的译文：
谢文通译：
                           Climbing the Heights   【一半诗行押韵】             
Swift wind and a high ceiling mournful the monkeys sound, / 
From island to white beach the birds are wheeling round. / 
Everywhere falling leaves fall rustling to / 
The waves of the Long River onrushing without bound. / 
Who grieves for Autumn a thousand miles from home / 
Despite lifelong illness I climb the terrace alone. / 
Hardships and bitterness frosting many a hair, / 
I abjure the cup of wine that stopped my moan. 

​杨宪益、戴乃迭译：
        Climbing a Terrace——Yang Xianyi【不押韵】
Wind blusters high in the sky and monkeys wail;
Clear the islet with white sand where birds are wheeling;
Everywhere the leaves fall rustling from the trees,
While on for ever rolls the turbulent Yangtze.
All around is autumnal gloom and I, long from home,
A prey all my life to ill heath,climb the terrace alone;
Hating the hardships which have frosted my hair,
Sad that illness has made me give up the solace of wine.

李惟建译，翁显良校：
         On the Heights  【基本不押韵】                   
High wind blowing,  high clouds floating,  gibbons wailing, / 
Sandbars gleaming white, the waters rippling clear, / 
Birds coming home, leaves rustling down -- / 
And the great river rolls on, ceaseless. / 
A stranger here, far, far, from home, / 
I can’t help feeling sad in autumn. / 
Life is short, my health failing, here I stand alone. / 
Life is hard, my temples greying, / 
I’m filled with regret. / 
Down and out, can’t even drink now, / 
Can’t even drink now…

章学清译：
    Ascent 【以音节押韵】
The wind so wild, the sky so high,  
The moody monkeys sorely sigh.  
The isle so drear, the sand so pale,  
The lingering gulls in circles sail.  
All over such a vast expanse,  
The rustling leaves off branches dance.  
The Yangtse River rises yon,  
And passes raging on and on.  
Apart from home so far and long,  
With autumn, myriad sorrows throng.  
With illness all my life to fight,  
I now alone ascend this height. 
Weighed down in troubled times with care,  
I hate the growing hoary hair.  
A broken heart, for cups I pine;  
Oh, if my health permitted wine!   
                     
徐忠杰译：
                            An Ascent 【以音节押韵】                       
A stiff breeze is up; the vault of heaven seems high. / 
Monkeys on the hills are making their plaintive cry. / 
The islets become clearer; the sandbanks, clean and white; / 
Water-birds are hovering over them in their flight. / 
For miles around, rustling leaves are falling without pause. / 
The Yang-tze-kiang is tumbling on in its onward course. / 
Far from home, autumn strikes me as adding to my grief. / 
An invalid, I mount the heights alone for relief. / 
Long suffering has left its cruel mark on my hair. / 
I’ve ceased anew to drink in utter despair.

吴钧陶译：
                            Mounting 【以音节押韵】                        
From heaven high the winds are whirling down with monkey’s whine, / 
And over the white sanded hursts the birds are cleaving fine. / 
The boundless forests shed their yellow leaves with rustles; / 
The everflowing Yangtze on its way rolls and wrestles. / 
Autumn is chilling me – always a thousand-miles-roameer, / 
Alone mounting the mountain, and a life-long sufferer. / 

秦大川译：
        Ascending a Height【基本不押韵】
                  By Du Fu
The swift gusts, vaulted sky and wails of apes,
The clean shoal, white sand and birds on their way.
Boundless tree leaves fall drear and desolate;
Th'  infinite Yangtse rolls forth wave on wave.
Oft a world rover, lamenting th'  fall days,
I scale th'  terrace by myself, ill and aged.
Hardship and pain have my hair whiter turned,
Down and out, I've quited coarse brew of late.

曾冲明译：
     Reciting My Poem at a High Terrace【以单音押韵】
               by Du Fu
The winds blow strong in the sky, 
The monkeys in mountains all cry; 
The islet is brilliant with sand white,  
Gulls fly all around over the riverside.
Leaves fall off endless woods rustling.  
Waves roll in the Yangtse River roaming.
I've left home so far away as a stranger.
Climbing a high terrace alone in sad fall.
My temples grow white because of hardships, 
And along with hatred as well as sorrows. 
In such a condition I have to abandon 
Even a cup of muddy wine once again.