独立主格结构表示原因
独立主格结构:由名词(或代同)+分同(或形容词、个定式、介同短语、副词等)构成.可以用来作原因状语。
with复合结构,作用与独立结构差个多,也可用于表原因。
John being away,Henry had to do the work. 由于约翰不在.只好由亨利来做这个工作.
When she was fifty she retired, her health having been impaired by years of over work.
她五十岁时退休厂.(因为)多年劳累把她的身体搞垮了.
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班都盯着他瞧,他更感到不自在了.
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨.
With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
有许多难题要解决,新当选的总统日子不好过。
(= As he has a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.)
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班都盯着他瞧,他更感到不自在了。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨。nine out of ten
Without anything left in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat.
With his key missing (=Because his key is missing), he had to stay outside.
With his hair cut, he looked younger.
With our problem settled, we all felt happy.
With a lot of homework to do, I can’t go skating with you.
She knew that with him to help her, she could and would succeed.
含有being的独立主格结构
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
由那个男孩带路,我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。(相当于Because the boy led the way)
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous.
许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张。(相当于As many eyes were watching him)
It being National Day today,the streets are very crowded. 今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。
= As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. 没有别的事可讨论,我们都回家了。
= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.
There being nothing else to do, they gone away. 由于无事可做,他们离开了。
There being no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.
= As there was no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.由于在半夜没有交通工具了,他只好步行回家。
注:表示原因的独立主格结构一般放在句首,并且不能保留连词。
【误】The moon appearing and they continued their way.
【正】The moon appearing, they continued their way. 月亮出来了,他们继续赶路。
* With the man ______ us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village.
A.To guide B.Guiding C.Guided D.To have guide
* With a lot of work_____, she doesn’t have time to rest.
A.to do B.to be done C.doing D.done
* With the machine _____all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.
A.to work B.worked C.working D.Being working
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