where 用法

一、where作用

    where 可作疑问副词、从属连词（引导状语从句）、关系副词（引导定语从句）、连接副词（名词性从句）。

二、where作疑问副词，在疑问句中作地点状语。

     Where do you come from?

     Where were you born?

    Where are you? 你在哪儿?

Where did you get the computer (form)? 你从哪儿弄到这台电脑的?

Where did you study medicine? 你从哪儿学的医?

     用于引申意义:

Where will all this trouble lead? ( =What result will it have? ) 这件麻烦的事会惹出什么结果?

三、where 作从属连词，引导地点状语从句

where 前没有表示地点的先行词；

where 引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词；

where 引导地点状语从句意思接近in/at the place where 可译为“在…的地方”。

1. Where引导的地点状语从句可以置于句末,也可以置于句首,但是所表达的含义有所区别。当where引导的状语从句置于句末时,一般表示地点；而当where引导的状语从句位于句首时,则具有对比、条件或时间的意味。

Where状语从句在句末: 表示地点(或抽象地点) ，修饰主句中的谓语,表示动作发生的地点。

Hero worship is strongest where there is least regard for human freedom.

在人的自由最不受到尊重的地方,英雄崇拜最盛行。 

The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.

She found her passport where she lost it.

Put the medicine where children cannot reach it.

Take him where it’s quiet.

Keep him where you can see him.

Keep it where you can see it.

After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.

The thread breaks where it is weakest. 线从最弱的地方断。

　　Hide it where curious eyes won't see it. 把它藏在好事者看不见的地方。

　　We'll pick up where we finished yesterday. 我们从昨天停止的地方继续进行。

They waved to us to stay where we were. 他们向我们挥手,要我们停在原地。

You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。

I’m going to do what I like and go where I like. 我要做我想做的事,去我想去的地方。

Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。

用所给的短语填空，必要的地方可以改变其形式。

Can you succeed where others failed? 别人干砸的事情， 你能干成吗？
  2. Where状语从句在句首: 含有对比(contrast)意味，这个从句与主句在语义上可以形成对比的意味。

Where most people saw nothing but a hardened criminal, I saw a lonely and desperate man.
　　许多人只看见一个冷酷无情的罪犯,但我看到的却是一个孤独而绝望的男人。 　

    Where others are weak, he is strong. 别人的弱点正是他的优势。　　

3. where状语从句在句首: 含有条件(condition) 意味。

常用句型Where there is …, there is …”  where引导的状语从句具有条件意味 　　

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。 　　

Where there is life, there is hope.  留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。

Where bees are, there is honey. 哪儿有蜜蜂哪儿就有蜜。

Where there is love, there is hope.  有爱,就有希望。

Where there is great love, there are always miracles. 哪里有真爱,哪里就有奇迹。

Where the money is, there is power. 有钱就有势。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。

　  Where there's a will there's a way, but what if your name is Will? 有志者事竟成，但如果你就叫WILL呢？

Where there's a will, there's an Inheritance（遗产）Tax. 哪里有遗嘱，哪里就有遗产税。

4. where状语从句在句首:含有时间(time)意味。

... where we are met with cynicism, and doubt, and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes we can.

　　当我们遇到嘲讽和怀疑,当有人说我们办不到的时候,我们要以诠释了美国精神的这个永恒的信条来回应他们:不,我们能做到。　　

注：where 地点状语从句除表地点、对比、条件、时间，还可表处境：

He said he was happy where he was. 他说他现在处境很愉快。

It is your fault that she is where she is. 她今天落到这个地步都怪你。 that … 主语从句、It为形式主语。

I'm unsatisfied with where I live. 我对自己住的地方特不满意。（上两句从形式上分别属于表语从句和宾语从句）

    注：where / wherever 

where一般表示一个确定的但非特指的地点。

The school was built where there had once been a cemetery. 学校建在一座墓园的旧址。

wherever表示“任何地方” 引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的任何(所有)地方”，与where, anywhere, everywhere 用法相似。

You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。

You can’t camp wherever [where, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。

注：wherever / no matter where

wherever引导让步状语从句可与no matter where互换。

Wherever he goes, I’ll go. 不管他去哪里，我也去。

I’ll find him, wherever he is [may be]. 无论他在哪里，我都要找到他。

Wherever you find high wages, you will generally find high prices. 哪里有高工资，哪里一般就有高物价。

Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous.

出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里，都会被人认出来。

No matter where / Wherever you now are in writing, you can improve with practice.

不管你在写作上你处于什么水平，练习都能帮你提高。

No matter where you go, I’ll wait for you here.

Wherever 还可引导名词性从句、no matter where不可。

Wherever you are from doesn’t matter.

注：where引导地点状语从句与引导定语从句的转换

where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。

Go back where you came from.你从何处来到何处去。(where引导地点状语从句)

      Go back to the country where you came from.你从哪个国家来了就回哪去。(where引导定语从句，修饰place)

    注：下面一句中的wherever possible 与 whenever possible 同义

　　Wherever possible the jobs are given to local people. 只要有可能就把工作提供给当地人。