加载中…上外考研英语语言文学综合英语真题2016真题模拟题
(2016-04-25 16:09:17)
标签：
上海外国语大学考研上外研究生英语文学英语综合高译教育历年真题 |
分类： 上外考研历年真题系列 |
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上海外国语大学硕士研究生入学考试模拟题一 |
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（考试时间 3 小时，满分 150 分，全部写在指定答题纸上，答在试卷上无效） |
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I、Multiple Choice (1X15’=15) 1.Individual sports are run by 370 independent governing bodies whose funtions usually include ______ rules, holding events, selecting national teams and promoting international links. |
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to attract good health or to ______ disease. |
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international disputes. |
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television.
close examination.
6. When toxic fumes from the factory chemical spill began to drift toward our homes, we were told to _. A. evacuate B. excavate C. exhale D. exhort 7. The head of the department has a great _ for public speaking. A. flex B. flax C. flail D. flair 8. They claim that the lack of collection _ into which rain and spilt liquids can drain could contaminate the surrounding land. A. aquatics B. sumps C. gauzes D. torsos 9. Missionaries travel all over the world to preach the _. A. Gospel B. Gourmet C. Granary D. Gosh 10. He worked as a builder in Chicago and _ half his monthly wage to his family in the Philippines. A. refunded B. remitted C. reposed D. rebuffed 11. Which party is in power now in the UK? |
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A The Conservative Party. B The Labour Party. C The Liberal Democrats. D The Scottish National Party. 12. Which of the following lakes does Canada share with the United States? A Lake Winnipeg. B The Great Slave Lake. C The Great Bear Lake. D The five Great Lakes. 13. U. S. senators serve for ____ years after they are elected. A four B six C three D two 14. Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers? A The Eskimos. B The Maori. C The Indians. D The Aborigines. 15. ____ is best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems. A Robert Browning B W. B. Yeats C William Blake D William Wordsworth |
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II. Cloze Test(0.5X30’=15)
arenavolunteerconflictcl responsible importantintrinsic concernself-evidentcoverindependent essential consistency peer displacement absorb harbor proportion form future indigenous refine incorporate mistake skills relate duration
rate of loss of tropical rainforests. For example, one graphic illustration to which children might readily ___1__ is the estimate that rainforests are being destroyed at a rate equivalent to one thousand football fields every forty minutes-about the ___2__ of a normal classroom period. In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will have __3___ ideas about rainforests-what and where they are, why they are important, what endangers them- ___4__ of any formal tuition. It is also possible that some of these ideas will be __5___ .
curriculum science. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become ___7__ into a multifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification. These ideas may be developed by children ___8__ ideas through the popular media. Sometimes this information may be erroneous. It seems schools may |
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not be providing an opportunity for children to re-express their ideas and so have them tested and __9___ by teachers and their ___10__.
rainforests, little formal information is available about children’s ideas in this area. The aim of the present study is to start to provide such information, to help teachers design their educational strategies to build upon correct ideas and to __12___ misconceptions and to plan programmes in environmental studies in their schools.
Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions. The most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are __13___ from the term ‘rainforest’. Some children described them as damp, wet or hot. The second question ___14__ the geographical location of rainforests. The commonest responses were continent or countries: Africa (given by 43% of children), South America(30%), Brazil(25%). Some children also gave more general locations, such as being near the Equator.
idea, raised by 64% of the pupils ， was that rainforests provide animals with habitats. Fewer students responded that rainforests provide plant habitats, and even fewer mentioned the ___16__ populations of rainforests. More girls (70%) and boys (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.
rainforests provided human habitats. These observations are generally __17___ with our previous studies of pupils’ views about the use and conservation of rainforests, in which girls were shown to be more sympathetic to animals and expressed views which seem to place an __18___ value on non-human animal life.
Perhaps encouragingly, more than half of the pupils(59%) identified that it is human activities which are destroying rainforests, some personalizing the __19___ by the use of terms such as ‘we are’. About 18% of the pupils referred specifically to logging activity.
responsible for rainforest destruction; a similar __20___ said that pollution is destroying rainforests. Here, children are confusing rainforest destruction with damage to the forests of Western Europe by these factors. While two fifths of the students provided the information that the rainforests provide oxygen, in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen, making the atmosphere __21___ with human life on Earth.
the majority of children simply said that we need rainforests to ___22__. Only a few of the pupils (6%) mentioned that rainforest destruction may contribute to global warming. This is surprising considering the high level of media coverage on this issue. Some children expressed the idea that the conservation of rainforests is not important.
