“该公园在其尚未建成之前便已名声在外。规划方案中所展示的一系列景观体验，形式多样、独具一格，且整体布局合理、有序……在原有地形与混凝土设施的巧妙结合中，公园处处折射出雕塑般的艺术美感。”

              ——2014 ASLA评语

 

项目设计：Thomas Balsey Weiss Manfredi

项目地点：美国纽约长岛市

项目面积：一期30英亩（约12.14hm2）

奖项：2014年ASLA综合设计类荣誉奖

竣工：2013年8月

该项目是纽约市长岛东河河滨区域较大规模系列总体规划工程一期项目。该系列规划包括改造一处占地约12公顷的后工业化滨水区，以及兴建自20世纪70年代以来纽约市最大的经济适用型住宅项目。猎人角南部区域三面环水，是城市生态发展全新模式的理想示范区，也是可持续发展创新设计的实践地。

△ 总图

项目场地上的工业遗迹和秀丽的滨水景观在设计中得以充分利用，进而建立起一处极具活力的多层次文化娱乐场所。该项目的基地紧邻海滨，整个设计利用基地的工业遗产和壮观的景观建立起富有弹性、多层次的休闲和文化目的地。并要整合基础设施、景观、建筑、码头等元素，将基地转换成一个新的生态走廊。

由于毗邻一块未来学校建设基地与一处拥有5000户永久性住户的住宅开发项目用地，该项目的建成也将有效连接这两处区域及周边住区，使之形成一个较为完整的门户式城市公共基础设施体系，并为这些城市区域创建一系列全新的娱乐性开放空间。

 

 

项目场地曾经是成片湿地，随着时间的推移和工业化进程的加剧，这里逐渐变成了垃圾填埋场，原先丰饶富足的湿地滨水景观变成破败荒废的滩涂码头。全新的滨水区设计结合了许多绿色环保元素及举措，将这处早已废弃却坐拥重要地理位置的滨水区改造成新型城市生态示范区。

改造后的滨水公园，其实质就是一个科技化生态系统，该系统可最大限度减少非可再生能耗，并对水资源实行相关保护和节约措施，同时优化已有的可维护性及可操作性相关措施，并为周边社区及整个城市建立一个健康且具有活力的滨水环境。

Upland Context

在项目场地的最南面，公园绿地沿边的漫步小径一直延伸至一处高达30英尺（约9米），且造型雅致的悬壁式眺望台，曼哈顿天际美景与东河景观在此一鉴无余，将喧嚣的城市与全新的湿地滨水空间和谐地融于一体。

从中央漫步道视角看去，碑的混凝土区域已在策略性设计中，被全新湿地和连接于城市主街区和公园规划区的若干漫步小径所替代。这一步道系统一直延伸至滨水码头区，形成边缘绿化基础设施的一部分，同时为当地民众营造出一处景致民间惬意的地标性滨水休闲漫步区。

多功能椭圆形绿地是公园最为开阔的中心区域，并为东河对岸的曼哈顿繁荣景象提供了直观的视觉引导。这一椭圆形绿地也形成公园的南北分界，南北侧沿边界各有一条弧形道路设施。

北边是一条绵长的林荫步道，而南边是带有褶皱式钢筋顶棚的遮荫廊道，为滨水渡口提供了一处良好的荫蔽之所。

暄闹的城市区域与宁静的滨水空间通过一座综合型遮荫长廊式构筑物的连接，实现了和谐过渡。由于遮荫长廊的这一构筑位置优势，它激活了整个滨水公园的各类动态及静态娱乐用途，且为到达公园进而进入园中各活动区域提供了明确的视觉指向。

遮荫长廊式构筑物由公园运营维护设施区和公共休闲区这两个功能区块组成，其中包括：公共厕所、公园工作人员办公楼以及挑高式咖啡馆广场，这些设施都由长廊上方的褶皱绵延式遮荫顶棚连于一体。长廊的尽头是架高式轮渡码头，可远眺曼哈顿天际景致及东河廊道全景。

褶皱式遮荫顶棚结构不仅唤起了当地民众对猎人角码头海运历史的记忆，同时它还具有雨水收集与太阳能发电功能，并使之达到最佳优化效果。

在钢质褶皱顶板的南面安装有64个太阳能光伏板，年发电置达37 000千瓦时，可为50%以上的公园区域提供充足的电力资源。而实质上，这一特别的顶棚设计还拥有更多的光伏板安装空间，以便于将来为整个公园区域实施供电。此外，褶皱顶板还可有效收集雨水以灌溉毗邻的生态草沟。富有质感的拉丝金属顶棚外沿悬于邻近的草坪区边缘地带上方，在绿地与主体公园景观的映衬中，更具活力。

生趣铁轨花园位于城市宠物走道与公园游乐区之间的51号大街街口处，各色本土草本植物沿废弃铁轨两旁种植着。纵横交错的漫步小径蜿蜒至小型中央广场，与水景喷泉共同勾勒出悠闲的都市街边宜景。遮荫长廊与草坪区共同围合而成的游乐区成为公园中家庭亲子活动的中心场所。

