Section B 内容详解

 

①He likes clothes that are unusual.

  他喜欢独特的衣服。

  a．unusual表示“独特的”“与众不同的”。如：

    I like that drawing. It's very unusual.

    我喜欢那幅画，它独具一格。

    He's really unusual. He's quite different from others.

    他确实与众不同，他和别人不一样。

  b．unusual表示“不寻常的”“异常的”。如：

    He's always doing unusual things.

    他总是做些不寻常的事。

    Heavy rain is quite unusual in this part of the country.

    这个国家的这个地区难得下大雨。

    It's unusual to see him get up so early in the morning.

    难得看到他这么早起来。

②I love "Sinking Ship".我喜欢“沉船”。

句中Sinking是动词-ing形式作定语，修饰Ship，表示“正在下沉的船”，Sinking Ship=ship which is sinking。动词-ing形式作前置定语时通常为一个单词，分为两种情况。

  a．表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近于一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作（如课文原句）。也可以表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。如：the flying plane(=the plane which is flying)

    正在飞行的飞机

    the sleeping boy (=the boy who is sleeping)

    正在睡觉的男孩

    the falling snow (=the snow which is falling)

    飘雪

    the running train (=the train which is running)

    正在奔驰的火车

    the smiling old woman (=the woman who is smiling)

    正在微笑的老太太

    developing countries (=countries that are developing)

    发展中国家

  b．说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。如：

    a reading room (=a room which is used for reading)

    阅览室

    running shoes (=shoes for running)

    跑鞋

    a working method (=a method of working)

    工作方法

    a swimming pool (=a pool for swimming)

    游泳池

    a waiting room (=a room for waiting)

    候车室

    a walking stick (=a stick for walking)

    手杖

    a driving permit (=a permit for driving)

    驾驶许可证

  【注】作定语的动词-ing形式如果是一个短语，则应该放在被修饰词后面。如：

    There were some children swimming in the river.

    有些孩子在河里游泳。

    I didn't talk much to the mini sitting next to me.

    我没和坐在我旁边的人多讲话。

    Do you know those people waiting outside？

    你认识那些在外面等候的人吗？

Yellow River Fishermen

    This is Hung Tao's latest^③ movie. I like Hung Tao. He's made some great movies over^④ the years. Unfortunately, this is his worst movie. If you're looking for^⑤ entertainment, stay at home and watch TV. Yellow River Fisherman is too long, and it's really boring. It does^⑥ have a few good features, though^⑦ I thought the fisherman's wife was really funny.

黄河渔夫

    《黄河渔夫》是洪涛的最新电影。我喜欢洪涛，他这些年来拍出了一些很优秀的电影作品。不幸的是，这部电影是他最糟糕的作品。如果你看电影是为了寻求快乐，我劝你呆在家里看电视会更好些。《黄河渔夫》这部电影长而乏味，不过其中也确有几处亮点。我认为影片中渔夫的妻子实在很有趣。

Amy Kim, Photography

    Be sure to^⑧ see this exhibition at the Lido Gallery. Amy Kim is one of the best known^⑨ Chinese photographers in the world today, and some of her best loved^⑩ photos are on¹¹ display in this exhibition. She really has something for everyone. There are many great photos of people and of the countryside. The few city photographs are less successful. I see the same things every day and they don't interest¹² me as much¹³. But this is a great show from a world class photographer. Whatever¹⁴ you do, don't miss this exhibition.

埃米·金姆   摄影展

    务必要看在丽都艺术馆举办的这次摄影展。阿迈·吉姆是当代世界上最有名望的中国摄影家之一，这次展出的有她的部分最受欢迎的摄影作品。她确有某些众人所喜爱的东西。展出的有许多人物和农村题材的杰出作品。展出中仅有的少数关于城市题材的作品不太成功，我每天都能看到和这些城市题材的作品一样的东西，它们已不能如人物和农村题材的作品那样使我感兴趣了。不过这是一次世界级摄影家的重大展示。无论你是做什么的，都不要错过这次展览。

Wild and Windy

    Over the years, we've seen musical groups with pretty strange names come and go. Few have stranger names than this band. As¹⁵ the name suggests¹⁶, the band has lots of energy. And they play the kind of music that I love to hear. Every song is really loud and often you can't understand the words, but this is okay because the lyrics aren't very good. However, these are musicians who make us happy—even on a Monday morning!

