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新目标英语八年级上册第六单元Section A 解析及拓展

(2011-03-21 00:00:05)
标签:

新目标英语

八年级上册

第六单元

section

a

解析及拓展

教育

分类: 八年级上册5-8单元教材解析

Section A 解析及拓展

 

  Language Coals: Talk about personal traits.Compare people.

  语言目标:谈论人的特点。把人们相比较。

  —Is that Sam?那是萨姆吗?

  —No, that’s Tom. He has shorter hair than Sam.And he's calmer than Sam..

    不,那是汤姆。他的头发比萨姆的短,而且他比萨姆更镇静。

  ①than conj.比(用于形容词、副词的比较级之后,后接比较的第二部分)。例如:

    I'm taller than li Ping.我比李平更高。

    Tom is older than Paul.汤姆比保罗大。

    Sam is thinner than Tom.萨姆比汤姆更瘦。

    This book is more interesting than that one.

    这本书比那本更有趣。

    Easier said than done.

    [谚]说来容易做来难。

    I'm more outgoing than my sister.

    我比我妹妹(姐)更外向。

  ②calm-dj.镇静的,沉着的;无忧虑的;平静的  例如:

    The girl is calm.这个女孩很安静。

    Keep calm!(Be calm!)安静!

    It is calm weather.这是无风的天气。

    This is a calm sea.这是一个风平浪静的海洋。

  【注】calm的同义词是quiet,反义词是wild。

1a Match words of the opposite meaning.连接相反意思的单词。

  相关答案链接:

  tall(高的)—short(矮的)

  calm(安静的)—wild(鲁莽的)

  long hair(长发)—short hair(短发)

  thin(瘦的)—heavy(胖的)

  ①wild adj.鲁莽的;轻率的;野(生)的  例如:

    a wild boy一个鲁莽的男孩

    a wild plan一个轻率的计划

    a wild plant野生植物

    wild animals野兽

    wild pig野猪

1b Listen and number the pairs of twins[1—3)in the picture.

    听录音并将图上的几对双胞胎按1—3标上序号。

1c PAIRWORK结对练习

    Practice the conversation in frae picture above.Then make conversations about the other twins.

    练习上面图画中的会话,然后针对其他双胞胎编写会话。

相关练习如下:

(1)A: Is that Tara?

   B: No, it isn't.It's Tina.Tara is shutter than Tina.

(2)A: Is that Paul?

   B: No, that’s Pedro.Pedro is taller than Paul.

(3)A: Is that Pedro?

   B: No, it's Paul.Paul is shorter than Pedro.

(4)A: Is that Tina?

   B: No, it’s Tara.Tina is taller than Tara.

2a Listen.Are the words in the box used with “-er/-ier”or“more”?

  Complete the chart.听录音,下列单词加“-er/-ier”还是加“more”使用?完成下表。

相关答案如下:

funny→funnier,quiet→quieter

serious→more serious

intellectual→more intellectual

outgoing→more outgoing

athletic→more athletic

2b Listen again.How an Tina and Tara different? Fill in the charts.

    再听录音。蒂娜和塔拉有何不同之处?填写下表。

2c PAIRWORK结对练习

    Student A, look at the chart below.Student Bloc at the chart on page97.Ask and answer questions about Sam and Tom.

    A生,看着下表。B生,看第97页的表格。针对萨姆和汤姆互相问答问题。

  Example例如:

  ***means Sam is taller than Tom.

  这三个“米字”符号表示萨姆比汤姆高。

相关练习如下:

A: Is Tom more intellectual than Sam?

B: Yes, he is.

A: Is Tom taller than Sam?

B: No, he isn't.

A: It Sam more athletic than Tom?

B: Yes, he is.

A: Is Sam quieter than Tom?

B: No, he isn't.

A: Is Sam thinner than Tom?

B: Yes, he is.

A: Is Sam funnier than Tom?

B: Yes, he is.

