加载中…爱米莉·伊丽莎白·狄金森（诗选）
(2014-06-27 04:47:44)
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文化诗歌翻译 |
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“希望”是只会飞的小鸟，
心灵是它栖息的窝巢，
无休无止永远欢唱，
全无歌词，只有曲调。
寒冷中它为人们送来温暖，
风雨里它的歌声更加美妙；
这只小鸟将青春永在，
除非人心涌起痛苦的浪潮。
这歌声响遏极地的风暴，
这歌声盖过大海的狂涛－－
可是即使它身处绝境，
也不会向我索取一丝一毫。
（和谐的音韵,灵动的译法 ："Hope" is the thing with feathers—这个诗行如果直译便成了“希望是个长羽毛的东西”，那就毫无诗意可言了。我们按照原作的含义把它灵活地译成“希望是只会飞的小鸟 ”，既流畅又押韵。）
Hope Is the Thing With Feathers
"Hope" is the thing with feathers—
That perches in the soul—
And sings the tune without the words—
And never stops—at all—
And sweetest — in the Gale— is heard—
And sore must be the storm—
That could abash the little bird—
That kept so many warm—
I've heard it in the chilliest land—
And on the strangest Sea—
Yet, never, in Extremity,
It asked a crumb — of me.
我已多年未曾回家
我已多年未曾回家,
可到了门口却又犯难,
我不敢伸手开门,
只怕看到陌生的脸面。
一定会问有何事情,
一定还会满脸茫然,
我的事情只是追寻往事,
可往事是否还留在昔日的家园?
烦乱的思绪我努力梳理,
一扇扇窗户仔细查看,
沉寂中似乎有大海翻滚,
我听到波涛对我呐喊。
我不禁木然发笑,
这扇门竟让我心惊胆战,
虽曾经历劫难生死,
却从未如此受到震撼。
我试着去摸那栓锁，
小心翼翼，两手发颤，
唯恐可怕的大门猛地弹回，
把我死死挡在一边。
我警觉地缩回手指，
那似乎是扎手的玻璃碎片，
我紧紧捂住自己的耳朵，
气喘吁吁，贼似地仓惶逃串。
I Years Had Been From Home
I years had been from home,
And now, before the door,
I dared not open, lest a face
I never saw before
Stare vacant into mine
And ask my business there.
My business,--just a life I left,
Was such still dwelling there?
I fumbled at my nerve,
I scanned the windows near;
The silence like an ocean rolled,
And broke against my ear.
I laughed a wooden laugh
That I could fear a door,
Who danger and the dead had faced,
But never quaked before.
I fitted to the latch
My hand, with trembling care,
Lest back the awful door should spring,
And leave me standing there.
I moved my fingers off
As cautiously as glass,
And held my ears, and like a thief
Fled gasping from the house.
天空守不住自己的秘密，
把它泄漏给下面的群山！
群山传播到身边的果树，
果树又转告园中的水仙。
碰巧一只小鸟悄悄飞过，
这个秘密全都被它听见。
只要设法将这小鸟买通，
此事它肯定不会对我隐瞒。
不过我的心里自有主见，
这种秘密最好不去打探；
如果春夏秋冬是自然的法则，
有什么巫术能将它倒转？
守住你的秘密吧，上天！
新奇的世界，碧空的伙伴，
何必去了解他们的所作所为，
即使能够，我也不愿！
THE SKIES'SECRET
THE SKIES can’t keep their secret!
They tell it to the hills—
The hills just tell the orchards—
And they the daffodils!
A bird, by chance, that goes that way
Soft overheard the whole.
If I should bribe the little bird,
Who knows but she would tell?
I think I won’t, however,
It’s finer not to know;
If summer were an axiom,
What sorcery had snow?
So keep your secret, Father!
I would not, if I could,
Know what the sapphire fellows do,
In your new-fashioned world!
燃烧于金黄,熄灭在紫红,
象虎豹跃上天空,
然后死在亘古天际的脚下,
放倒那斑驳的面容:
弯下腰来,低过矮窗,
谷仓着色,屋顶受宠,
无边软帽亲吻草地,
白昼的魔术师无影无踪。
Day
BLAZING in gold and quenching in purple,
Leaping like leopards to the sky,
Then at the feet of the old horizon
Laying her spotted face, to die;
Stooping as low as the kitchen window, 5
Touching the roof and tinting the barn,
Kissing her bonnet to the meadow,—
And the juggler of day is gone!
我的花园来了新的足迹,
新的手指在翻动草皮;
榆树上的行吟诗人,
坦漏自己内心的孤凄。
绿草上孩子重来玩耍,
树荫下又有疲惫的睡意;
沉思的春天悄悄回还,
守时的冬雪仍旧不肯退避。
SPRING
NEW feet within my garden go,
New fingers stir the sod;
A troubadour upon the elm
Betrays the solitude.
