Lesson 8 A
famous monastery
老师：Gavin
助教：小宝
笔记正文：
Lesson
8 A famous monastery
monastery
['m?n?stri] n.寺院，修道院
St.Bernard 圣伯纳德
pass [pa:s]
n.关隘
watchdog
['w?t?d?:g] n.看门狗
rashly ['r??li]
a.莽撞地，冒失地
enclosure
[in'kl?u??] n.围场，圈地
monk [m??k]
n.和尚，僧侣,修道士
privacy
['praiv?si] n.清静，隐居
skier ['ski:?]
n.滑雪者
Easter ['i:st?]
n.复活节
The Great St
Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
圣伯纳德大山口连接着瑞士与意大利。
pass
1 (especially
British English) a successful result in an exam
She got a pass
in French.
The pass mark is
50%.
The school has a
90% pass rate (= 90% of students pass their
exams).
2 an official
document or ticket that shows that you have the right to enter or
leave a place, to travel on a bus or train, etc通行证,票
a boarding
pass 登机牌
There is no
admittance without a security pass.闲人免入
3 a road or way
over or through mountains
a mountain
pass关隘
They came over
the top of the pass and started down towards the coast.
coast海岸,临海的下坡
4 an act of
going or moving past or over something经过越过
The helicopter
made several passes over the village before landing. set
off起飞,出发,开始,点燃 Landing着落
connect (A
to/with/and B)
Can I connect my
printer to your computer?
Police are
connecting the break-in with other recent thefts in the
area.
类似词组
Link
to/with
Relate A to
B
Be relevant
to
Associate
with
Join
to
Attach
to
Hook up
to
Structure 练习
The Great St.
Bernard Pass lies ________Switzerland and Italy.
A.
within
B.
between
C.
about
D.
along
At 2470 metres,
it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.
海拔2,473O米，是欧洲最高的山口
The highest
mountain pass in Europe is___________
A. of 2473
metres
B. at 2473
metres high
C. high 2473
metres
D. 2473 metres
high/tall/width/lenth
Monastery 修道院--
? 女修道院 convent
a building in
which monks (= members of a male religious community) live
together
a building in
which monks live and
worship
Compare
convent女修道院 ;
nunnery尼姑庵
大的修道院 abbey---天主教
教堂Church
---基督教
清真寺Mosque 伊斯兰教islam
佛教Buddhism
temple庙宇
天主教 Catholicism
基督教 Christianity
尼姑,修女 nun
邪教 heresy
Altitude 海拔高度
Attitude 态度
The famous
monastery of St Bernard, which非限定性定于从句was founded in the eleventh century, lies
about大约 a mile
away.
11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。
非限定从句: 补充说明,进一步解释
限定性从句:限定修饰
My sister, who works in London, is quite
wealthy.解释姐姐在伦敦
My sister who works in London, is quite wealthy.在伦敦工作的姐姐很有钱
位于
Lie
in/about 不及物动词
Be located
in/at
Be
situated
Settled
Stand
Sit
For hundreds of
years, St Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing
the dangerous Pass.
几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。
救援 save
rescue
These friendly
dogs, which非限定语从句 were first
brought from Asia, were used as watch-dogs even in Roman
times.
那些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。
Be used
doing 习惯
Be used
for 用来..
Be used to
do 过去常常
Be used
as 作为
watch-dog
1. a person or
group of people whose job is to check that companies are not doing
anything illegal or ignoring people's rights监督者
a consumer
watchdog 消费者
‘Ofwat’ is the
water industry watchdog in Britain.
2.
US = guard
dog
Porter 搬运工,
Doorman 迎宾
Gatekeeper 看门人
Now that a
tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less
dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow
whenever a traveller is in difficulty.
如今由于山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。但每年还要派狗到雪山地里去帮助那些遇到困难的旅游者，
Now
that…引导原因状语从句
because the
thing mentioned is happening or has just
happened既然
Now that the
kids have left home we've got a lot of extra
space.
Now that you are
grown up, you will have to find a job.
Now that you
won’t help me, I must do it myself.
Because, as,
for,since
sent
out 派遣,发送~~~
send out invitations
whenever 无论何时 no
matter when
special
difficulties
whoever,
wherever 到底 1.强调语气on
earth; on hell;
Despite the new
tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt
to(尝试事情没成功)
cross the Pass on foot.
尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口
Despite….尽管
used to show
that something happened or is true although something else might
have happened to prevent it
=in spite
of
Her voice was
shaking despite all her efforts to control it.
Despite applying
for hundreds of jobs动名词短语,
he is still out of work.
She was good at
physics despite the fact that she found it
boring. 如果把the
fact去除就是让步状语从句了
attempt
to尝试事情没成功
try to
do 没成功
manage to
do 成功了
Rash
doing something
that may not be sensible without first thinking about the possible
results; done in this way轻率的鲁莽的
a rash young
man
rash (to do
something) 做某事轻率
It would be rash
to assume that everyone will agree with you.
Think twice
before doing anything rash.三思而后行
This is what
happens when you make rash decisions.
Some people
jumped rashly to the conclusion that something must be
wrong. 有些人“轻率”地得出结论说一定是出了什么问题。
chew
over 仔细考虑；详细讨论
同义词
Reckless
Thoughtless
Impulsive
During the
summer months, the monastery is very busy, for并列连词做原因状语从句(不能放在句首)
it is visited by thousands of people who定语从句 cross the Pass
in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be
kept in a special enclosure.
