化学常用符号及缩写字
标签:
化学常用符号光量子芳香机制拉丁文杂谈 |
化学常用符号及缩写字
Common Chemical Symbols and Abbreviations
|
符号
(Symbol)
|
英语全称
(Benelux in
English)
|
中文全称
(Benelux in
Chinese)
|
|
Å
|
Ångstroms
|
埃(10-10m)
|
|
AAS
|
atomic-absorption
spectrophotometry
|
原子吸收分光光度法
|
|
Ac
|
acetyl group
|
乙酰基CH3CO—
|
|
Ar
|
aryl radical
|
芳基Ar-
|
|
ADP
|
adenosine diphosphate
|
二磷酸腺苷
|
|
AES
|
atomic-emission spectrometry
|
原子发射光谱法
|
|
auger electron spectroscopy
|
俄歇电子能谱法
|
|
|
AFS
|
atomic-fluorescence
spectrophotometry
|
原子荧光分光光度法
|
|
AMP
|
adenosine monophosphate
|
一磷酸腺苷
|
|
amu
|
atomic mass unit
|
原子质量单位
|
|
ATP
|
adenosine triphosphate
|
三磷酸腺苷
|
|
Boc
|
t-butoxycarbonyl group
|
三级丁氧羰基(CH3)2COCO—
|
|
bp
|
boiling point
|
沸点
|
|
n-Bu
|
n-butyl group
|
正丁基CH3CH2CH2CH2—
|
|
t-Bu
|
t-butyl group
|
三级丁基(CH3)3C—
|
|
cmr
|
13C magnetic
resonance
|
碳谱(13C磁共振)
|
|
CoA
|
coenzyme A
|
辅酶A
|
|
D
|
debye
|
德拜,偶极矩的度量
|
|
(d,l)
|
dextro-(d-),laevo-(l-)
|
立体化学构型的标记
|
|
(+)-,(-)-
|
dextro isomer, laevo isomer
|
右旋体,左旋体
|
|
dA
|
deoxyadenosine
|
腺去氧核苷
|
|
DAS
|
derivative absorption spectrum
|
导数吸收光谱
|
|
dC
|
deoxycytidine
|
胞去氧核苷
|
|
DCC
|
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
|
二环己基碳二亚胺
|
|
DDQ
|
2,3,-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
|
2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌
|
|
dG
|
deoxyguanosine
|
鸟去氧核苷
|
|
(±)-
|
racemic compound
|
外消旋体
|
|
DMF
|
dimethylformamide
|
二甲基甲酰胺HCON(CH3)2
|
|
DMAc
|
dimethyl acetamide
|
二甲基乙酰胺CH3CON(CH3)2
|
|
DMSO
|
dimethyl sulfoxide
|
二甲亚砜(CH3)2SO
|
|
DMU
|
tetramethyl urea
|
四甲基脲(CH3)2NCON(CH3)2
|
|
DNA
|
deoxyribonucleic acid
|
去氧核酸
|
|
DNF
|
2,4-dinitroflurobenzene
|
2,4-二硝基氟苯
|
|
DNP
|
2,4-dinitroflurobenzene
|
2,4-二硝基苯基
|
|
DSC
|
differential scanning
calorimetry
|
差热扫描量热法
|
|
dT
|
deoxythymidine
|
胸腺去氧核苷
|
|
DTA
|
differential thermal analysis
|
差热分析
|
|
E
|
entgegen
|
(德文)相反的意思,在烯烃Z、E
命名中指相反的一边
|
|
E
|
electrophilic reagent
|
亲电试剂
|
|
e,e
|
enantiometric excess
|
对映体过量
|
|
E1
|
unimolecular elimination
mechanism
|
单分子消除反应机制
|
|
E1cb
|
unimolecular conjugate base elimination
mechanism
|
单分子共轭碱消除反应机制
|
|
E2
|
bimolecular elimination
mechanism
|
双分子消除反应机制
|
|
ECD
|
electron capture detector
|
电子捕获检测器
|
|
EELS
|
electron energy lose
spectroscopy
|
电子能量损失谱法
|
|
emu
|
electromagnetic unit
|
电磁单位
|
|
EPMA
|
electron-prode micro analysis
|
电子探针微区分析
|
|
EPR
|
electron paramagnetic resonance
|
电子顺磁共振
|
|
ESCA
|