粗犷和强劲

    这几年来，我们看到一些起有非常怪异名称的乐队来来往往，却很少有比这个乐队更怪异的名称。就如其名字所显示的那样，这个乐队充满着激情。他们演奏的是我所钟爱的那种音乐。每一支曲子都是震耳欲聋，常常无法听清歌词，但是这无所谓，因为歌词不那么好。不管怎么说，他们是让我快乐的音乐人——即使在星期一的早上！

③a．latest是late的最高级，常用来表示“最近的”“最新的”。latest很难和汉语中“最近的”概念联系起来，注意不要出错。如：

    Clothes of the latest fashion are on sale there.

    那里有售最新时装。（不可用the newest）

    When can I read your latest novel？

    我什么时候可以读到你的最新小说？（不可用the newest）

    Which one is the latest design？

    哪一个是最新款？（不用the newest）

    Have you seen Zhang Yimou's latest film？

    你看过张艺谋最近的一部电影吗？

    Now，the latest news today.接下来是今天的最新新闻。

  b．late可以用作形容词和副词，意思是“迟”“晚”“快结束时”。如：

    Tony was five minutes late for work that morning, but that saved him; a plane hit the Twin Tower at 9:05, where he worked.

    托尼那天上午上班迟到了五分钟。然而就是那五分钟挽救了他的生命：一架飞机于当天上午九点零五分撞上了他工作的那座双子大楼。

    The boy returned in the late afternoon, tired and hungry.

    那个男生傍晚时分又累又饿地回来了。

    Many school students usually stay up late until midnight.

    许多中学生通常都是深夜才睡觉。

  【注】late作形容词用时还有“已故的”“前任的”意思。如：the late Premier，已故总理；the late Mr White，已故的怀特先生；our late President，我们的前任董事长。

  c．later可以作形容词late的比较级，也可以作副词。意思是“较迟”“后来”，较多地用于过去时态的句子中。如：

    Shall we take a later train in the afternoon？ I have to finish my paper this morning.

    我们乘下午晚些的火车好吗？我必须在上午把论文写完。

    Inter, she got to know what had happened there.

    后来，她知道了那儿发生的事。

    I don't know why he came later than usual.

    我不知道他为什么比平时来得晚。

  【注】later常用于later on（后来；以后）和sooner or later（早晚，总有一天）短语中。其中later on可以用于一般过去时，也可以用于一般将来时。sooner or later 通常用于一般将来时，可以和in time互换。如：

    You'll find English is useful later on.

    你以后会发现英语很有用。

    Sooner or later, you'll answer for what you've done today.

    迟早有一天你会为今天的所做所为付出代价的。

  d．lately只能作为副词使用，意思是“最近”，相当于recently。它既可以用在过去时态中表示刚刚过去时间的某一点发生的动作，也可用于现在完成时态中表示和现在有联系的一段时间内发生的动作。

    It was only lately that I got to know that he had completely recovered.

    直到最近我才知道他已经康复的消息。

    I got a copy of the book lately.

    最近，我拿到一本这样的书。

    Have you been to Shanghai lately？

    近来你去过上海吗？

    The students have had so many exams lately.

    学生们最近一段时间参加考试的次数太多了。

④a．over在这里表示“在……期间”，相当于during the course of，表示动作或状态持续发生或存在于这段时间的始终。如：

    Over the years, he became more and more patient.

    经过这些岁月，他变得越来越有耐心了。

    He read widely over the years.

    多年来，他广泛地阅读。

    China has been developing rapidly over these years.

    这些年来，中国一直在持续高速发展。

    My friend Jim studied very hard over the three years in high school.

    在中学的三年里，我的朋友吉姆学习非常用功。

  b．over还可作“在（做）……的时候”“从事……之际”“关于”解释。如：

    He fell asleep over a book.

    他看书的时候睡着了。

    We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea.

    我们一边喝茶，一边愉快地聊天。

    Being too tired, my brother went to sleep over his work.

    由于太疲劳了，我兄弟在工作时睡着了。

    We all had a good laugh over the affair.