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children about rainforests. Pupils’ responses indicate some misconception in basic scientific knowledge of rainforests’ ecosystems such as their ideas about rainforests as habitats for animals, plants and humans and the relationship between __23___ change and destruction of rainforests.
causes of rainforest destruction. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests. One encouragement is that the results of similar studies about other environmental issues suggest that older children seem to acquire the ability to appreciate value and evaluate __26___ views. Environmental education offers an __27___ in which these 28 can be developed, which is __29___ for these children as __30___ decision-makers. |
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III. Reading Comprehension(1X40’=40)
from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food, which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.
radiation is called rem. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far. 1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ________. A) it protects him against the harmful rays from space B) it provides sufficient light for plant growth C) it supplies the heat necessary for human survival D) it screens off the falling meteors 2. We know from the passage that ________. A) exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal |
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B) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming C) radiation is avoidable in space exploration D) astronauts in spacesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage 3. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members ________. A) is insignificant B) seems overestimated C) is enormous D) remains unknown 4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A) the Apollo mission was very successful B) protection from space radiation is no easy job C) astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren D) radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers
for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference, is that it’s one person’ s opinion. But because the two big cola companies —Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.
or Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.
we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’ choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.
people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 of 27 identified all four samples correctly.
participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people go all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price. 5. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ________. A) find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s drinking B) reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers C) show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guess-work D) compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks 6. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show ________. A) Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two most favorite drinks |
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B) there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi C) few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi D) people’s tastes differ from one another 7. It is implied in the first paragraph that ________. A) the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colas B) the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies C) the competition between the two colas is very strong D) blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans 8. The word “burnout” (Line 4, Para. 5) here refers to the state of ________. A) being seriously burnt in the skin B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel C) being badly damaged by fire D) being unable to function because of excessive use
misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa.
complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment. 9. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of “environment” as the author sees it? A) Elaborate. B) Prejudiced. C) Faultless. D) Oversimplified. 10. According to the author the concept of “environment” is difficult to explain because ________. A) it doesn’t distinguish between the organism and the environment B) it involves both internal and external forces C) the organism and the environment influence each other D) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear 11. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that |
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________. A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to man B) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forces C) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment D) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man 12. As for culture, the author points out that ________. A) it develops side by side with environmental factors B) it is also affected by environmental factors C) it is generally accepted to be part of the environment D) it is a product of man’s biological instincts
audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.
that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.
perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language. 13. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________. A) the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generation B) the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enough C) he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years D) English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English 14. In the author’s opinion, the speaker ________. |
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A) gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students B) had exaggerated the language problems of the students C) was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs D) could think and speak intelligently 15. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is ________. A) neutral B) positive C) critical D) compromising 16. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. A) it is justifiable to include English as a school subject B) the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level C) English language teaching is by no means an easy job D) language improvement needs time and effort
manholes. At the airport, it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport. It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital.
Internet, the global computer network. Shoppers will be able to view and pay for products electronically. A 24-hour community telecomputing network will allow users to communicate with elected representatives and retrieve information about government services. It is all part of the government's plan to transform the nation into what it calls the "Intelligent Island".
national ideology. For the past ten years, Singapore's work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U.S.-in terms of productivity, skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service.
ablest leaders I have met," one who, "in other times and other places, might have attained the world stature of a Churchill." Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore's struggle for independence in the 1950s, serving as Prime Minister from 1959 until 1990. Today (1995), at 71, he has nominally retired to the office of Senior Minister, where he continues to influence his country's future. Lee offered companies tax breaks, political stability, cheap labor and strike-free environment.
strict adherence to the principle of merit, personal opportunities abound. "If you've got talent and work hard, you can be anything here," says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position.
countries. He attributes his nation's success to strong family ties, a reliance on education as the engine of advancement and social philosophy that he claims is superior to America's.
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bearings" by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society. "An ethical society," he said, "is one which matches human rights with responsibilities."
a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen --mind the bicyclists --to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland ． You'll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long Great Belt Bridge ： Denmark's bountiful wind ， so fierce even on a calm summer's day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below．But wind itself is only part of the reason．In Lem，workers in factories the size of aircraft hangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas，the Danish company that has emerged as the industry's top manufacturer around the globe ． The work is both gross and fine ； employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building ， and assemble engine housings( 机 器 外 罩 )that hold some 18,000 separate parts．Most impressive are the turbine's blades, which scoop the wind with each sweeping revolution ． As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection，each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg，and they’re what help make Vestas’ turbines the best in the world．“The blade is where the secret is，” says Erik Therkelsen，a Vestas executive．“If we can make a turbine，it's sold．”
Denmark's dominance． the end， happened because Denmark had the political andInit |
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public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．Beginning in 1979 ， the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry ． Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs ， and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas ． It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price — thus guaranteeing investors a customer base．Energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’3-magawatt(MW)V90 turbine．
of its electricity from the breeze(Spain and Portugal，the next highest countries，get about 1 0％)and Danish companies control one—third of the global wind market， earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch．“They were out early in driving renewables ，and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job—creation leader,”says Jake Schmidt，international climate policy director for the New York City—based Natural Resources Defense Council．“They have always been one or two steps ahead of others."
