倒 装 句

英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so, neither, nor开头的句子是热点。

（一）倒装句的意义

1、适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。

e.g. May I come in?

Was the People’s Liberation Army founded in 1927?

2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。

e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.

So early did he come to school that no other students came.

（二）倒装的使用情况

1、在 “there be” 结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。

e.g. There is a box on the table.

2、在疑问句中。

e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?

What does your mother do?

3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装）

e.g. There goes the bell.

Here is an apple for you.

There she comes.

4、重复倒装句型，用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。

e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.

My parents didn’t watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.

5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装）

e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.

“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.

6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. 

比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.

注意: not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:Not only you but also I like playing chess.

neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.

7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。

e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.

Only in this way can we learn English well.

注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。

e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.

8、为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）

e.g. Away hurried the boy.

Out rushed the girl.

9、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。

e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.

Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.

Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.

10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语+ 谓语）。

e.g. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.

Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）

Hard as he worded, he made little progress.

11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。

e.g. May you succeed!

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

12、So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。

So happy did he feel.   Such was me.

1.I dare climb this tall tree, but _____?

　　A. do you　　　 B. dare you  C. so do you　　D. do you dare
2.According to the shopping list, _____ a dozen socks.
　A. there seems to be B. it seems C. there seem to be D. it seem
3.Autumn coming, down _____.
　A. do the leaves fall  B. the leaves will fall   C. fall the leaves  D. will the leaves fall
4.Now _____ Wang’s turn to keep guard.
　A. there is　　 B. is going   C. has come　　 D. comes
5.—Listen, there _____.
　—Oh, yes. There _____.
  A. goes the bell; it goes B. goes the bell; goes it C. the bell goes; it goes  D. the bell goes; goes it
6.Hearing the cat mewing, off _____.
　A. fled all the mice　B. fleeing all the mice C. away fled the mice　D. all the mice fled away
7.The door opened, and _____.
　A. came in some Young Pioneers with flowers in their hands
　B. in came some Young Pioneers with flowers in their hands
　C. in did some Young Pioneers came with flowers in their hands
　D. did some Young Pioneers with flowers in their hands come in
8.Seeing the gardener coming, away _____.
　A. the naughty children ran　　B. did the naughty children run
　C. the naughty children　  D. ran the naughty children
9.Nearby _____, in which the savage had come to the island.
　A. there are two canoes　　B. were two canoes
　C. there came two canoes　D. two canoes were arriving
10.Reaching the end of the swimming pool, back _____.
　A. swam he　B. did the boy swim  C. the boy swam　D. he swam
11.The war of Resistance against Japan ended in 1945, and then _____.
　A. followed three years of China’s War of Liberation
　B. following three years of China’s War of Liberation
　C. three years of China’s War of Liberation followed
　D. did three years of China’s War of Liberation follow
12._____ reading and speaking English every day, he would speak it well  enough now.
　A. Had he practiced  B. Did he practice  C. Should he practice　D. Were he to practice
13._____, she is quite experienced in the work.
　A. As she is young　B. As young she is  C. Young as she is  D. Young as is she
14._____, I won’t change my mind.
　A. What you will say B. Will you say whatC. Say what you will D. What will you say
15.He has finished his homework, and _____.
　A. so I have　　B. so have I  C. I do so　　 D. so do I
16.Hardly can he drive this kind of truck, and _____.
　A. neither can’t I　　　B. so can’t I  C. I can’t, too　　 D. nor can I
17.Not only _____ this machine, but _____ it.
　A. can he run; can he repair　　　　　B. can he run; he can repair
　C. he can run; he can repair　　　　　D. he can run; can he repair
18._____ school _____ it began pouring.
　A. As soon as we reached; then　　　　　　 B. As soon as we had reached; then
　C. No sooner did we reach; than　　　　　　D. We had no sooner reached; than
19.Seldom _____ late _____ the office.
　A. does he come; for 　B. he comes; for C. does he come; to　D. he comes; to
20.Never _____ forget the days when _____ together with you.
　A. shall I; did I live　B. I shall; did I live C. I shall; I lived　　D. shall I; I lived
21._____ such things nowadays.
　A. Rarely people can see　B. People rarely see C. Do people rarely see D. Rarely did people see
22.Last night, not until _____ my homework _____.
　A. did I finish; I went to bed   B. I had finished; did I go to bed
　C. had I finished; I didn’t go to bed    D. I finished; didn’t I go to bed
23.It wasn’t until quite recently _____ any idea what a spaceship was like.
　A. did I have　　 　B. when did I have  C. that I had　　　 D. didn’t I have
24.A whale is a mammal, and it breathes through its lungs. So once in a while _____ to the top of

    the water for air.
　A. comes it　  B. must come it  C. must it come　  D. have it to come
25.Living in the countryside, always _____ early and _____ in the vegetable garden.
　A. did he get up; worked　　　　　 　 B. did he get up; work
　C. would he get up; do　　　　　　　 　D. had he to get up; do
26.So tired _____ after a whole day’s heavy work that I _____ stand on my feet.
　A. was I; could hardly　　　　 　 B. was I felt; could hardly
　C. was I; couldn’t hardly　　　　　 　D. I was; hardly couldn’t
27.Up into the sky _____, and a terrible genie appeared.
　A. flew the light blue smoke　　　　　　　　　　　B. the light blue smoke flew
　C. did the light blue smoke fly 　　　　　　　　 D. was light blue smoke flying
28.On the top of the hill _____, where the monk once lived.
　A. does a temple stand   B. a temple stands there C. stands a temple　D. did a temple stand