摘自博主所著《高中英语句型》
第六节 there be的非限定形式
There be 的非限定形式有两种:there to be (不定式形式) 和there being (动名词或现在分词形式),在句中用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。
there to be 和there being 的作用
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形式
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作用
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例句
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说明
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there to be
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主语
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It is impossible for there to be any more.
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必须是for+ there be 形式
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For there to be so few people in the streets was unusual.
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there being
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There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.
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there being 直接作主语不用for
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there to be
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宾语
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People don't want there to be another war. 动宾
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want, expect等接不定式的动词
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The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence. 介宾
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只作介词for的宾语
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there being
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The teacher doesn't allow there being a single mistake in the test.
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allow, mind等接v-ing的动词
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This depended on there being a sudden change.
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作介词宾语(for除外)
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there to be
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状语
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It was too late for there to be any buses.
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表结果 表目的 表目的
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For there to be a pen to write with, little Jim sold a toy of his.
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They planned for there to be another meeting.
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there being
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There being no buses, we had to walk home.
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独立主格作状语
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There being nothing else to do, we went home happily.
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There being nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
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用法原则:
There to be通常表示目前"没有存在"的事物“将要有”;
There being则通常表示"已经存在"的事情“正有”。与to do 和doing的区别相通。
1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.
公共汽车站离家这么近是一个很有利的条件。(There being a bus 用作主语)
2. I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding. 我不想引起任何误解。(There to be 作宾语)
3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.
谁也没想到会有这样的一个好地方。(There being 在句子中作介词of的宾语。需注意的是,结构若出现在介词for的后面则要用动词不定式;若出现在其他介词后面则要用动名词)
4. There being no bus, we had to walk home. 因为没有公共汽车,我们只好步行回家。
(“There being + 名词”构成独立主格结构,在句中作状语)
5. I don’t want there to be any more trouble.我不希望再有麻烦了。(不定式作宾语)
6. I expect there to be no argument about this.我希望对此没有什么争论。(不定式作宾语)
7. It was unusual for there to be so few people in the street.大街上人这么少,这不大正常。(不定式作主语)
8. What’s the chance of there being an election this year?今年举行大选的可能性有多大?(动名词作介词宾语)
9. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.离屋子这么近有一个汽车站,这太便利了.(动名词作主语)
10. There being nothing else to do,we went home.没有别的事可做,我们就回家了。(分词作状语)
1. 作主语
当作主语时,一般是There being结构,当句式中有for时,一般用there to be
There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.
"there being +宾格词"结构在句中作主语,句中的宾格词a bus stop作"there being" v-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
There being a house with a garden is of great value. 拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。
It is important for there to be a free school for the poor children. 给贫困的孩子建一所免费学校太重要了。
It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。
It is impossible for there to be any more chance. 不可能在有机会了。
For there to be no late comers was unusual. 没人迟到这是不寻常的事.
2. 作宾语
作介词宾语,一般用there being,但for后时一般用there to be.
Have you ever thought of there being so many work units for you to choose on the talent’s meeting?("there being +宾格词"作宾语) "there being +宾格词"结构在句中作介词of的宾语,句中的宾格词so many work units作"there being" v-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。
There is now some hope of there being a settlement of the dispute. 现在还有点希望可以解决这次争端。
I never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall. 我从未想到墙壁上有幅画。
I was wrong about there being some misunderstanding between us.认为我们之间有误解是我的错误。
No one had told him anything about there being a beautiful story about the lake.
John was relying on there being another opportunity.
The Chinese are proud of there being the Great Wall in North China. 中国人以在中国北部有个长城而自豪。
It was too late for there to be any buses. 时间太晚,不会有汽车了。
We waited for there to be another opportunity. 我们期待着还有下一次机会。
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。
What’s the chance of there being an election this year? (动名词短语作介词of 的宾语)
作动词宾语,在接动名词的动词,接there being;接不定式的动词接there to be.
mind, enjoy, appreciate, suggest, advise, advoid等词须接doing,同样适用于there being, 不能用there to be.
want, hope, plan, intend, would like等须接to do,同样适用于there to be, 不能用there being.
I don’t mind there being a break among the discussion.
I advised there being a discussion about the plan.
If you don’t mind there being so much noise around, you are quite welcome to stay. (动名词短语作动词mind的宾语)
They planned to there to be another meeting. 他们打算再开一次会。
-- They planned on there being another meeting.
We expect there to be no argument.
People don't want there to be another war.