  Grammar Focus语法聚焦

  形容词比较级的用法

  两者之间进行比较,常用句型:A is+比较级+than B.有时比较级前面用上a little,much,even,a bit等词表示比较的程度。那么形容词的原级、比较级的用法及变化规律是怎样的?请看他们的自述:

  ▲原级:Hi大家好!我是形容词的原级(The Positive Degree),即原形。

    一般来说,我总是保持低调,不与其他的人或事物进行比较。我常站在too,very,so,quite,rather,nice and等之后,被它们修饰。如:

    I'm too happy.我太高兴了。

    We are very busy.我们很忙。

    大家请注意:我们形容词家族一般用在连系动词(be,sound,look等)之后(作表语),或作名词的定语。如:

That’s great.好极了。

That’s sounds boring.那听起来令人厌烦。

His mother looks very young.他妈妈看起来很年轻。

This is an interesting book.这是一本有趣的书。

I like black clothes.我喜欢黑色衣服。

各位,今后咱们就成为朋友了,OK?

▲比较级:Hi!大冢好!我是比较级(The Comparative Degree),我比原级大了一级,相当于部队里的团长。什么?你问我是怎么构成的啊,哎呀,这个我也说不太清楚。不过,我列了一个表格,保证大家一目了然。

1.单音节和部分双音节的形容词:

情况

加法

举例

一般情况

直接加-er

small-smaller, quiet-quieter

e结尾的词

-r

large-Largercute-cuter

以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词

yi,再加-er

busy-busier

heavy-heavier

以重读闭音节结尾且末

尾只有一个辅音字母的词

将尾字母双写,再加-er

big-bigger

thin-thinner

 

2.多音节形容词通常在前面加more变比较级。例如:

  out going→more outgoing

  interesting→more interesting

3.部分特殊的形容词如下:

  good(well)(好的)—better

  many(much)(很多)—more

  bad(ill)(坏的)—worse

  little(小的)—less

  far(远的)—farther

  两者或两方(人或物)进行比较时,我就出场了。我常与than连用,

  我前面常常用much,abit,alittle,even等修饰语来修饰。例如:

  I am taller than you.

  我比你的个子高。

  He is much taller than I.

  他比我的个子高多了。

  This room is a little bigger than that one.

  这个房间比那个大一点儿。

各位请注意:

1.在“Which/Who…,A or B?”这一句型中也会用到我。如:

Which is better, this one or that one?

哪个好一些,这个还是那个?

2.只要我出现,比较的对象必须要一致,即比较的双方必须是同一类事物。如:

我的花比你的好看。

【误】My flower is nicer than you.

【正】My flower is nicer than yours.

3.我与of the two连用时,我前要加the。如:

I’m the taller of the two.两个人中我的个子较高。

各位,今后要想作比较,我随叫随到。怎么样,够朋友吧!

  Just for fun!  开心一刻!

  I think I see the twins.Is thatJuva?

  我想我看见那对双胞胎了。那是朱瓦吗?

  No,that's Jala.Jala has curlier hair than Juva.And Juva is taller than Jala.

  不,那是贾拉。贾拉的头发比朱瓦的更卷曲。而且朱瓦比贾拉更高。

  Pedro is funnier than Paul.

  佩德鲁比保罗更有趣。

  Tina is taller than Tara.

  蒂娜比塔拉更高。

  Tom is more athletic than Sam.

  汤姆比萨姆更健壮。

  Look!看

  funny(变y为i)→funnier  tall(加-er)→taller

  athletic(用more)→more athletic

Read the letter.How are Lin Li and her sister the same and different?

  Underline the things that are the same. Circle the things that are different.

  读这封信。刘丽和她姐姐有什么相同和不同之处?在相同之处下画横线,将不同之处圈出来。

   Dear Isabelle,

  Thank you for your last letter.Here are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying.As you can see,in some ways we look the same, and in some ways we look different.We both have black eyes and black hair, although my hair is shorter than.hers. We both like sports, although Liu Ying is more athletic than me.She is more outgoing, and I'm quieter. However,we both enjoy going to parties.

    Please visit us soon!

Love,Liu Li

  亲爱的伊沙贝拉:

    谢谢你的上次来信。这是我和我双胞胎姐姐刘英的照片。你可以看见,有些方面我们看上去一样,有些方面我们看上去不同。我们俩个都长着黑眼睛和黑头发,虽然我的头发比她的短。我们都喜欢体育,虽然刘英比我更强壮。她更外向,我较文静。然而,我们都喜欢参加聚会。

    请尽快来看望我们!