New children play upon the green,
New weary sleep below;
And still the pensive spring returns,
And still the punctual snow!
从滴滴露珠之中,
可以看见清晨时的天使,
弯腰,采摘,微笑,翻飞:
蓓蕾是否也算仙子?
从颗颗沙砾之中,
可以看见骄阳下的天使,
弯腰,采摘,叹息,翻飞;
满载花朵热得面红耳赤。
ANGELS
ANGELS in the early morning
May be seen the dews among,
Stooping, plucking, smiling, flying:
Do the buds to them belong?
Angels when the sun is hottest
May be seen the sands among,
Stooping, plucking, sighing, flying;
Parched the flowers they bear along.
我无暇去会死亡，
死神便和善地接我前往，
我只好放下劳作与闲暇，
无法拒绝他的殷勤礼让。
我们一起坐上马车，
还有永生陪伴身旁，
我们驱车缓缓前行，
他悠然自得不慌不忙。
我们经过校园，
娱乐的孩子挤满操场，
我们经过田野，麦穗张望，
我们经过西沉的太阳。
或许该是夕阳经过我们吧，
露珠抖动，略显苍凉，
只为我的面纱、斗篷，
还有我薄丝织就的衣裳。
我们经过一个隆起的土堆，
那似乎是一座住房，
屋顶几乎无法看见，
屋架也在地下埋藏。
感觉比一天还要短暂，
虽然自此千万年岁月漫长，
我初次产生这种猜测：
永恒正是马头所向。
Because I Could Not Stop for Death
Because I could not stop for Death—
He kindly stopped for me—
The Carriage held but just Ourselves—
And Immortality.
We slowly drove—He knew no haste
And I had put away
My labor and my leisure too,
For His Civility—
We passed the School, where Children strove
At Recess—in the Ring—
We passed the fields of Gazing Grain—
We passed the Setting Sun—
Or rather—He passed Us—
The Dews drew quivering and chill—
For only Gossamer, my Gown—
My Tippet—only Tulle—
We paused before a House that seemed
A Swelling of the Ground—
The Roof was scarcely visible—
The Cornice—in the Ground—
Since then—'tis Centuries—and yet
Feels shorter than the Day
I first surmised the Horses' Heads
Were toward Eternity—
请让我成为你的夏日，
当夏日已经流逝！
请让我成为你的音乐，
当夜莺与鸱鸟力竭声嘶！
请让我成为你的花朵，
跨过坟墓，遍地摇曳花枝！
请将我采撷吧－－银莲花－－
你的花－－为你盛开永无终止！
Summer for Thee, Grant I May Be
Summer for thee, grant I may be
When Summer days are flown!
Thy music still, when Whipporwill
And Oriole -- are done!
For thee to bloom, I'll skip the tomb
And row my blossoms o'er!
Pray gather me --
Anemone --
Thy flower -- forevermore!
只有总是失败的人们，
才能懂得成功的滋味，
何为琼浆玉液，
最干渴的时候最有体会。
浩浩荡荡，获胜的军队，
斩将夺旗，个个耀武扬威；
可是，说不清胜利的含义，
道不明成功的真髓。
失败的战士奄奄一息，
临终的耳朵最为敏锐，
远处清晰的凯旋乐曲，
把一颗心彻底粉碎。
Success Is Counted Sweetest
Success is counted sweetest
By those who ne'er succeed.
To comprehend a nectar
Requires sorest need.
Not one of all the purple host
Who took the flag today
Can tell the definition,
So clear, of victory,
As he, defeated, dying,
On whose forbidden ear
The distant strains of triumph
Break, agonized and clear.
选定精神伴侣，
然后谢客关门；
既作神圣抉择，
必当匿影藏形。
车輦沓至纷来，
姑娘不闻不问；
皇帝跪于席垫，
万难打动芳心。
茫茫人海无限，
唯独选中一人；
从此心如盘石，
封闭情感闸门。
只要真心相爱，不求牵手同行。这古典的柏拉图式精神恋爱既庄严神圣,又恒久坚定。一曲真爱的颂歌动人心弦,展示出终身不嫁的老处女别样的内心世界和固守的精神生活。欲求译得神韵,还需对原作与译语字字推敲玩味、句句斟酌细品,真可谓苦心孤诣。原作隔行之间虽有音步和尾韵的呼应，但很不规整，每行的音节数更是参差不齐。译作每行六字，形成规整的六言古体，而且一韵到底，读来如行云流水，古朴醇厚。
The Soul Selects Her Own Society
The Soul selects her own Society－
Then－shuts the Door－
To her divine Majority－
Present no more－
Unmoved－she notes the Chariots－pausing－
At her low Gate－
Unmoved－an Emperor be kneeling－
Upon her Mat－
I’ve known her－from an ample nation－
Choose One－
Then－close the Valves of her attention－
Like Stone－
大脑与天空相比，
大脑更加开阔宽宏，
你会轻易发现，
大脑能将天空涵盖包容。
大脑与海洋对照，
大脑更加深邃无穷，
正如海棉、器皿，
大脑能将海水吸纳收拢。
大脑与上帝衡量，
两者难分轻重，
如果要找差别，
只在名分不同。
THE BRAIN
THE BRAIN is wider than the sky,
For, put them side by side,
The one the other will include
With ease, and you beside.
