曲格列汀(Trelagliptin succinate (SYR-472))的合成及晶型专利

标签:
ddp4长效降糖药新药trelagliptin |
分类: 药物合成 |
SYNTHESIS
Compound 34 IS TRELAGLIPTIN
4-Fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (31).
A mixture of 2-bromo-5-fluorotoluene (3.5 g, 18.5 mmol) and CuCN (2
g, 22 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was refluxed for 24 hours. The reaction
was diluted with water and extracted with hexane. The organics were
dried over MgSO4
2-Bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile (32).
A mixture of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (2 g, 14.8 mmol), NBS
(2.64 g, 15 mmol) and AIBN (100 mg) in CCl4
Alternatively, 32 was made as follows.
4-Fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (1 kg) in DCE (2 L) was treated with AIBN (122 g) and heated to 75° C. A suspension of DBH (353 g) in DCE (500 mL) was added at 75° C. portionwise over 20 minutes. This operation was repeated 5 more times over 2.5 hours. The mixture was then stirred for one additional hour and optionally monitored for completion by, for example, measuring the amount of residual benzonitrile using HPLC. Additional AIBN (e.g., 12.5 g) was optionally added to move the reaction toward completion. Heating was stopped and the mixture was allowed to cool overnight. N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.3 L) was added (at <10° C. over 1.5 hours) and then diethyl phosphite (1.9 L) was added (at <20° C. over 30 min). The mixture was then stirred for 30 minutes or until completion. The mixture was then washed with 1% sodium metabisulfite solution (5 L) and purified with water (5 L). The organic phase was concentrated under vacuum to afford 32 as a dark brown oil (3328 g), which was used without further purification (purity was 97% (AUC)).
2-(6-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile (33).
A mixture of crude 3-methyl-6-chlorouracil (0.6 g, 3.8 mmol),
2-bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile (0.86 g, 4 mmol) and
K2CO3
Alternatively, 33 was made as follows.
To a solution of 6-chloro-3-methyluracil (750 g) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (998 mL) in NMP (3 L) was added (at <30° C. over 25 min) a solution of 32 (2963 g crude material containing 1300 g of 32 in 3 L of toluene). The mixture was then heated at 60° C. for 2 hours or until completion (as determined, for example, by HPLC). Heating was then stopped and the mixture was allowed to cool overnight. Purified water (3.8 L) was added, and the resultant slurry was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour and at <5° C. for one hour. The mixture was then filtered under vacuum and the wet cake was washed with IPA (2×2.25 L). The material was then dried in a vacuum oven at 40±5° C. for 16 or more hours to afford 33 as a tan solid (>85% yield; purity was >99% (AUC)).
TFAsalt OF TRELAGLIPTIN
2-[6-(3-Amino-piperidin-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl]-4-fluoro-benzonitrile (34).
2-(6-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile
(300 mg, 1.0 mmol), (R)-3-amino-piperidine dihydrochloride (266 mg,
1.5 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (500 mg, 5.4 mmol) were stirred in
a sealed tube in EtOH (3 mL) at 100° C. for 2 hrs. The final
compound was obtained as TFA salt after HPLC
purification.
FREE BASE NOF TRELAGLIPTIN
Alternatively, the free base of 34 was prepared as follows. A mixture of 33 (1212 g), IPA (10.8 L), (R)-3-amino-piperidine dihydrochloride (785 g), purified water (78 mL) and potassium carbonate (2.5 kg, powder, 325 mesh) was heated at 60° C. until completion (e.g., for >20 hours) as determined, for example, by HPLC. Acetonitrile (3.6 L) was then added at 60° C. and the mixture was allowed to cool to <25° C. The resultant slurry was filtered under vacuum and the filter cake was washed with acetonitrile (2×3.6 L). The filtrate was concentrated at 45° C. under vacuum (for >3 hours) to afford 2.6 kg of the free base of 34.
HCL salt OF TRELAGLIPTIN
The HCl salt of 34 was prepared from the TFA salt as follows. The
TFA salt (34) was suspended in DCM, and then washed with saturated
Na2CO3.
The organic layer was dried and removed in vacuo. The residue was
dissolved in acetonitrile and HCl in dioxane (1.5 eq.) was added at
0° C. The HCl salt was obtained after removing the
solvent.
Alternatively, the HCl salt was prepared from the free base as
follows. To a solution of free base in CH2Cl2
Succinate salt OF TRELAGLIPTIN
http://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/US20080227798A1/US20080227798A1-20080918-C00001.pngsuccinate
The succinate salt of 34 was prepared from the HCl salt as follows.
