昨天波波去看了人体塑化标本的展览，对塑化技术颇感兴趣。于是翻译了一篇网上简要介绍塑化技术的文章给大家瞅瞅，一起来学习吧：

THE METHOD OF PLASTINATION 塑化的方法

Embalming and Anatomical Dissection 防腐和解剖剥离

The first step of the process involves halting decay by pumping formalin into the body through the arteries. Formalin kills all bacteria and chemically stops the tissue from decaying. Using dissection tools, the skin, fatty and connective tissues are removed in order to prepare the individual anatomical structures.

首先，通过向尸体动脉注射入福尔马林防止尸体腐烂。福尔马林能杀灭一切细菌，并能以化学方法组织肌体腐化。随后，使用解剖工具剥离皮肤、脂肪和结缔组织，分离出人体的主要解剖构造。

The Plastination process itself is based on two exchange processes 塑化过程本身基于两次物质的交换过程

Removal of Body Fat and Water 去除人体的脂肪和水分

In the first step, the body water and soluble fats are dissolved from the body by placing it into a solvent bath (e.g., an acetone bath).

第一步，通过将尸体放入溶剂缸槽（比如丙酮），去除身体的水份和可溶性脂肪

Forced Impregnation 强迫注入

This second exchange process is the central step in Plastination. During forced impregnation a reactive polymer, e.g., silicone rubber, replaces the acetone. To achieve this, the specimen is immersed in a polymer solution and placed in a vacuum chamber. The vacuum removes the acetone from the specimen and helps the polymer to penetrate every last cell.

第二个交换过程是“塑化”的核心步骤。在该步骤中，活性聚合物，如硅胶等将替换出丙酮。为了达到这一目的，标本将被浸泡进真空压力室里的聚合体溶液中。真空状态下，标本中的丙酮将会挥发，同时能使聚合物进入标本的每一个细胞。

Positioning 定型

After vacuum impregnation, the body is positioned as desired. Every single anatomical structure is properly aligned and fixed with the help of wires, needles, clamps, and foam blocks.经过真空聚合体溶液的浸泡，标本能按照人们希望的姿势定型。在金属丝、针、夹子和泡沫块的固定下，标本的解剖结构能完全呈现。

Curing (Hardening)固化

In the final step, the specimen is hardened. Depending on the polymer used, this is done with gas, light, or heat. Dissection and Plastination of an entire body requires about 1,500 working hours and normally takes about one year to complete.在最后阶段，将标本逐步变硬。依据使用的聚合物的不同，可以使用气体、光照或加热的手段达到固化目的。剥离合固化一具尸体，需要约1500小时，通常需要一年的时间才能完成。

Sheet Plastination 切片塑化

Sheet Plastination is a special form of Plastination. For this process, the body is deep frozen and cut into slices of 2 to 8 mm in thickness (1/12 to 1/3 inch). Instead of silicone, polyester resin or epoxy resin are used for impregnation.

切片塑化是塑化的一种特殊形式。在这一塑化过程中，尸体被极度冷冻而后被切成2-9毫米厚的薄片。聚酯树脂或环氧树脂替代了硅树脂，用于置换丙烯注入细胞