    我们都为那件事而发笑。

⑤此处look for作“寻找”解，look for还可作“期盼”“期待”解。如：

  The results were better than had been looked for.

  结果比预料的要好。

  I think we may look for a better result next time.

  我想下次结果可能会好一些。

  We did not look for such a success.

  我们没有想到会这么成功。

  The chance which he had looked for was now freely offered to him.

  他期待的机会现在轻易地得到了。

  People often look for the weather they want.

  人们经常盼望他们想要的天气。

  Bob did not go for a swim with his friends because he was looking for a phone call from his sister.

  鲍勃没有和朋友们去游泳，因为他在等姐姐来电话。

  Tell them they may look for me any day.

  告诉他们我就在这几天到达。

  I'm looking for a pared from my brother.

  我在等我兄弟寄来的包裹。

⑥这里does为助动词，用于加强谓语动词have的语气，表示“确实”。英语也和汉语一样，存在着需要对谓语动词进行强调的情况。英语中可以用来强调谓语动词的方法，除了与汉语相通的使用“务必”“必须”“确实”“真”之类词语，即：使用make sure，must，really之外，还有一种在谓语动词之前加助动词do，does，did的方法。如：

  Do pay attention to your manners!

  一定要注意你的仪容仪表。

  Do please turn off the light when you leave the house.

  在离开家时，务请关闭电灯!

  I did call you this morning.

  我今天上午确实给你打过电话。

  She does arrive before working hours every day.

  她的确每天上班前就来到了。

  Do put your cap on before you go out.

  在外出之前，你必须戴好帽子!

  They did appreciate your way of doing things.

  他们实在是欣赏你的做事方式。

  You do look very beautiful today.

  你今天看起来的确很漂亮!

  Do pass my sincere regards to your parents.

  务请向你父母转达我对他们的真诚问候!

⑦a．此处though为副词。though作副词时意为“可是”“但是”“不过”，一般放在句尾。如：

    He said he would come; he didn't, though.

    他说要来的，可是他并没有来。

    I've got a cold. It's nothing serious, though.

    我感冒了，可是并不严重。

    Teaching is hard work; I enjoy it, though.

    教书很辛苦，但我喜欢这工作。

    He is not a hardworking student. There's no reason, though, to punish him in such a way.

    他不是个勤奋的学生，不过也没有理由这样来惩罚他。

  【注】though作副词用时，常可位于句尾或句中，但一般不用于句首。

  b．although和though作为连词可引导让步状语从句。如：

    Although the weather was not so good, we still went to work in the field ms usual.

    虽然天气不太好，但我们还是照常下地干活了。

    Although they are very old, they are in high spirits in public affairs.

    虽然他们都很老了，但是做起公共事务来却是精神饱满。

    Although it is raining, no one leaves the sports ground.

    虽然天在下雨，但是没有一个人离开球场。

    They missed the train, though they tried their best to catch it.

    他们尽管尽了最大努力，但还是误了火车。

    We have finished the work in time, though it's quite difficult to us.

    虽然相当困难，我们还是按时完成了任务。

    I helped him, though he never asked me.

    尽管他从未要求过，我还是帮助了他。

⑧a．Be sure＋不定式很多时候用于祈使句，作“务必”“一定要”“不要忘记”解，表示说话人的强烈建议、要求或命令。如：

    Be sure to tell me all the news.

    务必告诉我所有的消息。

    Be sure to write to me as soon as you get there.

    一到那儿务必给我写信。

    Be sure to come to our party if you have time.

    如果有时间的话请一定来。

    Be sure to finish it as soon as possible.

    务请尽快完成。

  b．Make sure＋that从句或Make sure＋of短语也可用于祈使句，意思是“查一下是否……”，同样表示说话人的要求。如：

    Make sure (that) you've got the air tickets.

    查一下你们是否都有了飞机票。

    Make sure (that) he has handed in his workbook.

    查一下他是否交了作业本。

    Make sure of it before you start out.

    出发前要弄确实这件事。

    I asked him about it just to make sure.

    我问他那件事只是为了弄确实。

⑨a．过去分词known用作形容词，意为“有名的”“众所周知的”“已知的”；常用于名词之前。如：

    Er Yue-he is a known writer on Qing Dynasty.