Would you like there to be a picture on the wall? 你喜欢墙壁上挂一张画吗?
We don't want there to be any comrade lagging behind. 我们不希望有一个同志掉队。
I don't want there to be any misunderstanding between us.我不希望我们之间有什么误会。
She doesn't hope there to be any quarrel between me and her. 她不希望我们之间有什么争吵。(对将来的一种希望)
We don’t want there to be any students falling behind. 我们不想有任何学生落后.
I should prefer there to be no disscusion.我希望没有讨论.
Let there be no mis under standing.不要产生误会. (动词let后接there be 做宾语补足语)
I expect there to be no argument about this. (不定式短语作动词expect的宾语)
I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.(不定式短语作动词prefer的宾语)
I don’t want there to be any doubt about this. (不定式短语作动词want的宾语)
Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem? (不定式短语作动词like的宾语)
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.
People don’t want there to be another war.
Members like there to be plenty of choice.
3. 作状语
用作状语的there be的形式通常用there being结构。 此时there being 相当于副词, 在语法上属于"独立结构",通常作原因状语。
There being no cause for alarm, she went back to her bedroom.(there being +宾格词 作原因状语)
"there being "结构在句中作状语,句中的宾格词no cause作"there being" v-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
There being no teacher in the classroom, the pupils began to talk freely. 由于教室里没有教师,学生们开始自由交谈。
There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车,我们不得不走着回家。
There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.屋里没人,我们意识到哭喊是没有用的。
There being nothing to do, we went home. 因为没有什么事要办,我们就回家了。
There being nobody else at hand, I had to do it by myself.由于身边没有别人,我只得自己干了。
There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director,the department asked him to resign.
There being nothing to be done,they have to go back home.
There being no further business,the chairman closed the meeting.
There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was burned black by the sun.
There being nothing else to do, we went home.(现在分词短语作原因状语
They closed the door, there being no customers. (现在分词短语作原因状语)
It is not cold enough for there to be frost. 天还不够冷不足以有霜冻. for there to be … 作结果状语
4. for there to be …小结
在需要要to do的位置,通常也要用there to be
there be句型中be用不定式,形成"(for)there to be +宾格词"结构,表示"有"或"存在(某种情况)",在"(for)there to be +宾格词"的结构中,主语是宾格词。这种不定式结构在句中作逻辑宾语、状语和主语。
1."there to be +宾格词"在句中作宾语。
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams. "there to be +宾格词"结构在句中作动词expect的宾语,句中的宾格词more reviewing classes作"there to be"不定式结构的逻辑主语。特别应该注意的是there后的不定式只能用"to be"的形式,因为这种不定式结构是从"there be"结构转化而来的。
People don’t want there to be another war.
Members like there to be plenty of choice.
Perhaps transportation and the means of communication have really made it possible for there to be an end to the big cities.
2."for there to be +宾格词"在句中作状语。
It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim ’s car out quite safely.("for there to be +宾格词"作结果状语) 特别应该注意的是,"for there to be +宾格词"在句中作状语时必须用介词 for引出 there be 后面的宾格词。
For there to be successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussing itself by all present.("for there to be +宾格词"作目的状语)
They planned for there to be another meeting.("for there to be +宾格词"作目的状语)
3."there to be +宾格词"在句中作主语。
It’s a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company. 特别应该注意的是, "for there to be +宾格词"在句中作主语时必须用介词for引出 there be后面的宾格词。
It is impossible for there to be any more apples.
For there to be so few people in the streets was unusual.
It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping,singing,or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound. "there to be +宾格词"结构在句中作介词for的宾语,句中的宾格词an ensemble of expert musicians 作"there to be"不定式结构的逻辑主语。 "for there to be +宾格词"在句中作主语时必须用介词for引出 there be后面的宾格词。
5. there being … 小结
在需要用doing的位置,通常也要用there being.
宾语:介词宾语、mind,avoid宾语、
主语:
状语:
there be句型中be用V -ing分词,形成"(of)there being +宾格词"结构,表示"有"或"存在(某种情况)",在"(of)there be- ing +宾格词"的结构中,主语是宾格词。
1."there being +宾格词"在句中作宾语。
Have you ever thought of there being so many work units for you to choose on the talent’s meeting?("there being +宾格词"作宾语)
"there being +宾格词"结构在句中作介词of的宾语,句中的宾格词so m any work u- nits作"there being"V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
No one had told him anything about there being a beautiful story about the lake. John was relying on there being another opportunity.