electron spectroscopy for chemical
analysis
|
化学分析用电子能谱
|
|
ESR
|
electron spin resonance
|
顺磁共振
|
|
Et
|
ethyl
|
乙基CH3CH2-
|
|
f
|
partial rate factors
|
分速因数
|
|
FID
|
flame ionization detector
|
火焰离子化检测器
|
|
FEM
|
method of field emission
microscope
|
场发射显微镜法
|
|
fp
|
freezing point
|
凝固点
|
|
FPD
|
flame photometric detector
|
火焰光度检测器
|
|
FT
|
fourier transform
|
傅里叶变换
|
|
GC
|
gas chromatography
|
气相色谱法
|
|
GLC
|
gas-liquid chromatography
|
气-液色谱法
|
|
GSC
|
gas-solid chromatography
|
气-固色谱法
|
|
HME
|
hanging mercury electrode
|
悬汞电极
|
|
HMPA
|
hexamethyl phosphoric triamide
|
六甲基磷三酰胺[(CH3)6N]3PO
|
|
HOAc
|
acetic acid
|
醋酸CH3COOH
|
|
HPLC
|
high performance liquid
chromatography
|
高效液相色谱法
|
|
hυ
|
photic symbol
|
光的符号
|
|
hυf
|
fluorescence
|
荧光
|
|
hυp
|
phosphorescence
|
磷光
|
|
Hz
|
hertz
|
赫兹
|
|
I
|
inductive effect
|
诱导效应
|
|
IC
|
internal conversion
|
内部转换
|
|
IE
|
indicated electrode
|
指示电极
|
|
IEC
|
ion exchange chromatography
|
离子交换色谱
|
|
ion exclusion chromatography
|
离子排斥色谱
|
|
|
IPr
|
isopropyl
|
异丙基(CH3)2CH—
|
|
IR
|
infrared spectrometry
|
红外光谱法
|
|
ISC
|
intersystem crossing
|
系间窜跃
|
|
ISE
|
ion-selective electrode
|
离子选择性电极
|
|
J
|
coupling constant
|
偶合常数(单位常用Hz)
|
|
k
|
reaction velocity constant
|
反应速度常数
|
|
K
|
equilibrium constant of reaction
|
反应平衡常数
|
|
Ka
|
acid dissociation constant
|
酸性离解常数
|
|
Kb
|
basic dissociation constant
|
碱性离解常数
|
|
L
|
ligand
|
配位体
|
|
m
|
meta
|
间位
|
|
Me
|
methyl
|
甲基CH3-
|
|
m/e
|
mass charge ratio
|
质荷比
|
|
MGC
|
multidimensional gas
chromatography
|
多维气相色谱法
|
|
MHz
|
106Hz
|
等于106Hz
|
|
mp
|
melting point
|
熔点
|
|
Ms
|
mesyl
|
甲磺酰基
|
|
MS
|
mass spectroscopy
|
质谱
|
|
NAD
|
nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide
|
辅酶I
|
|
NBS
|
n-bromosuccinimide
|
N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺
|
|
NCE
|
normal calomel electrode
|
甘汞电极
|
|
NHE
|
normal hydrogen electrode
|
标准氢电极
|
|
NMR
|
nuclear magnetic resonance
|
核磁共振
|
|
Nu
|
nucleophilic reagent
|
亲核试剂
|
|
o
|
ortho
|
邻位
|
|
OPP
|
pyrophosphate
|
焦磷酸酯
|
|
p
|
para
|
对位
|
|
PES
|
photo electron spectroscopy
|
光电子能谱
|
|
PFGC
|
programmed flow gas
chromatography
|
程序变流气相色谱法
|
|
Ph
|
phenyl
|
苯基
|
|
pH
|
ameasure of the acidity
|
酸性的度量等于-log[H+]
|
|
pKa
|
logarithm of the reciprocal of the acid
dissociation constant
|
酸的强度的度量-logKa
|
|
pKb
|
logarithm of the reciprocal of the basic
dissociation constant
|