    二月河是一位写清朝题材的著名小说家。

    Li Na, a well known woman singer becomes a religion follower.

    李娜，一位非常著名的女歌手，成为了一个宗教信徒。

    It's a known fact that he told a lie.

    众所周知，他撒谎了。

    If you want to get the unknown number, you should know the known number first.

    如果要想求出未知数，你首先得知道已知数。

  b．be known as意为“以……而知名”“被认为是”“被称作”；be known for意为“因……而闻名／出名”；be known to意为“为……所知”。如：

    She's known as a great singer.

    她被认为是个出色的歌手。

    He was better known as a poet.

    作为诗人，他名望更大。

    Samuel Clemens, known as Mark Twain, became a famous American writer.

    塞缪尔·克莱门斯，以笔名马克·吐温成为美国的著名作家。

    Mr Tyler is known for his readiness to help others.

    泰勒先生因乐于助人而闻名。

    Guilin is known for its beautiful sceneries.

    桂林因风景优美而出名。

    The fact is known to everybody.

    这个事实是尽人皆知的。

    It is known to all that man can't live without air or water.

    众所周知，人离开空气或水就不能生存。

⑩这里loved和上面known一样，都是过去分词作定语。过去分词单独作定语时，置于被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语时，置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句的功能，过去分词表示被动、完成的含义。如：

  Do you have any written homework today？

  你今天有书面作业吗？

  The lost time never comes back.

  失去的时间不再来。

  There is no such a man called Li Hong here.

  =There is no such a man who is called Li Hong here.

  这里没有一个名叫李鸿的男子。

  The language spoken by the largest number of speakers is Chinese.

  The language which／that is spoken by the largest number of speakers is Chinese.

  使用最多的语言是汉语。

  Imagine that you are one of the students chosen to solve the problem.

  设想一下你是其中一个被选出来解决这个问题的学生。

11a．on display和on show同义，介词on表示“处于某种活动之中”，on这样用时，后面多跟动作性名词，如展览、销售、表演、运输等名词。如：

    The clothes are on sale right now.

    这种衣服现在正在销售中。

    Many imported goods are on show in the exhibition center.

    许多进口物资都在展览中心展出。

    That ear has been on display here since last Friday.

    那辆轿车自上周五以来一直在这儿展示。

    The film of "Ring King Returns" is on show in Zhengzhou at present.

    《指环王》这部电影目前正在郑州上映。

    The machine is on transportation.

    那台机器正在运输途中。

    There is something wrong with the boat, and now it's on floating.

    那艘船出了故障，现在处于漂流状态。

  b．display可用作动词，意为“展示”“陈列”“表现出”“显示出”。如：

    The permit should be clearly displayed in the front window.

    通行证应该清楚地放在前面。

    Why don't you display your ad on the notice board where everyone can see it？

    你为什么不把广告陈列在布告牌上，让每个人都能看见？

    All the musicians displayed considerable skill.

    所有的音乐家都表现出了相当高的技艺。

12a．这里interest是及物动词，解释为“使人感兴趣”。通常句子的主语是人们感兴趣的某个事物。如：

    The novel interests everyone in the classroom.

    那本小说使教室里的每一个人都感兴趣。

    The film interested us deeply at that moment. But now it's not what it used to be.

    虽然当时我们对那部电影非常感兴趣，可是现在却不再像过去那样了。

    We went to an exhibition yesterday afternoon, and the exhibits interest us very much.

    我们昨天下午去参观了一个展览。那些展品使我们很感兴趣。

  【注】有时，主语虽然形式上是“人”，但实际上感兴趣的对象还是“人”本身以外的什么东西，如他的行为、某件东西等。这样使用时，句子中往往会有介词短语说明使人感兴趣的是什么。如：

    My father interested me with a toy.

    我爸爸拿的玩具使我很感兴趣。

    Miss Liu tried to interest all the class in math.

    刘老师尽量使学生对数学感兴趣。

  b．interest作名词使用时解释为“兴趣”“感兴趣的事物”，用作复数时，指不同的爱好。如：

    Does she have any interest in music？

    她对音乐感兴趣吗？

    To be frank, I don't have much interest in sports.

    坦白地讲，我对体育活动不太感兴趣。

    Playing basketball is my only interest.