wind， country(pop.5.5 million)is a world leader in energy efficiency，thegetting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E． Carbon emissions are down 13.3％U． from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved，even as Denmark's economy continued to grow at a healthy clip ． With Copenhagen set to host all-important U．N．climate change talks in December --where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol -- and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere ， Denmark's example couldn't be more timely．“We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.”says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．“You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions， achieve economicand growth."
Scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since， oh，the whole Viking thing．But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion， now in common currency： fear．oneWhen the 1973 oil crisis hit， 90％of Denmark's energy came from petroleum，almost all of it imported．Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world，Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation，to the point of introducing car-free Sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours．Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again，and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea．It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient．But unlike most other countries，Denmark never forgot the lessons of l973，and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply ． The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings．“It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment，” says Svend Auken，the former head of Denmark’s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country's environmental policies in the 1990s．“But today |
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there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power."
can stay rich and grow green at the same time．“Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience， just painful,”notsays NRDC's Schmidt． realThe pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps． 22 ． Which of the following is NOT cited as a main reason for Denmark's world leadership in wind power? A．Technology． B．Wind． C．Government drive． D．Geographical location． 23 ． The author has detailed some of the efforts of the Danish Government in promoting the wind industry in order to show A．the government’s determination． B．the country’s subsidy and loan policies． C．the importance of export to the country． D．the role of taxation to the economy． 24．What does the author mean by“Denmark's example couldn’t be more timely”? A．Denmark's energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries． B．Denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries． C．Denmark's energy-saving Success offers the world a useful model． D．Denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster． 25．According to the passage，Denmark's energy-saving policies originated from A．the country's long tradition of environmental awareness． B．the country's previous experience of oil shortage． C．the country's grave shortage of natural resources． D．the country's abundant wind resources． 26．Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage? A．Not to save energy could lead to serious consequences． B．Energy saving cannot go together with economic growth． C．Energy saving efforts can be painful but positive． D．Denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market．
encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as “solitary” and “individual theorists” were in reality connected to a movement—utopian socialism—which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women’s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and |
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that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.
The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group’s contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents’ energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians’ appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.
an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their utopia.
gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life. 27. It can be inferred that the author considers those historians who describe early feminists in the United States as “solitary” to be (A) insufficiently familiar with the international origins of nineteenth-century American feminist thought (B) overly concerned with the regional diversity of feminist ideas in the period before 1848 (C) not focused narrowly enough in their geographical scope (D) insufficiently aware of the ideological consequences of the Seneca Falls conference (E) insufficiently concerned with the social conditions out of which feminism developed 28. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the Seneca Falls conference on women’s rights? (A) It was primarily a product of nineteenth-century Saint-Simonian feminist thought. (B) It was the work of American activists who were independent of feminists abroad. (C) It was the culminating achievement of the utopian socialist movement. (D) It was a manifestation of an international movement for social change and feminism. (E) It was the final manifestation of the women’s rights movement in the United States in the nineteenth century. 29. The author’s attitude toward most European historians who have studied the |
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Saint-Simonians is primarily one of (A) approval of the specific focus of their research (B) disapproval of their lack of attention to the issue that absorbed most of the Saint-Simonians’ energy after 1832 (C) approval of their general focus on social conditions (D) disapproval of their lack of attention to links between the Saint-Simonians and their American counterparts (E) disagreement with their interpretation of the Saint-Simonian belief in sexual equality 30. The author mentions all of the following as characteristic of the Saint-Simonians EXCEPT: (A) The group included many women among its members. (B) The group believed in a world that would be characterized by sexual equality. (C) The group was among the earliest European socialist groups. (D) Most members believed that women should enter public life. (E) Most members believed that women and men were inherently similar in ability and character. 31. It can be inferred from the passage that the Saint-Simonians envisioned a utopian society having which of the following characteristics? (A) It would be worldwide. (B) It would emphasize dogmatic religious principles. (C) It would most influence the United States. (D) It would have armies composed of women rather than of men. (E) It would continue to develop new feminist ideas. 32. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that study of Saint-Simonianism is necessary for historians of American feminism because such study (A) would clarify the ideological origins of those feminist ideas that influenced American feminism (B) would increase understanding of a movement that deeply influenced the utopian socialism of early American feminists (C) would focus attention on the most important aspect of Saint-Simonian thought before 1832 (D) promises to offer insight into a movement that was a direct outgrowth of the Seneca Falls conference of 1848 (E) could increase understanding of those ideals that absorbed most of the energy of the earliest American feminists 33. According to the passage, which of the following would be the most accurate description of the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians? (A) A society in which women were highly regarded for their extensive education (B) A society in which the two genders played complementary roles and had equal status (C) A society in which women did not enter public life (D) A social order in which a body of men and women would rule together on the |
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basis of their spiritual power (E) A social order in which distinctions between male and female would not exist and all would share equally in political power
achievement of David W. Griffith (1875-1948). Before Griffith, photography in dramatic films consisted of little more than placing the actors before a stationary camera and showing them in full length as they would have appeared on stage. From the beginning of his career as a director, however, Griffith, because of his love of Victorian painting, employed composition. He conceived of the camera image as having a foreground and a rear ground, as well as the middle distance preferred by most directors. By 1910 he was using close-ups to reveal significant details of the scene or of the acting and extreme long shots to achieve a sense of spectacle and distance. His appreciation of the camera’s possibilities produced novel dramatic effects. By splitting an event into fragments and recording each from the most suitable camera position, he could significantly vary the emphasis from camera shot to camera shot.
