卡尔·车尔尼Carl Czerny (1791～1857) 著名奥地利钢琴演奏家、教育家、作曲家。主要作品：《钢琴初步教程》、《钢琴理论及演奏大全》、《钢琴快速练习曲集》等。

    今天，卡尔·车尔尼最出名的是他对技巧的研究，如他的作品《速度流派》，这是讲述掌握钢琴的技巧和机械的方法。卡尔·车尔尼是一个名副其实的卓越的多产作曲家，他那古怪的、机械的创作方式让他的高产成为可能。

1845年，英国作家约翰·伊拉在维也纳拜访过车尔尼，他问这位作曲家，他如何挤出时间去创作和发表如此多的作品。

    卡尔·车尔尼回答说：“如果我告诉你下面这些情况，你会更加吃惊。虽然我发表第一部作品时已经28岁了，但这之前我写出的作品比任何活着的抄写员抄写的作品都大。事实上，仅仅没有出版的作品，我就写了1000多部了，而且我从来没有因为出版作品而聘请一个抄写员。”

    这个英国人还听说过车尔尼还有个习惯，就是同时创作四部不同作品，他禁不住向车尔尼问起这件事情。车尔尼微笑着，让伊拉参观他的工作室。原来房间的每个角落都有一张桌子，每张桌子上都有一张没有完成的乐谱。“亲爱的伊拉，你看这里，这是我为英国人创作的作品。”车尔尼说。在第一张桌子上，是一个很长的名册，上面是为 D阿尔麦恩公司改编的英格兰民族歌曲。第二张桌子上是完成了一半的贝多芬交响曲，是车尔尼为另一个出版商改编的钢琴二重奏。在第三张桌子上，车尔尼在改编巴赫赋格曲的最新版本。最后一张桌子上，他在谱写一部大交响乐。

    车尔尼具体任何创作呢？他在第一张桌子上写完第一页，就到第二张桌子上继续写……当他在第四张桌子写成了，他再回到第一张桌子，依次类推，循环反复。

当时工业革命如火如荼，卡尔·车尔尼已经将它的原则运用到他的艺术上了。

【注释】velocity 速度profilic 多产的 all the more 更加piece曲子study 工作室score乐谱arrange改编 tune 歌曲duet 二重奏fugue 赋格曲in full swing 正在全力进行中

April 24th

 The Composing Machine

     Today he is best known for his technical studies such as The School of Velocity—methodical, mechanical approaches to piano mastery. Carl Czerny was actually an extraordinarily prolific composer whose curiously mechanical way of working made his vast output possible.

     The English writer John Ella visited Czerny in Vienna in 1845 and asked the composer how he could possibly find the time to publish so much music. 

    Czerny replied, "I'll surprise you all the more when I tell you that I was twenty-eight years old before I published my first work, but I have written more music in my lifetime than any living copyist. In fact I have written more than one thousand pieces that have never been printed, yet I've never employed a copyist to prepare any of my publications."

    The Englishman had heard that Czerny was also in the habit of working on four different publications at once, and he couldn't help asking Czerny about that.  Smiling, Czerny showed Ella around his study.  Each corner of the room had a desk with an unfinished score on it. "You see, my dear Ella, that here I am working for the English." Czerny said.  At the first desk was a long list of English national tunes to be arranged for the firm of D'Almaine and Company.  At the second desk was a half-finished set of Beethoven's symphonies that Czerny was arranging for piano duet for another publisher.  At a third desk Czerny was working on a new edition of Bach's fugues, and at the fourth desk he was composing a Grand Symphony.

     Czerny's method of operation?  After finishing a page at the first desk, he would pass on to the second and so on, and when he had written a page at the fourth desk, he went back to the first desk and started all over again.

    The industrial revolution was in full swing, and Carl Czerny had applied its principles to his art.