To a mixture of the HCl salt of 34 (1414 g), CH2Cl2
The product was also converted to a variety of corresponding acid
addition salts. Specifically, the benzonitrile product
(approximately 10 mg) in a solution of MeOH (1 mL) was treated with
various acids (1.05 equivalents). The solutions were allowed to
stand for three days open to the air. If a precipitate formed, the
mixture was filtered and the salt dried. If no solid formed, the
mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue isolated. In this
way, salts of 34 were prepared from the following acids: benzoic,
p-toluenesulfonic, succinic, R-(−)-Mandelic and benzenesulfonic.
The
In addition, the methanesulfonate salt was prepared as follows. A 10.5 g aliquot of the benzonitrile product was mixed with 400 mL of isopropylacetate. The slurry was heated to 75° C. and filtered through #3 Whatman filter paper. The solution was heated back to 75° C. and a 1M solution of methanesulfonic acid (30.84 mL) was added slowly over 10 minutes while stirring. The suspension was cooled to room temperature at a rate of about 20° C./hr. After 1 hr at room temperature, the solid was filtered and dried in an oven overnight to obtain the methanesulfonate salt.
POLYMORPHS AND SYNTHESIS
FORM A
Form A may be prepared by crystallization from the various solvents and under the various crystallization conditions used during the polymorph screen (e.g., fast and slow evaporation, cooling of saturated solutions, slurries, and solvent/antisolvent additions). Tables B and C of Example 3 summarize the procedures by which Form A was prepared. For example, Form A was obtained by room temperature slurry of an excess amount of Compound I in acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, 1,4-dioxane, diethyl ether, hexane, methanol, isopropanol, water, ethylacetate, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, or other like solvents on a rotating wheel for approximately 5 or 7 days. The solids were collected by vacuum filtration, and air dried in the hood. Also, Form A was precipitated from a methanol solution of Compound I by slow evaporation (SE).
[0091] Form A was characterized by XRPD, TGA, hot stage microscopy,
IR, Raman spectroscopy, solution
[0092] Figure 1 shows a characteristic XRPD spectrum (CuKa, λ=1.5418A) of Form A. The XRPD pattern confirmed that Form A was crystalline. Major X-Ray diffraction lines expressed in °2Θ and their relative intensities are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1. Characteristic XRPD Peaks (CuKa) of Form A
Characterization Data of Form A of Compound I
8. Amorphous Form
[0137] The Amorphous Form of Compound I was prepared by lyophilization of an aqueous solution of Compound I (Example 10). The residue material was characterized by XRPD and the resulting XRPD spectrum displayed in Figure 26. The XRPD spectrum shows a broad halo with no specific peaks present, which confirms that the material is amorphous. The material was further characterized by TGA, DSC, hot stage microscopy, and moisture sorption analysis.
Table A. Approximate Solubilities of Compound I
Crystallization
a) FE = fast evaporation; SE = slow evaporation; RT = room temperature; SC = slow cool;CC = crash cool, MB = moisture sorption/desorption analysis b) qty = quantity; PO = preferred orientation
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SYNTHESIS
EXAMPLES
1. Preparation of 2-[6-(3-Amino-piperidin-l-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro- 2H-pyrimidin-l-ylmethyl]-4-fluoro-benzonitrile and pharmaceutically acceptable salts
4-Fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (3)
[0166] A mixture of 2-bromo-5fluorotoluene ( 2) (3.5 g, 18.5 mmol)
and CuCN (2 g, 22 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was re fluxed for 24 hours.
The reaction was diluted with water and extracted with hexane. The
organics were dried over MgSO4
[0167] A mixture of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (3) (2 g, 14.8
mmol), NBS (2.64 g, 15 mmol) and AIBN (100 mg) in CCl4
2-(6-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-l-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro- benzonitrile (6)
[0168] A mixture of crude 3-methyl-6-chlorouracil (5) (0.6 g, 3.8
mmol), 2- Bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile (0.86 g, 4 mmol) and
K2CO3
(10 mL) was stirred at 60 C for 2 hours. The reaction was diluted
with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organics were dried over
MgSO4
2-[6-(3-Amino-piperidin-l-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-l- ylmethyl]-4-fluoro-benzonitrile, TFA salt (1) (TFA salt of Compound I)
[0169]
2-(6-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-l-ylmethyl)-4-
fluoro-benzonitrile (5) (300 mg, 1.0 mmol), (i?)-3-amino-piperidine
dihydrochloride (266 mg, 1.5 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (500 mg,
5.4 mmol) were stirred in a sealed tube in EtOH (3 mL) at
100
2-[6-(3-Amino-piperidin-l-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-l- ylmethyl]-4-fluoro-benzonitrile, HCl salt
[0170] The TFA salt of Compound I was suspended in DCM, and then
washed with saturated Na2CO3.