夏天的几个月里，修道院十分忙碌，因为有成千上万的人驾车通过山口，顺道来修道院参观。由于来人太多，狗被关在专门的围栏里。
Enclosure
1 [countable] a
piece of land that is surrounded by a fence or wall and is used for
a particular purpose围场
a wildlife
enclosure
2 [uncountable,
countable]the act of placing a fence or wall around a piece of
land圈地enclosure movement
privatization私有化
An early example
of privatization was the enclosure of public land for use by
wealthy landlords.
3 [countable]
something that is placed in an envelope with a
letter(邮件附件用attachment)
Always state the
number of enclosures at the bottom of your
letter.
as, because,
for, since
这些连词均含有“因为”之意。
as：从属连词，语意较because, since弱，着重在主句，所表示的原因或理由是"附带的"。
because：从属连词，语意强，着重直接的原因或理由，所引出的从句是全句的重心，用以回答why提出的问题。
for：并列连词，语气较弱，所引出的句子一般放在后面，表示附带说明的理由或推断理由。
since：语意比because弱，但比as强，一般用于表示"由于大家已知的事实"。
on account of
=beacuse of=due to
about=around=round
In winter,
however(插入语可以放句首), life at the monastery is quite
different.
然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活则是另一番景象。
The temperature
drops to -30 and very few people attempt to cross the
Pass.
气温下降到零下30度，试图跨越山口的人寥寥无几。
Temperature
the measurement
in degrees of how hot or cold a thing or place is
high/low
temperatures
a fall/drop in
temperature
a rise in temperature
The temperature
has risen (by) five degrees.
a temperature of
200°C (= degrees centigrade )
Some places have
had temperatures in the 40s (= over 40° centigrade
).
The temperature
dropped to minus 28 degrees centigrade (?28°C).
40°
F
Fahrenheit 华氏度
The monks Prefer
winter to summer (,)for原因状语从句 they have more
privacy.
修道士们喜欢冬天，而不太喜欢夏天。因为在冬天，他们可以更多地过无人打扰的生活。
Privacy
1 the state of
being alone and not watched or disturbed by other
people清净隐居
She was longing
for peace and privacy.
I value my
privacy.
例句： 1.They
live in privacy.
他们过着隐居生活。
2.The couple
enjoy the country life of privacy very much.
这对夫妇很喜欢享受乡村的隐居生活。
2 the state of
being free from the attention of the public隐私
The new law is
designed to protect people's privacy.
Solitude 孤享
Lonely
孤寂
Prefer
to like
one thing or person better than
another; to choose one thing
rather than something else because you like it
better
prefer
something
‘Coffee or tea?’ ‘I'd prefer tea,
thanks.’
I much prefer
jazz to rock
music. 更喜欢jazz
prefer to do
something
I prefer not to
think about it.
Would you prefer
me to stay?
I prefer playing
football instead of swimming.
I would prefer
that you did not mention my name.
Prefer doing sth
=prefer to do
The dogs have
greater freedom, too, for原因状语从句 they are allowed
to wander outside their enclosure.
狗也比较自由，被放出围栏，四处遛达。
Wander==roam==ramble 漫游,散步
Wonder
v.想知道 n.奇迹
The
only只是 regular
visitors常客 to
the monastery in winter are parties of skiers
who定语从句 go there at
Christmas and Easter.
冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。
Party(parties)
1.党派;2.派对
a group of
people who are doing something together such as travelling or
visiting somewhere一群人
The school is
taking a party of 40 children to France.
The theatre
gives a 10% discount to parties of more than
ten.超过10人给10%折扣
These young
people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm
welcome at St Bernard's monastery.
这些热爱高山清静环境的年轻人每年都受到圣伯纳德道院的热烈欢迎。
The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At
2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous
monastery of St. Bernard, witch was founded in eleventh century,
lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs
have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.
These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used
as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built
through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year,
the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is
in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people
who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is
visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there
are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special
enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite
different. The temperature drops to -- 30 and very few people
attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer of
they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for
they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only
regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers
who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love
the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St.
Bernard's monastery.
圣伯纳德大山口连接着瑞士与意大利，海拔2,473O米，是欧洲最高的山口。11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。那些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。如今由于山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。但每年还要派狗到雪山地里去帮助那些遇到困难的旅游者，尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口。
夏天的几个月里，修道院十分忙碌，因为有成千上万的人驾车通过山口，顺道来修道院参观。由于来人太多，狗被关在专门的围栏里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活则是另一番景象。气温下降到零下30度，试图跨越山口的人寥寥无几。修道士们喜欢冬天，而不太喜欢夏天。因为在冬天，他们可以更多地过无人打扰的生活。狗也比较自由，被放出围栏，四处遛达。冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。这些热爱高山清静环境的年轻人每年都受到圣伯纳德道院的热烈欢迎。
2.The couple enjoy the country life of privacy very much.
翻译这对夫妇很喜欢享受乡村的隐居生活。
Now that...
例句：
1.Now that ned can read he find his early picture book too babyish
.
由于内德已经识字，他觉得他以前的那些画册都太浅了。
2.Our way of life is rather constricted now that our income is so
reduced.
由于我们的收入减少了这麽多，我们的生活方式受到一定限制。
3.Now that the president has a following wind, confronting him
looks riskier.
现在，由于奥巴马气势正旺，对抗他的风险看上去增大了不少。
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