2."there being +宾格词"在句中作状语。
There being no cause for alarm ,she went back to her bedroom.("there being +宾格词"作原因状语)
"there being +宾格词"结构在句中作状语,句中的宾格词no cause作"there being" V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director,the department asked him to resign.("there being +宾格词"作原因状语)
There being nothing to be done,they have to go back home.("there being +宾格词"作原因状语)
There being no further business,the chairm an closed the meeting.("there being +宾格词"作原因状语)
3."there being +宾格词"在句中作主 语。
There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.
"there being +宾格词"结构在句中作主语,句中的宾格词a bus stop作"there being" V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
小结测试
1. Owing to ______ no shipping space up to the moment, we have to require delayed shipment.
A. there is B. there be C. there was D. there being
2. ______ nothing else to do, we went home happily. A. There to be B. There be C. There was D. There being
3. ______ nothing else to do, so we went home happily. A. There to be B. There be C. There was D. There being
4. I don't want _____ any misunderstanding between us. A. there to be B. there be C. there is D. there being
5. ______ a house with a garden is of great value.
A. There to be B. There be C. There was D. There being
6. Ann never dreams of _________ for her to be sent abroad very soon.
A. there to be a chance B. there being a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance
7. No one had told Smith about ____ a lecture the following day.
A. there beB. there would be C. there wasD. there being
答案解析:
1.D。解析:owing to 后面应该加名词, 作介词的宾语一般用there being句式,故选D。
2. D。解析:本题句意为:由于没事可做,我们快乐地回家了。所选部分应该在句中作状语。用作状语的there be的形式通常用there being结构。故选D。
3. C. 有连词so, 所以前句为句子。
4. A。解析: 本题句意为:我不希望我们之间有什么误会。所选部分在句中作动词的复合宾语。want接todo作宾语,相应地用there to be 结构,故选A。
5. D。解析: 本题句意为:拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。 所选部分应该在句中作主语, 当作主语时,一般是there being结构, 故选D。
6. B. 解析: 动词短语 dream of 要求跟 v-ing 分词结构作宾语,更准确地讲是介词of后要求跟 v-ing 分词结构作宾语,there being a chance意为\有一个机会\ 。而D)项 being a chance 虽然是 V-ing 分词结构,但语义不通。
7. D. 解析同6. 介词 about 后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语,there being(a lecture)意为\有(一个讲座)
一 there to be / there being 作主语
1. For ______ so few people in the streets was unusual.
2. There ______ (be) a shop here is a great advantage.
3. It’s a great pity for _______ much trouble in the company.
4. It was unusual for ______ so few people in the street.
5. It is impossible for ______ any more apples
二 there to be / there being 作宾语
1. We expect ______ no argument.
2. I suggested ______ a discussion between the two sides.
3. No one would have dreamt of _______ such a fine place.
4. The teacher was waiting for ______ complete silence.
5. What’s the chance of ______ an election this year?
6. No one had told him anything about _______ a beautiful story about the lake.
7. People don't want ______ another war.
8. Have you ever thought of ______ so many work units for you to choose on the talent’s meeting?
9. I expect ______ no argument about this.
10. John was relying on _______ another opportunity.
三 there to be / there being 作状语
1. They planned for______ another meeting.
2. It isn’t cold enough for ______ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim ’s car out quite safely.
3. There ______ (be) nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
4. There ______ (be) nothing else to do, we went home happily.
5. For there ______ (be) a pen to write with, little Jim sold a toy of his to buy one.
6. It was too late for there ______ (be) any buses.
7. There ______ (be) no buses, we had to walk home.
8. There ______ nothing to be done,they have to go back home.
9. There ______ no further business,the chairman closed the meeting.
(1) Ann never dreams of there _______(be) for her to be sent abroad very soon.
(2) It’s a great pity for there _______ (be) much trouble in the company.
Keys: there be句型 – 5 (there be 的非限定形式)
一
1. there to be 2. being 3. there to be 4. there to be 5. there to be
二
1. there to be 2. there being 3. there being
4. there to be 介词宾语用there being, 但for用there to be
5. there being 6. there being 7. there to be
8. there being 9. there to be 10. there being
三
1. there to be there be 作状语一般用there being独立主格形式作状语。但for接there to be 作状语。
2. there to be
3. being
4. being
5. to b e for 后接there to be
6. to be
7. being there being 独立主格作状语表原因
8. being 同7
9. being 同7
(1) being
(2) to be
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