juxtaposing images and varying the speed and rhythm of their presentation, he could control the dramatic intensity of the events as the story progressed. Despite the reluctance of his producers, who feared that the public would not be able to follow a plot that was made up of such juxtaposed images, Griffith persisted, and experimented as well with other elements of cinematic syntax that have become standard ever since. These included the flashback, permitting broad psychological and emotional exploration as well as narrative that was not chronological, and the crosscut between two parallel actions to heighten suspense and excitement. In thus exploiting fully the possibilities of editing, Griffith transposed devices of the Victorian novel to film and gave film mastery of time as well as space.
range and treatment of subjects. His early output was remarkably eclectic: it included not only the standard comedies, melodramas, westerns, and thrillers, but also such novelties as adaptations from Browning and Tennyson, and treatments of social issues. As his successes mounted, his ambitions grew, and with them the whole of American cinema. When he remade Enoch Arden in 1911, he insisted that a subject of such importance could not be treated in the then conventional length of one reel. Griffith’s introduction of the American-made multireel picture began an immense revolution. Two years later, Judith of Bethulia, an elaborate historicophilosophical spectacle, reached the unprecedented length of four reels, or one hour’s running time. From our contemporary viewpoint, the pretensions of this film may seem a trifle ludicrous, but at the time it provoked endless debate and discussion and gave a new intellectual respectability to the cinema. 34. The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) discuss the importance of Griffith to the development of the cinema (B) describe the impact on cinema of the flashback and other editing innovations (C) deplore the state of American cinema before the advent of Griffith |
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(D) analyze the changes in the cinema wrought by the introduction of the multireel film (E) document Griffith’s impact on the choice of subject matter in American films 35. The author suggests that Griffith’s film innovations had a direct effect on all of the following EXCEPT: (A) film editing (B) camera work (C) scene composing (D) sound editing (E) directing 36. It can be inferred from the passage that before 1910 the normal running time of a film was (A) 15 minutes or less (B) between 15 and 30 minutes (C) between 30 and 45 minutes (D) between 45 minutes and 1 hour (E) 1 hour or more 37. The author asserts that Griffith introduced all of the following into American cinema EXCEPT: (A) consideration of social issues (B) adaptations from Tennyson (C) the flashback and other editing techniques (D) photographic approaches inspired by Victorian painting (E) dramatic plots suggested by Victorian theater 38. The author suggests that Griffith’s contributions to the cinema had which of the following results? I. Literary works, especially Victorian novels, became popular sources for film subjects. II. Audience appreciation of other film directors’ experimentations with cinematic syntax was increased. III. Many of the artistic limitations thought to be inherent in filmmaking were shown to be really nonexistent. (A) II only (B) III only (C) I and II only (D) II and III only (E) I, II, and III 39. It can be inferred from the passage that Griffith would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? (A) The good director will attempt to explore new ideas as quickly as possible. (B) The most important element contributing to a film’s success is the ability of the actors. (C) The camera must be considered an integral and active element in the creation of a film. |
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(D) The cinema should emphasize serious and sober examinations of fundamental human problems. (E) The proper composition of scenes in a film is more important than the details of their editing. 40. The author’s attitude toward photography in the cinema before Griffith can best be described as (A) sympathetic (B) nostalgic (C) amused (D) condescending (E) hostile IV Writing Test 1 Narrative Writing (30’) The Doors that Are Open to Us. (no less than 300 words) 2 Argumentation(50’) less than 650 words) |
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