碱的强度的度量-logKb
|
|
pmr
|
proton magnetic resonance
|
质子磁共振
|
|
PPA
|
polyphosphoric acid
|
多聚磷酸
|
|
PPGC
|
programmed pressure gas
chromatography
|
程序变压气相色谱法
|
|
PS
|
photoacoustic spectrometry
|
光声光谱法
|
|
PTC
|
phase-transfer catalysis
|
相转移催化(作用)
|
|
PTGC
|
programmed temperature gas
chromatography
|
程序升温气相色谱法
|
|
PTS
|
percentage of theoretical slope
|
百分理论斜率
|
|
R
|
alkyl or cycloalkyl
|
烷基或环烷基
|
|
(R,S)
|
rectus,sinister
|
立体化学主体构型的标记rectus(拉丁文)
右;sinister(拉丁文)左
|
|
RE
|
reference electrode
|
参比电极
|
|
RGS
|
reaction gas chromatography
|
反应气相色谱法
|
|
RNA
|
ribonucleic acid
|
核酸
|
|
RS
|
raman spectrum
|
拉曼光谱
|
|
S
|
singlet
|
单线态
|
|
SCE
|
saturated calomel electrode
|
饱和甘汞电极
|
|
SD
|
standard derivation
|
标准偏差
|
|
sf
|
surfactant
|
表面活性剂
|
|
SN1
|
unimolecular nucleophilic substitution
mechanism
|
单分子亲核取代反应机制
|
|
SN1Ar
|
unimolecular aromatic nucleophilic substitution
mechanism
|
单分子芳香亲核取代反应机制
|
|
SN2
|
bimolecular nucleophilic substitution
mechanism
|
双分子亲核取代反应机制
|
|
SN2Ar
|
bimolecular aromatic nucleophilic substitution
mechanism
|
双分子芳香亲核取代反应机制
|
|
SNi
|
intramolecular ucleophilic substitution
mechanism
|
分子内亲核取代反应机制
|
|
STP
|
standard temperature and
pressure
|
标准温度和压力
|
|
T
|
triplet
|
三线态
|
|
Tc
|
triphase-catalysis
|
三相催化(作用)
|
|
TCD
|
thermal conductivity detector
|
热导检测器
|
|
TEBA
|
triethyl benzyl animonium
chloride
|
氯化三乙基苯甲基铵
|
|
TGA
|
tThermogravimetric analysis
|
热重量分析
|
|
THF
|
tetrahydrofuran
|
四氢呋喃
|
|
TLC
|
thin layer chromatography
|
薄层色谱法
|
|
TMS
|
tetramethylsilane
|
四甲基硅(CH3)4Si
|
|
Ts(Tos)
|
tosyl or
p-toluenesulfonyl
|
对甲基苯磺酰基p-CH3C6H4SO2-
|
|
TTFA
|
thallium trifluoroacetate
|
三氟乙酸铊
|
|
UPS
|
ultraviolet photo electron
spectroscopy
|
紫外光电子能谱
|
|
uv
|
ultraviolet
|
紫外
|
|
vc
|
vibrational cascade
|
振动松缓
|
|
X
|
halogen group
|
卤基
|
|
XPS
|
X-ray photo electron
spectroscopy
|
X射线光电子能谱
|
|
Z
|
zusammen
|
(德文)同的意思,烯烃Z、E命名
中同一边的意思
|
|
Z
|
benzyloxycarbonyl
|
苯甲氧基羰基C6H5CH2OCO-
|
|
symbol of electron pair transfer
|
电子对转移的符号
|
|
|
symbol of single electron
transfer
|
单电子转移的符号
|
|
|
[α]
|
specific rotation
|
比旋光
|
|
δ
|
chemical shift
|
由TMS向低场方向的化学位移,
单位用ppm表示
|
|
△
|
symbol of heating in reaction
|
反应中的加热符号
|
|
μ
|
dipole moment
|
偶极矩
|
|
ф
|
wave function of atomic orbital
|
原子轨道的波函数
|
|
ψ
|
rate of photons production
|
光量子产率
|
|
Φ
|
wave function of molecular
orbital
|
分子轨道的波函数
|
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