刘丽谨启

①way

n.路,路程,路途

Do you know the way to the station?

你知道去车站的路吗?

There is a long way from here.

离这儿有很长的一段路。

He is on the way home.

他在回家途中。

This way, please.请这边走。

▲n.方法,方式,手段

  This is the best way to learn English.

  这是学英语的最好办法。

  Please answer in a polite way.

  请有礼貌地回答。

▲方面;(某)点

  In some ways you are right.

  你某些方面是对的。

  It has both ways.

  它有两方面。

  He works well in a way.

  在某种程度上他工作很好。

②look the same看上去一样

  短语归纳

  look at看……

  look like看起来像

  look after照顾,照看

  look back回顾

  look down向下看

  look up向上看

  look up寻找

  look out当心(小心)

③although虽然,尽管;即使;纵然,和though意思和用法都相同。

  He is shorter than I, although he is older.

  虽然他年龄大但是他比我矮。

  They still come although it is raining.

  虽然天下雨,但是他们仍然来了。

  Although he is ill,he works hard.

  尽管他病了,但他仍努力工作。

【注】英语中,although(though)就表示了“虽然……但是”之意,所以不能与but连用,就是because与so不能同时使用一样。换句话说就是,用了but不能though,用了because就不能用so。

④hers名词性物主代词,在此相当于her hair。

  名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词在形式上及意义上的区别如下:

形容词性物主代词

my

your

his

her

our

their

its

名词性物主代词

mine

yours

his

hers

ours

theirs

its

形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词,即后面必须跟名词。如:my book,your mother,her sister,their classroom,its name等;而名词性物主代词就相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,起名词的作用,可以在句中独立作主语和宾语等。如:

  This is my book.It's mine.

  This book is yours.It isn't mine.

  This isn't her backpack.Hers is green.

⑤both pron.二者,二者都

  My parents are both teachers.我的父母都是老师。

  We are both in Class Five.我们俩个都在5班。

  We both have long hair.我们俩个都留着长发。

  They both come from Shanghai.他们俩个都是上海人。

  Both of us are outgoing.我们俩个都性格外向。

【注】both只限于两者,如果指三者或三者以上则用all。其中句中的位置是be动词之后,实义动词之前。

⑥however adv.可是,然而

  I'd like to go with you however,I'm busy.

  我想和你一起去,可是我很忙。

  This book is good; however,I have no money with me.

  这本书很好,可是我没带钱。

  They are tired;however,they are still working.

  他们很疲劳,可是他们仍然在工作着。

⑦enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事

  I enjoy reading books.

  我喜爱读书。

  Do you enjoy playing sports?

  你喜欢运动吗?

  He enjoys living here.

  他喜欢住在这儿。

  We enjoy having English lessons.

  我们喜欢上英语课。

  ▲另外,enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time过得愉快,玩得开心

    Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?你昨天过得愉快吗?

    We enjoyed ourselves over the weekend.

    周末期间我们玩得很开心。

3b PAIRWORK结对练习

    Tell your partner about things that are the same and different between you and a member of your family or a friend.告诉你的同伴有关你和你的一位家庭成员或朋友之间的相同点和不同之处。

    A: Lin Ying is my friend.She's a little more outgoing than me.

    林英是我的朋友。她比我有点外向。

    B: My friend is the same as me.We are both quiet.

    我的朋友和我一样。我们都很安然。

    A: Do you look the same?你们看上去一样吗?

    B: No.I am a little taller than her.

    不。我比她高一点儿。

【注】than作介词时,人称代词使用其宾格形式;作为连词使用时,后面可跟一个省略的从名。例如:

She’s more outgoing than me.

Or: She’s more outgoing than I am.

I’m a little taller than her.

Or: I’m a little than she is.

④The Same and Different相同点和不同点

    Write your name on a piece of paper and put it in a bag.Take a paper from the bag to find a partner.You have three minutes to make a list of things that are the same and different between you and your partner.The pair with the most items wins.

    把你的名字写在一张纸上放在包里。然后从包里拿出一张纸找出一个伙伴。你用3分钟的时间写出你和你的伙伴之间的相同点和不同点。所写项目最多的那对获胜。

 

 

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