1. becauseof , due to, thanks to ,owing to, on account of 表示原因，可加上自己的宾语构成介词短语作原因状语或表语。其中because of更口语化一些，而作表语时，due to最常见。如：

Later in thenext century, people from Englandmade voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English beganto be spoken in many other countries.

在下一个世纪晚期， 来自英国的人们长途跋涉去征服世界的其他地方，也是由于这点，英语在许多国家得到使用。

Owing to staffshortages, there was no food on the plane.

由于工作人员不足，飞机上没有食物。

Because of hiswife (‘s) being there, I said nothing about it.

由于他妻子在那里，因此我什么都没说。

You failure isdue to negligence.

你的失败是由于疏忽造成的。

2. due to 还可作后置定语，此外，due to 除了表示“原因”外，还有“应给予，应归还”的意思。如：

Accidentsdue to driving at high speed were very common that weekend.

在那个周末因高速驾驶造成的交通事故很多。

Our gratefulthanks are due to you.

向你表示我们衷心的感谢。

3. thanks to 作状语或表语，通常用于好的方面，意为“多亏”，但有时作反语；引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末。如：

This is thanksto many factors, some of which are hard to predict, let alone account for.

这是由多种因素造成的，其中有些因素很难预测，更不要说计算了。

Thanks to yourhelp, we were successful.

多亏了你的帮助，我们得以成功。

4. as a result “因此，结果”，常用在有上下文（表原因）的情况下。As a result of … “由于······的原因”，可置于句首或句中。如：

     He had some bad fish. As a result, he didn’tfeel well this morning.

     他吃了些变质的鱼肉，因此，今天早上他感到不舒服。

     As a result of the flood, thousand ofpeople lost their homes.

     因为发大水，成千上万的人失去了家园。