    打篮球是我唯一的兴趣。

    Some students take no interest in it.

    有些学生对它不感兴趣。

    He has two great interests in life, writing and painting.

    他一生有两大爱好，写作和画画。

13此处as much是省略形式的比较级，后面省略了as the photos of people and of the countryside do,以避免重复。如：

  He runs fast, and I can run as fast.

  他跑得很快，我能和他跑得一样快。

  She's got lots of money, but I don't have as much.

  她有许多钱，但我却没有她那么多钱。

  You want ten more hands, but we don't have as many now.

  你还要十个人手，可是我们现在没有这么多人手。

14这里whatever you do是让步状语从句，意思是“无论你是干什么的”。whatever在解释为“无论何事”“无论怎样……都……”时，等于no matter what。也就是说，在引导让步状语从句时，二者可以互换而意义不变。

  类似用法的词通常还包括whoever=no matter who，whenever=no matter when，wherever=no matter where。如：

  No matter what you say, I can not agree with you.

  = Whatever you say, l can not agree with you.

  无论你说什么，我都不会同意你的。

  Whatever happens, don't be afraid.

  = No matter what happens, don't be afraid.

  无论发生什么事情，你都不要害怕。

  No matter what difficulties you have, you should not give up.

  = Whatever difficulties you have, you should not give up.

  无论你有多少困难，都不应该放弃。

  No matter where you go, don't forget your hometown.

  = Wherever you go, don't forget your hometown.

  无论你去哪里，都不要忘记你的家乡。

  No matter where you are, we'll miss you forever.

  = Wherever you are, we'll miss you forever.

  无论将来你走到哪里，我们都会永远想念你的。

  No matter who you may be, you can't pass without your ID card.

  = Whoever you may be, you can't pass without ID card.

  无论你是谁。没有身份证都不能过去。

  No matter when my country needs, I'll return without hesitation.

  无论何时我的国家需要我，我都会毫不犹豫地回国的。

15这里as用作关系代词，引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，表示“正如……”“就像……”。强调主从句所涉及情况的一致。as从句可位于主句前，也可位于主句后。如：

  As you know, he is a very famous musician.

  如你们所知，他是一位很著名的音乐家。

  I can do it, as you expected.

  我能够像你所期望的那样去做。

  As the name shows, he is really a clever boy.

  就像他的名字一样，他是个很聪明的孩子。

  As what is mentioned above, it's a beautiful city.

  如上所述，那是一座美丽的城市。

16a．这里suggest作“表明”“暗示”解。suggest这样用时，其主语通常不是表示人的词语。如：

    His silence suggested that he didn't agree with us.

    他的沉默表明了他不同意我们的意见。

    Her look suggested that she was angry.

    她的表情说明她生气了。

    As his name suggests, he's not an active man.

    正如从他的名字可看出的一样，他不是个活泼的人。

    Her pale face suggested that she was in bad health.

    她面色苍白，表明身体不好。

    Are you suggesting that I'm too old for the job？

    你的意思是说我太老了，干不了这工作？

    Her attitude suggests that she isn't really interested in it.

    她的态度使人觉得她对此确无兴趣。

  b．suggest更多地可作“建议”或“提出”意见、理论或假设等，后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或that从句。接that从句时，从句中谓语动词须用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。如：

    What would you suggest？你建议怎么办？

    Did he suggest anything to Alice？

    他向艾丽斯提过什么建议吗？

    He suggested a way out of the difficulty.

    他提出了一个克服困难的办法。

    Who suggested doing it this way？

    谁提出这样做的？

    My uncle suggested my getting a job in a bank.

    我叔叔建议我在银行找个工作。

    She suggested that we (should) come another day.

    她建议我们改一天来。

    We suggested that he (should) lake the doctor's advice and stop smoking.

    我们建议他接受医生的忠告，不再吸烟。

  【注】suggest后通常不直接跟sb.作宾语，当表示向某人提出建议或方法时，常须借助介词to，如我们说I suggested a way out to her，而不说I suggested her a way out。

  【注】suggest后通常不接动词不定式，不可说I suggested to visit the museum，而要说I suggested visiting the museum，或I suggested that we(should)visit the museum。