美国pre-k(四岁孩子)教学大纲(附汉语解释)
(2010-12-01 11:03:09)
标签:
幼儿园教学大纲教育 |
分类: 子女教育 |
(大意:这些是孩子在pre-k里要学的东西,不要求进校之前就掌握,进校后也是按孩子自己的速度学习,在这个阶段学的东西算是一种“奖金”(不是任务)。)
Math(数学)
* Numerals 1-10 (认识1到10)
* Counting objects to 10 (能数到10)
* One-to-one correspondence of objects (能数10个以内的实物)
* Sorting by various attributes: color, shape, size
(能按颜色、形状和大小等给事物分类)
* Patterns: AB, AABB, ABC (能识别AB, AABB, ABC等组合规律)
* Sizes: small, medium, large (能辨别物体的大中小)
* Shapes: square, rectangle, circle, triangle
(认识正方形,长方形,圆形,三角形)
* Matching: symbols, shapes, patterns, etc. (能找出一样的符号,形状,模式等)
* Same and Different (懂得“相同”和“不同”的概念)
* More, Less, Same (懂得“更多”“更少”“相同”的概念)
* Time: Day and Night (时间:知道白天和黑夜)
* Money: Explore through games, songs, and pretend play
(钱:通过游戏、歌曲等认识)
Literacy (读写能力)
* Exposure to alphabet: letter names and sounds
(接触字母表:字母名称和读音)
* Recognize, spell, write first name (辨别和拼写自己的名(不包括姓))
* Hold a pencil, marker, crayon correctly (会以正确的方式握铅笔、标签笔和蜡笔)
* Retell familiar stories(能复述熟悉的故事)
* Draw pictures and dictate sentences about stories and experiences
(根据对故事和经历的陈述画图)
* Answer questions about stories (回答有关故事的问题)
* Repeat simple nursery rhymes and fingerplays
(能重复简单的儿歌和用手指动作相伴的歌曲)
* Concepts of print: left to right direction, holding a book
right-side-up (有关印刷品的概念:从左到右排列,如何拿书(不要拿倒了))
* Build new vocabulary (学习新词汇)
* Build listening skills (学习听的技能)
* Strengthen visual discrimination (加强辨识能力,比如那些词是一样的,那些不同等)
* Sequencing (排序)
* Develop fine motor skills: play dough, scissors, writing
utensils, Legos, etc. (发展运动技能:玩面团,剪刀,书写工具,乐高玩具等)
Science(科学)
* Explore science tools: magnets, prisms, magnifying glasses,
etc. (探索科学工具:磁铁,棱镜,放大镜等)
* Experience the world through nature walks, gardening, and other
explorations (通过散布,园艺和其他活动体验世界)
* Observe insect life(观察昆虫的生活)
* Observe plant growth(观察植物生长)
* Observe weather and plant life during each season
(观察不同季节里天气与植物的生命之间的关系)
* Measure and mix ingredients in cooking
activities(在烹调活动中学习计量和混合物品)
* Identify basic colors and explore color
mixing(认识基本颜色,探索颜色的混合)
* Make observational drawings and dictation(根据观察和陈述画图)
* Explore the world with the five senses (通过听、看、触、嗅、尝探索世界)
* Investigate animals, the homes they live in, the food they
eat(研究动物,它们住哪儿,吃什么等)
Creative Arts (音乐美术)
* Explore a variety of art processes: painting, drawing,
sculpture, weaving, collage, etc.
(探索不同美术活动:用颜料作画,铅笔绘图,雕塑,编织,拼贴等)
* Use a variety of art materials: crayons, tempera paint,
watercolor paint, colored pencils, markers, oil pastels, art chalk,
clay (能使用不同材料作画:蜡笔,速干颜料,水彩,彩色铅笔,油画棒,美术粉笔,粘土等)
* Experiment with mixing paint colors(尝试混合不同颜色的颜料)
* Sing traditional songs and songs that enhance the
curriculum(学唱经典儿童歌曲以及提高本大纲要求的歌曲)
* Participate in movement songs and dances(参与运动歌曲和跳舞活动)
* Use scarves, rhythm sticks, and bean bags to practice
rhythms(使用韵律棒和豆包等物练习节奏感)
* Use a variety of children’s instruments(使用各种儿童乐器)
* Participate in dramatic play(参加话剧表演)
* Dramatize familiar stories(将熟悉的故事改成话剧上演)
* Act out the movements and sounds of animals(模仿动物的动作和声音)
Social Skills(社交技能)
* Practice problem-solving skills in social
situations(练习社交场合解决问题的技能)
* Work in groups or with a partner on a variety of
projects(与一个或几个人合作完成各种项目)
* Share classroom materials with the group(与小组成员合用课堂用品)
* Practice using manners: please, thank you, excuse me, table
manners(练习礼貌待人:请,谢谢,对不起,以及餐桌礼仪)
* Communicate his/her needs(会表达自己的需求)
* Take care of his/her own basic needs: clean up, roll up nap pad,
fasten clothing, use tissue as needed, etc.
(能满足自己最简单的需求:清理,卷好午睡垫,穿衣,需要时用纸巾等)
* State personal information: first and last name, age, school
name, city, state, country(能说出个人信息:名和姓,年龄,学校名称,(居住)城市,州,国家)
* Explore types of work and workers(了解不同行业及工作者)
* Explore modes of transportation(了解不同交通方式)
* Participate in projects to help others in need: Neighbors in
Need, Birthright, Operation: Rice Bowl, missions, etc.
(参加帮助他人的活动:“救助饥饿邻居”,“帮助贫穷母亲”,“为饥民祈祷”等活动)
Technology(技术)
* Use computer programs to create picture
stories(用电脑软件做图片故事)
* Use a computer mouse: click, click and
drag(会用电脑鼠标:单击,单击并拖动)
* Use the Internet to explore kid-friendly
websites(使用互联网发现适合儿童访问的网站)
Religion
* Listen to Old and New Testament Bible stories
* Recognize that plants, animals, and human beings are God’s
creations
* Recognize that God created families to love and take care of one
another
* Learn about God’s love
* Listen to stories of the life of Jesus
* Learn Jesus’ teachings to love God and love others