单词详解

1. tired  adj. 厌烦的

词组：be tired of厌烦……

同义词组：be sick of

翻译：我厌倦于吃蟹了。I am tired of eating crabs.

2. real  adj. 真正的

派生：really  adv. 真正地；十分

近义词：true

3. owner  n. 主人

派生：own  v. 拥有

翻译：他拥有一辆车。He owns a car.

= He is the owner of the car.

4. spring  n. 弹簧

翻译：盒子一打开，弹簧就蹦出来了。

When the box was opened, the spring jumped out.

spring的其他两个含义：1) 春天  2) 泉

5. mattress  n. 床垫

6. gust  n. 一阵狂风

翻译：一阵大风吹走了我的帽子。

A gust of wind blew my hat off.

In a gust of anger he broke the picture in pieces. 盛怒之下

7. sweep  v. 扫，刮 (swept-swept)

翻译：A gust of wind swept the bird off the tree.

一阵大风把鸟从树上刮下来。

翻译：New brooms sweep clean.

新官上任三把火。

8. courtyard  n. 院子  

9. smash  v. 碰碎，摔碎

翻译：瓶子滑在地上，摔成碎片。

The bottle slipped and smashed to pieces on the floor.

10. miraculously  adv. 奇迹般地

派生：miracle  n. 奇迹

翻译：那次事故奇迹般地改变了我的生活。

That accident miraculously changed my life.

11. unhurt  adj. 没有受伤的

12. glance  v. 扫视

翻译：She glanced round the room before she left.

她略微环视了一下房间才离开。

13. promptly  adv. 迅速地

课文解析

1. Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.

l 语法：形容词做原因状语，放于句首。

翻译：

对数学很感兴趣，他学习地很努力。

Interested in math, he studies hard.

急着要见到你，我们冲出了门外。

Eager to see you, we rushed out of the room.

2. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.

l 词组：for the first time in one’s life  某人有生以来第一次

l 词组：become the proud owner of = own … proudly

l 模仿：他唱歌很棒。

He is a good singer.

l 语法：which引导定语从句

3. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house.

l 语法：because引导原因状语从句，这里的because是否可以跟for互换？

答案：不可以。For引导的原因状语从句不能放在句首。

l 句型：because the weather was very hot = because of the hot weather

4. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.

l 这里的first怎么解释？

答案：刚开始的，头……    

上半年 the first half year

下半年 the second half year

5. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.

l 语法：现在分词做宾语补足语。

【学生版不出现】该点较难，且并非本课重点，请老师一带而过。

6. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground.

l 对比：not … until …直到……才……  until直到

（until引导的句子中，动词必须是延续性动词。而not … until没有限制。老师口头说明【学生版不出现】)

翻译：这场雨一直下到8月份才停。

until：It kept raining until this August.

not … until：It didn’t stop raining until this August.

7. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.

l 词组：bits of wood and metal木头金属零件

bits of bread 一点面包

l 词组：wake up 醒来

wake过去式，过去分词： wake, waked/woke, waked / woke / woken

l 语法：现在分词做时间状语，为非谓语用法。（详见语法重点）

分词短语中包含了that引导的定语从句

【学生版不出现】如果事情发生在自己身上，会作何反应？

8. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.

l 语法：after引导时间状语从句，强调动作的先后顺序，先完成的动作用过去完成时。

【学生版不出现】从文章中得出结论，这个年轻人的心态很好。事已至此，Don’t cry over spilled milk.

【思考1】

Is Ultra man a real man?

Ultra man is not a real man, but he is a true man.

【趣味知识1】

If winter comes, shall spring be far behind?  

— Percy Bysshe Shelley

‘Ode to the West Wind’

【思考2】

还有哪些词可以表示“风”？

wind, breeze, typhoon, hurricane, tornado … 

【思考3】

还有哪些动词是以eep结尾的？动词不规则变化是如何的？

sleep, weep, keep

-eep, -ept, -ept

【思考4】

常见的否定前缀有哪些？

in-, im-, un-, dis- …

【趣味知识2】

Teheran is the capital of Iran, a southwest Asian country which was once called Persia.

【复习1】

struck是什么词的过去式？以前学过的哪些课文中出现过这个词？

strike, struck, struck

L9 It would strike twelve in twenty minutes’ time.

L10 She struck the keys too hard.

L30 The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

【思考5】

lay的动词原形是什么？过去分词是什么？

lie, lay, lain

【赏析】

本句说明作者的什么心态？

乐观。