城市宠物走道是公园中一个相对新鲜的道路设施。走道上的特色细水沟，以及木材堆砌而成的公园座椅设施，都让人们不禁回想起早前的贮木场。宠物休憩所是精致的小亭子造型，如此温馨别致的宠物走道设计，为宠物主人们增添了更多的生活乐趣。

 

东河沿边公园滨河区的这处游乐场所内设施齐全，满足各个年龄层的游乐需求，从篮球设施到成人健身器材再到可供儿童玩耍的草丘、嬉水水道，应有尽有。

在遮荫长廊和公园步道的围合中，一处充满着休闲氛围的城市沙滩为人们提供了日光浴，野餐、打沙滩排球的理想活动场地。在这里，游人们可以尽情地赤脚踏沙，嬉戏玩闹间还可欣赏到曼哈顿天际处独特的滨水落日景观。

The site is waterfront and city, gateway andsanctuary, blank slate and pentimento. Design leverages the site’s industrialheritage and spectacular views to establish a resilient, multi-layeredrecreational and cultural destination. Adjacent to a future school and anemerging residential development of 5,000 permanently affordable units, thepark will provide a public front door and new open spaces for recreation thatconnect to the surrounding communities. The integrated design weaves togetherinfrastructure, landscape, and architecture to transform a post-industrialwaterfront site into new ecological corridors that anticipate the inevitablepatterns of flooding and rising water levels along the East River, transformingHunter’s Point South into both a new cultural and ecological paradigm.

A Sustainable Waterfront:

Hunter’s Point South Waterfront Park has evolvedfrom a marshy wetland to a drained landfill site and from a soft shoreline toan armored water’s edge. The design incorporates numerous green initiatives,transforming a critically located but abandoned waterfront into a new urbanecological paradigm. The essence of the park is a technological and ecologicalsystem implemented to minimize non-renewable power consumption, protect andconserve water, optimize maintenance and operational practices, and create ahealthy and productive environment for the community and the city.

Upland Context:

Embedded in the new urban plan is a carefullyconceived sustainable approach to the smart streets, bioswales, and bikeways ofthe new community at Hunter’s Point South. Placed along the park’s edge, abioswale filters stormwater from the Center Blvd. and the upland smart streets.Each upland street enjoys the park and skyline views and terminates on parkvestibule entrances that have been outfitted with banquette seating.

Green Oval:

A new multi-use green oval defines the mostgenerously open part of the site and offers views directly across the river toManhattan. This green anchors the park’s north precinct and is framed by acontinuous path and pleated steel shade canopy on the south side which followsthe curve of the oval and offers shelter for a water ferry stop and concessionbuilding.

Pathways:

The path that surrounds the central green unfurlsinto a promenade leading to an overlook at the southern terminus of the site.This overlook, a 30-foot high cantilevered platform with views of the Manhattanskyline and the East River, is at once urbane and otherworldly, bringing thecity to a precipice suspended over a new wetland water’s edge. From the centralpromenade path, existing concrete bulk-heads are strategically replaced by newwetlands and pathways that link the major precincts and programs of the park.This path system extends to the water’s edge and forms part of the “soft” edgeinfrastructure, while also providing a new landmark and destination that drawsthe community to the waterfront.

Pavilion:

The Pavilion is conceived as a continuous structurewhich connects the city with the water’s edge. It is strategically located tosupport the park’s active and passive recreational uses and provides a legiblepoint of arrival and orientation. The Pavilion is divided into two buildingsunder one continuous canopy. It includes a maintenance and operations facilityfor the Department of Parks and Recreations, comfort stations, a concessionbuilding, and a raised café plaza. The Pavilion culminates at the elevated wood pier, withpanoramic views of the Manhattan skyline and the East River corridor.

The folded plate shade structure recalls themaritime history of Hunter’s Point and is optimized to capture storm water andsolar power. Sixty-four photovoltaic panels located on the south face of thesteel pleats generate 37,000 kWh per year, powering over 50% of the entirepark. The design can accommodate additional panels to power 100% of the park inthe future. The folded plates also collect stormwater which nourishes nearbybioswales. A richly textured brushed metal surface drapes across the outer edgeof the sweep along the Green sweep, and reflects the activity at the Green andthe general landscape.

Urban Beach:

Framed by the pavilion and park path, an urban beachhosts sunning, picnicking, and beach volleyball along the edge of thepromenade. Here, visitors will sink their toes in the sand and take in a uniquebeach sunset setting over the Manhattan skyline.

Interpretive Rail Garden:

Framed by the urban dog run and play area at the51st Avenue vestibule, native grasses envelop freight rails to compose aninterpretive rail garden narrative. A cross path weaves through to a smallcentral plaza animated with water jets and the interaction they attract.

Urban Dog Run:

As a relatively new component of the 21st centuryurban park, the dog run has proven its long term social sustainability worth.With its distinctive water rill, stacked timber seats that recall an earlierlumberyard and animated shelter which has taken its cues from the pavilion,this dogscape has elevated the fun of dog ownership.

Play Area: Resting on a tree shaded shelf above the promenadeand surrounded by native grasses, the play area promises to be the center offamily activity for the park. Here at the edge of the East River an ensemble ofplay venues for all ages ranges from basketball and adult fitness to achildren’s play with lawn mound and water play channel.

* 图片来源网络，部分照片为迈丘设计师拍摄，有版权。