The brain is deeper than the sea, 5
For, hold them, blue to blue,
The one the other will absorb,
As sponges, buckets do.
The brain is just the weight of God,
For, lift them, pound for pound, 10
And they will differ, if they do,
As syllable from sound.
房子的四周拍打着波浪，
温柔的大海沐浴夏日的阳光，
神奇的屋架起起伏伏，
无忧无虑地自由飘荡。
蜜蜂来做舵手，
蝴蝶来当船长，
宇宙万物都是乘员，
兴高采烈，喜气洋洋。
A Soft Sea Washed Around the House
A soft sea washed around the house,
A sea of summer air,
And rose and fell the magic planks
That sailed without a care.
For captain was the butterfly,
For helmsman was the bee,
And an entire universe
For the delighted crew.
人说一言出口，
化为乌有；
我说一言出口，
不胫而走。
A word is dead
A word is dead
When it is said,
Some say.
I say it just
Begins to live
That day.
为了 “美” 我殉情殒命,
埋进坟墓还心绪难平；
此时我有了一位邻居,
说是为 “真” 壮烈牺牲。
他柔声问我为何落败,
我说全是为 “美” 献身；
他说 “美”、“真”本是一体,
我俩算得上骨肉至亲。
黑暗中一对难兄难弟,
就这样隔着墓穴谈心；
直到青苔盖满墓碑,
直到绿藓爬上嘴唇。
I died for Beauty―but was scarce
I died for Beauty―but was scarce
Adjusted in the Tomb
When One who died for Truth, was lain
In an adjoining Room―
He questioned softly “Why I failed”?
“For Beauty”, I replied―
“And I―for Truth―Themself are One―
We Bretheren, are”, He said―
And so, as Kinsmen, met a Night―
We talked between the Rooms―
Until the Moss had reached our lips―
And covered up―our names―
良宵
良宵复良宵，
情狂似火烧；
无缘与君共，
相思债未了。
心已泊深港，
风摧不动摇；
罗盘有何用，
海图远远抛。
泛舟伊甸园，
天海万里遥；
愿君化港湾，
今夜好停靠！
诗中 “wild” 一词在词典里有一个 “暴风雨” 的义项,《英华大词典》中就有把 “wild night” 解释为
“暴风雨之夜” 的用例。看来把 “wildnight” 译作 “暴风雨之夜” 是毫无争议的。
但是, 我们还是要问,暴风雨究竟在哪里呢? 请注意, “nights” 是复数形式,表示一个又一个夜晚。一般来说,
人们在生活中不大可能遇到一夜又一夜接连不断的暴风雨。根据情理推断, 它在诗中显然不是指暴风雨的天气。
其实, 它只不过是一种称作“属性转移定语(transferred epithet)”或 “移就”的修辞手段, “wild”
所修饰的不是诗中紧接其后的“夜晚(nights)”, 而是转移用来修饰隐含于字里行间的 “人”,
或者说用来描述人在夜里的某种狂烈情绪。因此,我们可以说暴风雨不在室外,而是在诗人心里,是诗人一夜又一夜对爱人灼热的挚爱和难以了却的思念。
抓住这一点,原作的主旨和意境就豁然开朗了。我们利用虚拟语气及 “luxury”一词所透漏的信息把标题译作 “良宵”并以
“无缘与君共”与之呼应,采用变换形象的手法用中国人惯常描述情爱的“烈火”这一形象来取代原作中“暴风雨”的形象。全诗翻译如下:
Wild Nights---Wild Nights
Were I with thee
Wild Nights should be
Our luxury!
Futile---the winds---
To the heart in port---
Done with the compass---
Done with the chart!
Rowing in Eden---
Ah, the sea!
Might I but moor Tonight---
In Thee!
快艇疾驰奋进，
不能象书本带你遨游四方；
骏马奔腾跳跃，
无法如诗篇伴你展翅飞翔；
免去赋税的重担，
这旅行的快乐穷人也能分享；
多么俭省便捷，
这承载人类灵魂的车辆！
There Is No Frigate Like A Book
There is no frigate like a book
To take us lands away,
Nor any coursers like a page
Of prancing poetry.
This traverse may the poorest take
Without oppress of toll;
How frugal is the chariot
That bears a human soul!
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