The organic layer was dried and removed in vacuo. The residue was
dissolved in acetonitrile and HCl in dioxane (1.5 eq.) was added at
0 C. The HCl salt was obtained after removing the
solvent.
General procedure for the preparation of salts of Compound I.
[0171] The benzonitrile product may be isolated as the free base if desired, but preferably, the product may be further converted to a corresponding acid addition salt. Specifically, the benzonitrile product (approximately 10 mg) in a solution of MeOH (1 mL) was treated with various acids (1.05 equivalents). The solutions were allowed to stand for three days open to the air. If a precipitate formed, the mixture was filtered and the salt dried. If no solid formed, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue isolated. In this way, salts of Compound I were prepared from the following acids: benzoic, p-toluenesulfonic, succinic, R-(-)-Mandelic and benzenesulfonic. [0172] The isolation and/or purification steps of the intermediate compounds in the above described process may optionally be avoided if the intermediates from the reaction mixture are obtained as relatively pure compounds and the by-products or impurities of the reaction mixture do not interfere with the subsequent reaction steps. Where feasible, one or more isolation steps may be eliminated to provide shorter processing times, and the elimination of further processing may also afford higher overall reaction yields.
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US20080227798
POLYMORPHS AND SYNTHESIS
EXAMPLES
Compound I may be prepared by the follow synthetic route (Scheme 1)
A. Preparation of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (Compound B)
Compound B was prepared by refluxing a mixture of
2-bromo-5-fluoro-toluene (Compound A) (3.5 g, 18.5 mmol) and CuCN
(2 g, 22 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) for 24 hours. The reaction was
diluted with water and extracted with hexane. The organics were
dried over MgSO4
B. Preparation of 2-bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile (Compound C)
Compound C was prepared by refluxing a mixture of
4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (Compound B) (2 g, 14.8 mmol),
N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) (2.64 g, 15 mmol) and
azo-bis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN) (100 mg) in CCl4
C. Preparation of 2-(6-chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile (Compound D)
Compound E was prepared by stirring a mixture of crude
3-methyl-6-chlorouracil D (0.6 g, 3.8 mmol),
2-bromomethyl-4-fluorobenzonitrile (0.86 g, 4 mmol) and
K2CO3
D. Preparation of 2-(6-chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile (Compound F)
Compound F was prepared by mixing and stirring
2-(6-chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile
(Compound E) (300 mg, 1.0 mmol), (R)-3-amino-piperidine
dihydrochloride (266 mg, 1.5 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (500 mg,
5.4 mmol) in a sealed tube in EtOH (3 mL) at 100° C. for 2 hrs. The
final compound was obtained as trifluoroacetate (TFA) salt after
HPLC purification.
E. Preparation of Compound I: the succinic acid salt of 2-(6-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-benzonitrile
The TFA salt prepared in the above step (Example 1, Step D) was suspended in DCM, and then washed with saturated Na2CO3. The organic layer was dried and removed in vacuo. The benzonitrile product (approximately 10 mg) was dissolved in MeOH (1 mL) and to which succinic acid in THF (1.05 equivalents) was added. The solutions were allowed to stand for three days open to the air. If a precipitate formed, the solid was collected by filtration. If no solid formed, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the succinate salt was obtained after removing the solvent.
SUCCINATE SALT OF TRELAGLIPTIN
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ. 7.77-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.26 (m, 2H), 5.47 (s, 1H), 5.21-5.32 (ABq, 2H, J=32.0, 16.0 Hz), 3.35-3.5 (m, 2H), 3.22 (s, 3H), 3.01-3.1 (m, 1H), 2.69-2.93 (m, 2H), 2.07-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.93 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.80 (m, 2H). MS (ES) [m+H] calc’d for C18H20FN5O2, 357.38; found, 357.38.
Compound I such prepared was found to be crystalline as determined by x-ray powder diffraction analysis (FIG. 1). The crystal material was designated Form A.
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